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Suatu Tinjauan Kecocokan Kayu Jati (Tectona grandis Linn F) Cepat Tumbuh untuk Bahan Baku Furnitur Siska Anggiriani; Nurhanifah; Jajang Sutiawan
JURNAL KEHUTANAN PAPUASIA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Kehutanan Papuasia
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan UNIPA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.Vol9.Iss1.430

Jati merupakan jenis kayu yang paling populer, memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi, dan banyak digunakan bahan baku furnitur. Jati yang banyak digunakan adalah jati rotasi panjang atau jati konvensional. Hal ini menyebabkan persediaannya menurun dan dikembangkan jati cepat tumbuh untuk memenuhi permintaannya. Informasi ilmiah terkait karakteristik kayu jati cepat tumbuh dan kecocokannya sebagai bahan baku wooden furniture belum tersedia. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini meninjau kesesuaian jati cepat tumbuh sebagai bahan baku furnitur berdasarkan sifat fisis, mekanis, dan keawetannya. Jati cepat tumbuh dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku furnitur karena memenuhi kriteria utama kayu sebagai bahan baku furnitur pada SNI 7555.16, 17, dan 18, SNI 7555.1, 2, dan 3. Beberapa jenis jati cepat tumbuh perlu perlakuan pengawetan atau peningkatan mutu serta rotasi tebang yang lebih panjang untuk meningkatkan kualitasnya. Jati cepat tumbuh potensial digunakan sebagai bahan baku furnitur karena telah memiliki sifat fisis, mekanis, dan keawetan yang baik dengan waktu pemanenan yang lebih pendek.

PENGARUH PROSES BLEACHING TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS KAYU PINUS (Pinus sp.) TERSERANG BLUE STAIN Wijayanto, Arip; Muhamad, Soleh; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska
Tengkawang : Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 14, No 1 (2024): TENGKAWANG : JURNAL ILMU KEHUTANAN
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jt.v14i1.73414

The weakness of pine wood as a furniture material is that it is easily attacked by blue stain which causes changes in the color of the wood. In previous research, it was reported that bleaching material i.e. sodium hypochlorite 25% had a significant effect on the color change of pine wood affected by blue stain, but the effect on its physical and mechanical properties was not yet known. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of bleaching materials on the physical and mechanical properties of pine wood attacked by blue stain. Bleaching treatment was carried out at three different concentrations, namely a mixture of bleaching material and water 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. Then the pine woods that has been treated with bleaching were tested for moisture content, density, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR)) referring to the BS 372-1957 standard. The test results showed that the bleaching treatment had a significant effect on moisture content, MOE, and MOR, but did not affect density. The moisture content of pine woods attacked by blue stains that were treated with bleaching tended to be higher than the control. Meanwhile, the lowest MOE and MOR values were found in pine wood that was treated with bleaching 2:1.Keywords: bleaching, blue stain, mechanical, pine, physical.AbstrakKelemahan dari kayu pinus sebagai bahan furnitur yaitu mudah terserang blue stain yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan warna kayu. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah dilaporkan bahwa bahan bleaching sodium hipoklorit 25% berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan warna kayu pinus terserang blue stain, namun belum diketahui pengaruh terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisis dan mekanis kayu pinus terserang blue stain yang diberi perlakuan bleaching. Perlakuan bleaching pada kayu pinus terserang blue stain dilakukan pada tiga konsentrasi berbeda yaitu campuran bahan bleaching dan air 1:1, 1:2, dan 2:1. Kemudian kayu pinus yang telah diberi perlakuan bleaching diuji kadar air, kerapatan, modulus of elasticity (MOE) dan modulus of rupture (MOR)) mengacu pada standar BS 372-1957. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bleaching berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar air, MOE, dan MOR, namun tidak beroengaruh terhadap kerapatan. Kayu pinus terserang blue stain yang diberi perlakuan bleaching memiliki kadar air yang lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol. Sedangkan nilai MOE dan MOR yang paling rendah ditemukan pada kayu pinus yang diberi perlakuan bleaching 2:1. Kata kunci: bleaching, blue stain, fisis, mekanis, pinus.

