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Solidarity Beyond City Halls: A Study of City Transnational Activism on Palestine Question Luerdi Luerdi; Arie Fitria; Gita Karisma
Jejak digital: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): MEI 2026
Publisher : INDO PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63822/ybzg7a12

Abstract

Global communities have been responding to the decades of Palestine-Israel conflict through, for example, transnational activism in solidarity with the Palestinian cause. Cities are now becoming increasingly important in global politics, and they are hardly ignoring international issues, including the imbalanced conflict between two political entities. Despite this, city transnational activism on the Palestine question remains limited in the scholarly realm. This research aimed to investigate transnational activism carried out by several European cities, such as Barcelona (Spain), Oslo (Norway), Liège, and Verviers (Belgium), amidst strong political and military support for Israel from Western countries. The research applied the qualitative method and the concept of city transnational activism. The findings suggest that the selected cities practiced transnational activism in the form of moral calls as well as boycott resolutions to emphasize the necessity to respect Palestinian rights and oppose Israel’s policy towards Palestine and the violation of international law. This paper provides a perspective that local state actors, like cities, through activism, can champion global norms through local actions in response to global issues like conflicts.
Keberlanjutan dan Politik Luar Negeri Qatar Dalam Piala Dunia 2022 Luerdi Luerdi
Complex : Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Nasional Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): COMPLEX - Februari
Publisher : PT. Faaslib Serambi Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66341/complex.v3i1.310

Abstract

The FIFA World Cup 2022 was held in Qatar, despite facing doubts and criticism regarding the event. It was the first time for Qatar to host the mega-event and the first time in the Middle East. Qatar finally succeeded in hosting the event, and it was even framed as the most sustainable FIFA World Cup in the tournament’s history. The state also projected the world’s football tournament as part of foreign policy driven by its National Vision 2030. This study attempts to shed light on the sustainability aspects of Qatar’s World Cup and the state’s foreign policy in pursuing development, constituting several pillars: human, social, economic, and environmental development. This study employed the qualitative research method with a case study approach and descriptive analysis. Qatar definitely gained several benefits by hosting the event: having the opportunity to get knowledge and technology transfer, particularly in sustainable infrastructure development as well as management of global mega-events, introducing values and culture of Qatari society, strengthening economic diversification, and reinforcing the state’s role in promoting and advancing sustainable development in accordance with the National Vision 2030.
Paradiplomasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Pesisir Barat dalam Kerja Sama Penyelenggaraan World Surf League Krui Pro Muhammad Rizki Fadillah; Moh Nizar; Luerdi Luerdi
Journal of Government and Social Issues (JGSI) Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Government Science Department , Faculty of Social and Political Science - University of Lampung. Journal of Government and Social Issues (JGSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jgsi.v5i2.74

Abstract

The Pesisir Barat Regency in Lampung Province sought to leverage its local potential, namely its coastal waves, by partnering with the international actor, the World Surf League, to host the WSL Krui Pro. Such a phenomenon deserves investigation, as international cooperation – also known as paradiplomacy – is pursued by subnational actors, which commonly lack bargaining power on the global stage. Using a qualitative research method with descriptive analysis and the concept of paradiplomacy, this research sheds light on the model and purpose of such a local government’s paradiplomatic practice in organizing an international surfing event. Data was gathered through interviews and relevant documents. The findings show that paradiplomacy by the Pesisir Barat Regency took shape in the model of regional paradiplomacy, which was complementary and opportunity-oriented. In addition, the local government was pursuing economic, cultural, and technical interests that belong to the first and second layers of paradiplomacy. Represented by the case study of the Pesisir Barat Regency Government in this paper, the foreign relations or cooperation by Indonesian subnationals can occur in the bottom-up process, even by regions that are underdeveloped and not used to getting involved in foreign affairs.
The Birth of the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA): A Historical Inquiry into China’s Power, Motivations, and Strategies Luerdi Luerdi
Inflasi : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Perbankan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Inflasi - Mei 2026
Publisher : PT. Faaslib Serambi Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66341/inflasi.v3i1.301

Abstract

ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) has been one of the world’s influential free trade cooperations since its inception in 2010, making the region of Southeast Asia, together with China, a large and dynamic regional market. China acted as an important actor in the formation of the ACFTA. This research sought to deepen China’s role, tracing back to the formation of such cooperation, particularly its economic power, motivations, and strategies driving the free trade cooperation. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach and economic liberalization theory. The results indicate that China’s economic power was a major factor for ASEAN member states to agree on the formation of the ACFTA. In addition, China’s motivations and strategies in expanding economic influence aligned with the interests of ASEAN to enhance trade liberalization and regional economic integrity.
City in Global Conversations: A Constructivist Study of Jakarta's Para-Diplomacy and Regional Leader's International Visibility Luerdi Luerdi; Arie Fitria
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): JHII 2023
Publisher : Lampung Center for Global Studies (LCGS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhii.v5i2.41

Abstract

Para-diplomacy has been the agenda of many mega-cities and through which they can express their capacity as well as creativity to pursue specific interests beyond borders. For cities, para-diplomacy can be conducted in many forms starting from merely ceremonial activities to the transnational municipal networks (TMNs). The city active engagement in global forums which mostly belong to the TMNs’ agenda is often associated with the regional leader’s international visibility in global conversations. This paper aims to explain the determinant driving the regional leader’s international visibility within para-diplomacy practice, choosing Jakarta as a case study. This research applied the qualitative method and constructivist approach to investigate the role of ideational factor. The research found that the idea of global city embraced by the regional leader – constructing the city’s identity and interests – encouraged the leader to be active in global forums. The city’s international visibility which was represented by the leader paved Jakarta to be an active global city and through which it would be able to promote its local development and enhance its global role in responding to global issues. This paper suggests that the internal determinants like the regional leaders (governor, mayor) with certain values matter to direct city para-diplomacy whether to project its leadership or merely to prioritize its bilateral para-diplomacy.