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Problematika Syafak dan Fajar dalam Menentukan Waktu Salat Isyak dan Subuh Marataon Ritonga
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 7, No 2 (2021): Al-Marshad
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jam.v7i2.8200

The issue of syafaq and fajr resurfaced when the ISRN UHAMKA institute presented the results of its research related to the position of syafaq and fajr using Sky Quality Meter (SQM) and All Sky Camera (ASC). The results showed that the time for the Isha prayer was too long and the Fajr too early. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the sun's altitude that has been used so far through the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia and Islamic organizations ranges from -18 degrees for Isha prayer time and -20 degrees for fajr prayer time. The results of several studies that have been carried out have obtained varying results ranging from -13 to -20 degrees. The purpose of this study is to find out the problems that exist in determining the sun's altitude for the Isha and Fajr prayers time. This study shows that there are differences in criteria in determining the sun's altitude for the Isha and Fajr prayer times.

ACCURACY TEST OF BRUNTON COMPASS AND SUUNTO COMPASS IN MEASURING QIBLA DIRECTION Muhammad Hidayat; Arwin Juli Rakhmadi; Abdul Rahman Cemda; Marataon Ritonga
Proceeding International Seminar of Islamic Studies INSIS 5 (March 2023)
Publisher : Proceeding International Seminar of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

One of the methods in measuring Qibla Direction is using a compass. The compass itself consists of various types and has different levels of accuracy. Therefore this trial was conducted to determine the level of accuracy between the Brunton compass and the Suunto compass in measuring Qibla direction. This research method uses the field research method or field research using the Brunton Compass, Suunto Compass, Theodolite, Arc Roller, Solar Azimuth Data, Magnetic Deviation Data for Medan City and other supporting data/instruments. The results of this study indicate that the Brunton compass has higher accuracy than the Suunto compass which was tested using a theodolite.

PENENTUAN WAKTU SUBUH MENGGUNAKAN ALL SKY CAMERA DAN METODE MOVING AVERAGE DI KOTA MEDAN Marataon Ritonga; Arwin Juli Rakhmadi; Abu Yazid Raisal
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v8i1.13033

Waktu salat Subuh dimulai ketika terbit fajar shadiq dan berakhir sampai terbit Matahari. Di Indonesia banyak ahli falak yang menetapkan kriteria ketinggian Matahari untuk menentukan awal waktu salat Subuh dengan ketinggian yang bervariatif, mulai dari -18 derajat sampai -20 derajat di bawah ufuk bahkan pada ketinggian -13 derajat di bawah ufuk. Kementerian Agama RI menetapkan ketinggian Matahari untuk waktu salat Subuh pada -20 derajat di bawah ufuk. Dengan adanya perbedaan dalam menetapkan ketinggian Matahari di bawah ufuk, para ahli falak maupun astronomi banyak melakukan pengamatan ulang terhadap kemunculan fajar shadiq. Salah satunya melakukan pengamatan fajar shadiq menggunakan All Sky Camera dengan metode moving average dan pendekatan Gradien. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan (field Research) melalui observasi untuk mendapatkan data dilapangan secara langsung. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan kemunculan fajar shadiq pada saat ketinggian Matahari pada -15 derajat di bawah ufuk.

Transformasi Hisab-Rukyat Dalam Penentuan Awal Bulan Hijriah di Muhammadiyah Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Hidayat, Muhammad; Putraga, Hariyadi
Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan (AJAIP)
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/al-hikmah:jaip.2024.vol21(1).14676

Muhammadiyah as a tajdid (renewal) movement will continue to improve the system in determining the beginning of hijri month through studies, discussions seminars, and research so that the methods and criteria used are truly following the Qur’an, hadith and the Muslims needs in the world. This research purpose to analyze, explore, and discover the transformation and changes in methods made by Muhammadiyah to determine the new month. The research method in this study is a literature study, by conducting a study and book analysis, journals, Suara Muhammadiyah magazines, and related references that have a close relationship with the studies. Based on the study, it shows that Muhammadiyah has made several transformations in its ijtihad to determine the beginning of the new hijri month, starting from the hisab imkanur rukyat sytem, then replaced with the hisab ijtima’ qabl al-ghurub, and the last one was perfected with the hisab wujudul hilal.

Upaya memasyarakatkan astronomi melalui OIF Goes To School di Sekolah MIN 12 Medan Putraga, Hariyadi; Panjaitan, Nur Nilam Sary; Nasution, Makromatul afifah; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Budaya Vol. 26 No. 1 (2024): Juni (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jdsb.v26i1.8832

Astronomi lahir dari kebutuhan masyarakat dalam pencarian penanda waktu dan arah. Namun, masyarakat sendiri belum banyak yang mengenal fenomena astronomi dan cenderung lupa bahkan tidak mengetahui tentang fenomena tersebut. Upaya mengenalkan astronomi kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu solusi yang dilakukan oleh peneliti yang bekerjasama dengan OIF UMSU masih sebatas di sekolah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan Program OIF Goes to School di Kota Medan. Program yang dilakukan adalah Sosialisasi dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang fenomena astronomi, pengamatan matahari dengan teleskop dan kacamata matahari, serta instrumen Astronomi lainnya yang dibawa saat kegiatan berlangsung. Dari program yang dilakukan, masyarakat memberi respon melalui kuisioner dengan skala likert. Respon masyarakat sangat baik, dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,71. Sebanyak 96% responden menyatakan perlu selalu diadakan kegiatan ini kembali.