PROSES BLEACHING: IMPLIKASINYA PADA PERUBAHAN WARNA DAN SIFAT FISIS KAYU KARET (Hevea Brasiliensis) TERKENA BLUE STAIN Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska; Muhamad, Soleh; Wijayanto, Arip; Mulyosari, Desy; Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan; Widiyanto, Wahyu
Tengkawang : Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 14, No 2 (2024): TENGKAWANG : JURNAL ILMU KEHUTANAN
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jt.v14i2.79136

Blue stain can cause discoloration of wood. This causes the selling price of wood affected by blue stain to decrease in the market, especially if it is used as raw material for furniture. One type of wood that is commonly used to make furniture but is easily affected by blue stain is rubber wood. Effort that can be made to overcome this problem are by bleaching the wood attacked by blue stain. Previous research has been carried out on pine wood with various bleaching compositions. The best results in terms of physical properties and color change were obtained in 25% sodium hypochlorite treatment with a water ratio of 1:2. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct similar studies to analyze the effect of the bleaching process using 25% sodium hypochlorite on the discoloration and physical properties of rubber wood. In this research, rubber wood was treated with bleaching with a composition of 25% sodium hypochlorite:water 1:2. The results obtained showed that the wood after the bleaching process experienced an increase in brightness and a color difference compared to the control. Apart from that, the moisture content value also increases after the bleaching process.Keywords: bleaching, blue stain, rubber wood, sodium hypochlorite.AbstrakJamur pewarna (blue stain) dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna pada kayu. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan penurunan harga jual kayu yang terserang blue stain, terutama jika digunakan sebagai bahan baku furnitur. Salah satu jenis kayu yang sering dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan furnitur namun mudah terserang blue stain adalah kayu karet. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan melakukan proses bleaching pada kayu yang terserang blue stain. Penelitian sebelumnya telah dilakukan pada kayu pinus dengan berbagai komposisi bahan bleaching, dan hasil terbaik dari segi sifat fisik dan perubahan warna diperoleh pada perlakuan sodium hipoklorit 25% dengan perbandingan air 1:2. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian serupa untuk menganalisis pengaruh proses bleaching menggunakan sodium hipoklorit 25% terhadap perubahan warna dan sifat fisis kayu karet. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kayu karet setelah proses bleaching mengalami peningkatan kecerahan dan perbedaan warna dibandingkan kontrol. Selain itu, nilai kadar air juga meningkat setelah proses bleaching.Kata kunci: pemutihan, jamur pewarna, kayu karet, sodium hipoklorit.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Color Change and The Physical Properties of Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) Nurhanifah; Siska Anggiriani; Jajang Sutiawan
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 01 (2024): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v7i01.11244

Timber as a raw material for making furniture is still lacking. One alternative to overcome this problem is bamboo. The potential for bamboo in Indonesia is quite large. Sembilang bamboo is a species of bamboo that has not been widely used. Research related to the effect of heat treatment on color change and the physical properties of bamboo needs to be carried out to determine color change and the dimensional stability of bamboo. This research was carried out by giving heat at 180Â°C for various durations (control, 3 hours, and 6 hours). The color change, moisture content, absorption, and specific gravity of heat-treated sembilang bamboo were researched. The results showed that the color of sembilang bamboo after heat treatment became darker than the control. The moisture content and absorption values of sembilang bamboo with heat treatment at 180Â°C for 6 hours were higher than the control and 3 hours. The specific gravity value of the bamboo control was higher than 3 hours and 6 hours for sembilang bamboo. Heat treatment at 180Â°C for 6 hours had an adverse effect on the physical properties of sembilang bamboo. Heat-treated sembilang bamboo at 180Â°C for 3 hours was recommended in this research