SHADIQ DAWN OBSERVATION USING ALL SKY CAMERA IN DELI SERDANG, NORTH SUMATERA Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Qorib, Muhammad; Putraga, Hariyadi
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.49707

Technological advancements in optics and digital image recorders as means were breakthroughs in capturing and observing Shadiq Fajr's appearance which produce images according to visual as seen by the eye in the field. Digital camera usage such as the All-Sky Camera which is adjustable in taking dawn data according to a certain time, could show the sky conditions from dark to light, thus providing real evidence of the shadiq fajr appearance. Based on the research conducted, there are differences in Fajr prayer times based on the results of the observations by the All-Sky Camera with processed images using ImageJ and the Fajr prayer schedule issued by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the image produced by ASC and processed using imagej, it shows that there is a change in the sky from dark to bright time which is characterized by significant graphic changes continuously. The study results obtained the average of the Sun depth at the Shadiq Fajr appearance is the altitude of 13.75 degrees below the horizon.

Simulasi Perhitungan Waktu Salat Menggunakan Spreadsheet Raisal, Abu Yazid; Ariswan, Ariswan; Sukma, Mega; Ritonga, Marataon
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 8, No 1 (2022): Al-Marshad
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jam.v8i1.8719

The determination of prayer times initially only used the direct observation method (rukyat) namely observing the shadow of an object, then the determination of prayer times developed with the advent of the calculation method (hisab). The purpose of this study is to make a simulation of the calculation of prayer times using a spreadsheet. A simulation of the calculation of prayer times using a spreadsheet has been made. The prayer times generated by the spreadsheet are not much different from the prayer times obtained from the Accurate Times application. The simulation that has been made can show the effect of the Earth's revolution at prayer times at various latitudes.

Hilal Observation using LRGB Filters Firdaus, Muhammad Dimas; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.10928

The technology used in hilal observation continues to develop. Most recently, using filters has become one of the options in hilal observation. Several filters can be used, ranging from low wavelengths like ultraviolet to high wavelengths like infrared. In some ideas, there needs to be a limit to the use of filters, the human eye's ability as a benchmark for the filter used. The human eye is sensitive to light with visual wavelengths, and one type of filter in this range is the LRGB filter. In this study, hilal observations were made on four filters and compared to find out which filter is better at increasing the contrast of hilal against the background. Using Michelson and Weber contrast as the definition of contrast to determine the comparison of the brightness value of the object with the background. From the observations made, it is found that the R filter will produce higher contrast values at low altitudes, followed by the L, G, and B filters. However, at higher altitudes, the contrast values of the L and R filters are similar, while the G and B filters remain low.

Frequency-Based Analysis of Mosque Qibla Errors in Medan Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Ismail, Ismail
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2025.7.1.24203

Mosque plays a vital role in supporting the performance of prayer comfortably and solemnly. However, one of the most crucial elements in mosque construction is the accuracy of the qibla direction facing the Kaaba. In cities far from the Kaaba, such as Medan, determining the qibla direction cannot be done visually and requires precise astronomical calculations and technical approaches. The problem that arises is the continued presence of mosques with qibla directions deviating from the correct orientation, which can affect the quality of worship for Muslims. This study uses a specially reduced mosque Qibla measurement sample data in Medan city. This paper analyzes data from 38 mosque samples with Qibla direction errors, which were re-measured by the UMSU OIF team. The data were then processed using a frequency distribution method to provide an overview of the error distribution in mosque Qibla directions across the city of Medan. This study found that the error often seen is a deviation of 9-12 degrees from the Qibla direction, and the mistake factors. This study also found that the misalignment of Qibla directions in Medan is mainly due to prioritizing land efficiency over directional accuracy during mosque construction, as well as relying on general assumptions and previously heard fatwas rather than precise astronomical calculations.

Hilal Observation using LRGB Filters Firdaus, Muhammad Dimas; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.10928

The technology used in hilal observation continues to develop. Most recently, using filters has become one of the options in hilal observation. Several filters can be used, ranging from low wavelengths like ultraviolet to high wavelengths like infrared. In some ideas, there needs to be a limit to the use of filters, the human eye's ability as a benchmark for the filter used. The human eye is sensitive to light with visual wavelengths, and one type of filter in this range is the LRGB filter. In this study, hilal observations were made on four filters and compared to find out which filter is better at increasing the contrast of hilal against the background. Using Michelson and Weber contrast as the definition of contrast to determine the comparison of the brightness value of the object with the background. From the observations made, it is found that the R filter will produce higher contrast values at low altitudes, followed by the L, G, and B filters. However, at higher altitudes, the contrast values of the L and R filters are similar, while the G and B filters remain low.

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