Evaluation of Office Chairs to Enhance Comfort and Reduce Musculoskeletal Risk in Sedentary Work Environments Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan; Prakoso, Galih; Nugroho, Alfani Risman; Afifah, Anshah Silmi; Anggiriani, Siska; Widiastuti, Retno
Jurnal SENOPATI : Sustainability, Ergonomics, Optimization, and Application of Industrial Engineering Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Jurnal SENOPATI Vol 6, No 2
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.senopati.2025.v6i2.6750

This study evaluates the effectiveness of an ergonomically redesigned office chair, tailored to meet the anthropometric needs of employees. It addresses common issues associated with prolonged sitting, such as musculoskeletal discomfort and fatigue, which are prevalent in sedentary work environments. Utilizing anthropometric data from prior studies, the redesign incorporates modifications in key chair dimensions—such as seat height, seat depth, and backrest height—to enhance user comfort and reduce physical strain. The ROSA (Rapid Office Strain Assessment) tool was employed to assess posture and ergonomic risk for both the old and redesigned chairs. Findings indicate a significant improvement in ergonomic support and comfort with the new design, supported by a statistically significant reduction in ROSA scores, as confirmed through a paired sample t-test. Although the redesign effectively enhances comfort, further improvements are recommended, including adjustable lumbar support and backrest flexibility. This study underscores the importance of ergonomic adaptations in office furniture to support diverse body types and reduce occupational health risks.

Efek Perlakuan Panas Terhadap Perubahan Warna Bambu Sembilang (Dendrocalamus giganteus): Effect of Heat Treatment to Color Change on Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska; Sutiawan, Jajang
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v7i1.23759

ABSTRACT Bamboo can be used as an alternative raw material to replace wood. Bamboo is a fast-growing plant that requires quality improvement. One type of bamboo that has not been utilized optimally is sembilang bamboo. Quality improvement can be done through heat modification. Heat treatment can improve the mechanical properties of a material but can cause discoloration. This study aimed to determine the effect of heat treatment on the discoloration of sembilang bamboo. This research was conducted by giving sembilang bamboo heat treatment at 180Â°C for 3 hours and 6 hours. The results obtained were sembilang bamboo, after heat treatment for 3 hours and 6 hours became darker than the control. The longer the heating time, the greater the value of the color change. Â Keywords: color change, heat treatment, sembilang bamboo Â ABSTRAK Bambu dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pengganti kayu. Bambu termasuk tanaman cepat tumbuh yang memerlukan peningkatan kualitas. Salah satu jenis bambu yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal adalah bambu sembilang. Peningkatan kualitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara modifikasi panas. Perlakuan panas dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanis suatu bahan namun dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek perlakuan panas terhadap perubahan warna bambu sembilang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan panas pada bambu sembilang dengan suhu 180Â°C selama 3 jam dan 6 jam. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bambu sembilang setelah perlakuan panas selama 3 jam dan 6 jam menjadi lebih gelap dibandingkan kontrolnya. Semakin lama waktu pemanasan maka nilai perubahan warnanya semakin besar. Â Kata kunci: bambu sembilang, perlakuan panas, perubahan warna

Pengaruh Steam dan Variasi Lapisan Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Partikel Hibrida Kayu Jabon dan Bambu Betung: Effect of Steam and Layer Variation on The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jabon Wood and Betung Bamboo Hybrid Particleboard Muhamad, Soleh; Wijayanto, Arip; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Mulyosari, Desy; Anggiriani, Siska
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44191

ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard fabricated from jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba) and betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) with the application of steam treatment and variations in the arrangement of particleboard layers. The steam conditioning was executed via autoclaving at a temperature of 126 ºC for a duration of 60 minutes under a pressure of 0.14 MPa to improve particle quality prior to the board manufacturing process. The particleboards were architected following a face/core/back schema with three layered variations, namely jabon particleboard, hybrid jabon/bamboo/jabon, and bamboo/jabon/bamboo. The adhesive agent utilized was urea-formaldehyde (UF), applied at a proportion of 10% relative to the oven-dry weight of the particles. The dimensional specifications of the particleboards were fixed at 30 × 30 × 0.9 cm³, targeting a density of 0.6 g/cm³. The appraisal of the physical and mechanical properties was conducted in strict adherence to JIS A 5908-2003, encompassing density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. The empirical outcomes intimate that the hybrid particleboard with a bamboo/jabon/bamboo subjected to steam treatment manifested superlative performance, substantially augmenting the physical and mechanical properties made from jabon wood and betung bamboo. Keywords: betung bamboo, hybrid, jabon wood, particleboard, steam. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel hibrida yang terbuat dari kayu jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) dan bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) dengan penerapan perlakuan steam serta variasi susunan lapisan papan partikel. Perlakuan steam dilakukan menggunakan autoklaf dengan suhu 126 ºC dengan lama 60 menit dengan tekanan 0,14 MPa untuk meningkatkan kualitas partikel sebelum proses pembuatan papan. Papan partikel disusun dengan pola face/core/back dalam tiga variasi lapisan, yaitu papan partikel jabon, hibrida jabon/bambu/jabon, dan hibrida bambu/jabon/bambu. Perekat yang digunakan yaitu urea formaldehida (UF) sebanyak 10% dari berat kering partikel. Dimensi papan partikel adalah 30x30x0,9 cm³ dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm³. Evaluasi sifat fisis dan mekanis mengikuti kriteria JIS A 5908-2003, mencakup kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal, modulus of rupture dan modulus of elasticity. Hasil penelitian mengindikasi bahwasanya papan partikel hibrida dengan susunan bambu/jabon/bambu dan perlakuan steam menghasilkan performa terbaik, serta mampu meningkatkan sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel berbahan kayu jabon dan bambu betung. Kata kunci: bambu betung, hibrida, kayu jabon, papan partikel, steam.

The Utilization Rubber Wood Finger Joint Laminated for Furniture Application Nurhanifah; Wijayanto, Arip; Anggiriani, Siska; Muhamad, Soleh; Mulyosari, Desy
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v8i2.18821

Rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) was considered a promising alternative material in furniture manufacturing due to its favorable physical and mechanical properties, sufficient availability, and relatively high economic value. However, it lacked natural durability and was vulnerable to insect and fungal attacks, requiring preservative treatment before use. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Finger Joint Laminated (FJL) products made from preservative-treated rubber wood as a potential raw material for furniture. The research involved wood selection, preservative treatment using deltamethrin and boric acid via the vacuum-pressure method, fabrication of FJL using three adhesive compositions (PVAc, PVAc + 5% hardener, and PVAc + 15% hardener), and testing of physical (moisture content and density) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture) properties according to BS 373:1957 standards. The results showed that all FJL variants met the density requirements stated in SNI 01-0608-2017. The FJL bonded with 15% PVAc and hardener achieved the highest density and exhibited superior mechanical strength. Although the addition of hardener increased the moisture content, it remained within the acceptable limit (<15%) as defined in SNI 01-0608-1989. The improvement in mechanical performance was attributed to enhanced cross-linking in the adhesive. Some mechanical failures were likely caused by uneven adhesive application. In conclusion, rubber wood treated with preservatives and processed into FJL with optimal adhesive composition demonstrated strong potential as material for furniture production

EVALUATION OF OFFICE CHAIR DESIGN FROM ERGONOMIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PERSPECTIVES Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan; Rahmat, Bahtiar; Nugroho, Alfani Risman; Prakoso, Galih; Afifah, Anshah Silmi; Anggiriani, Siska; Juwitasari, Dhian
J@ti Undip: Jurnal Teknik Industri Vol 20, No 3 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jati.20.3.148-154

Workplace seating that does not match user anthropometry often leads to discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study evaluates the office chairs used at the Politeknik Industri Furnitur dan Pengolahan Kayu Kendal by combining discomfort analysis and anthropometric mismatch assessment. Thirty-two employees (16 males, 16 females) participated, completing the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and providing seated anthropometric measurements. The NBM results revealed that lower back discomfort was the most common complaint, particularly among female respondents, who also reported higher discomfort in the neck, shoulders, and upper back. Mismatch analysis confirmed severe incompatibilities between existing chair dimensions and user anthropometry, with seat height (100% mismatch for both genders) and seat depth (94% for men, 88% for women) as the most problematic. Based on these findings, a redesigned chair was developed, lowering seat height by 30 mm and reducing seat depth by 66 mm, alongside adjustments to backrest and armrest dimensions. Comparison with Indonesian (SNI) and international ergonomic standards (ISO 9241-5, BIFMA G1, EN 1335-1) showed that the redesign falls within recommended ranges. The study demonstrates how anthropometry-based redesign can reduce mismatch and improve comfort, providing practical guidance for the local furniture industry.

Pengaruh Proses Bleaching Terhadap Finishing Kayu Pinus Dan Kayu Karet Terserang Blue Stain: The Effect of Bleaching Process on Finishing of Pine Wood and Rubber Wood Attacked by Blue Stain Mulyosari, Desy; Wijayanto, Arip; Muhamad, Soleh; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska; Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan; Widiyanto, Wahyu
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44692

ABSTRACT One of the problems faced by the furniture industry is the attack of coloring fungi or what is commonly called blue stain. The attack of coloring fungi causes color changes so that the appearance of the wood decreases. The bleaching process is one way that can be done to overcome the attack of blue stain. The bleaching process in the industry uses the chemical white agent 250 (WA-250). However, research related to the effect of the bleaching process on the finishing of pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain has not been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of the bleaching process on the finishing of pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain. Finishing tests include testing the adhesion of the finishing layer (cross cut test) referring to ASTM D 3359, flexibility testing is carried out with a coin test, and hardness testing refers to ASTM D 3363. The results of this study are that the bleaching process does not affect the finishing process on pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain, both those treated with bleaching and those without bleaching treatment, which are included in the same finishing quality category. Based on the adhesion test, it is included in class 4B (Good) and its flexibility gets a value of 5 (very good), while the hardness of the finishing layer is in the less category. Keywords: bleaching, blue stain, finishing, pine wood, rubber wood ABSTRAK Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh industri furnitur salah satunya adalah serangan jamur pewarna atau yang biasa disebut blue stain. Serangan jamur pewarna tersebut menyebabkan perubahan warna sehingga terjadi penurunan penampilan kayu. Proses bleaching merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi adanya serangan blue stain. Proses bleaching pada industri menggunakan bahan kimia white agent 250 (WA-250). Namun, penelitian terkait pengaruh proses bleaching pada finishing kayu pinus dan kayu karet terserang blue stain belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh proses bleaching terhadap finishing pada kayu pinus dan kayu karet yang terserang blue stain. Pengujian finishing meliputi pengujian daya lekat lapisan finishing (cross cut test) mengacu pada ASTM D 3359, pengujian fleksilbilitas dilakukan dengan coin test, dan pengujian kekerasan mengacu pada ASTM D 3363. Hasil penelitian ini adalah proses bleaching tidak mempengaruhi proses finishing pada kayu pinus dan kayu karet yang terserang blue stain baik yang diberi perlakuan bleaching maupun tanpa perlakuan bleaching masuk dalam kategori kualitas finishing yang sama. Berdasarkan uji daya lekat termasuk pada kelas 4B (baik) dan fleksibilitasnya memperoleh nilai 5 (sangat bagus), sedangkan kekerasan lapisan finishingnya kategori kurang. Kata kunci: bleaching, blue stain, finishing, kayu karet, kayu pinus

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