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All Journal Jurnal Daulat Hukum Jurnal Akta Al-Daulah : Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam Gulawentah:Jurnal Studi Sosial Literasi Hukum Veteran Law Review Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan JPM: JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT Law Development Journal IBLAM Law Review Mimbar Hukum Bakti Sekawan : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Sabangka Abdimas Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sabangka Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Realism: Law Review Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Z-COVIS)
Negara, Dharma Setiawan
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The Innovation of Criminal Law Interpretation Model in Indonesia through Rule of Lenity Approach Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Lufsiana, Lufsiana
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 8, No 3 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v8i3.47103

Abstract

This research aims to explore and develop an innovative concept of criminal law interpretation in Indonesia through the Rule of Lenity (RoL) approach. The RoL principle, originating from the common law system, emphasizes that ambiguous criminal provisions must be interpreted narrowly and always in favor of the defendant. Within Indonesia’s civil law system, adopting RoL has the potential to strengthen legal certainty, safeguard defendants’ human rights, and reduce the risk of arbitrariness in law enforcement practices. The study employs normative legal research methods, focusing on theoretical foundations of the principle of legality, established doctrines of statutory interpretation, and comparative analysis of RoL application in common law jurisdictions, particularly the United States. The findings suggest that RoL in Indonesia should only serve as a last resort, applied strictly when all existing interpretative methods still leave unresolved ambiguity. This ensures that RoL does not undermine legal predictability while simultaneously upholding fairness in criminal adjudication. The conclusion highlights the necessity of explicitly regulating RoL within Indonesian positive law. Such regulation would provide judges with clearer guidance, reinforce protections for defendants, and contribute to achieving a balanced criminal justice system. Ultimately, the integration of RoL offers a pathway for Indonesia to harmonize its civil law tradition with a principle that enhances justice and prevents potential abuse of prosecutorial and judicial discretion.
Digital Empowerment: Ensuring Legal Protections for Online Arisan Engagements Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Darmawan, Didit
Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society (August)
Publisher : Metromedia

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Abstract

Digitalization changes transactions that initially had to meet without physical meetings. One example is online social gathering which is the result of this development, where the agreement and implementation of the social gathering is carried out via social media platforms. At the same time, this agreement also creates an agreement, so that online or virtual social gatherings become the basis for its implementation. Even though this transaction has provided convenience, it will also pose risks for participants in the virtual social gathering. This research aims to find the characteristics of online arisan agreements which are based on positive Indonesian legal rules and identify legal protection efforts for online arisan members. The data was analyzed qualitatively after going through the stages of examination, reconstruction and data systematization. The study results indicate online social gathering agreements exhibit a number of distinguishable features. To begin with, these agreements made online can be categorized as anonymous agreements, standard agreements, and reciprocal agreements. This indicates the various forms of online social gathering agreements that exist. Second, the requirements for participating in online social gatherings are usually broadcast via social media, and communication occurs online or virtually, without direct face-to-face meetings. The existing online social gathering agreement is carried out virtually, based on the level of trust that is built between the owner/organizer as well as the participants in the social gathering. Third, from a legal perspective, Agreements related to online social gatherings are regarded as electronic transactions as per the electronic information and transactions law (UU ITE). This indicates that electronic rules apply to this agreement. Fourth, proof of The agreement for the online social gathering can be located using the withdrawal serial number provided by the owner or organizer to the members at the beginning of the event. This is concrete evidence of the agreement that has been made. Apart from that, legal protection for the public, especially online social gathering members, is divided into two. First, preventive legal protection or in other words efforts to prevent legal problems before they occur, which have been regulated in the laws and regulations related to online social gatherings, namely in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), the ITE Law, and online social gathering agreements. have been made by the parties themselves. This aims to prevent violations and conflicts in online social gathering agreements. Second, Stringent legal safeguarding encompasses penalties, including monetary fines and restitution given in cases of violation of online social gathering agreements. For this reason, legal remedies are available to maintain the security and validity of online social gathering agreements in accordance with Indonesian law.
Competition Law in the Digital Era: Perspective on Startup Companies in Indonesia Mustafa, Abraham Reyhand; Hardyansah, Rommy; Putra, Arif Rachman; Wibowo, Agung Satryo; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society (May)
Publisher : Metromedia

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Abstract

Business competition in the digital era presents new challenges for startups in Indonesia, such as the dominance of large platforms, algorithmic discrimination, and the lack of digital infrastructure. Law Number 5 of 1999 as the legal basis for business competition has not fully accommodated technological developments such as algorithms, big data, and the digital ecosystem. This research analyzes the application of competition regulations to startups in the digital era, focusing on challenges such as market access inequality and the lack of legal education. Additionally, this research explores opportunities such as the use of disruptive technology and collaboration between startups and regulators. With a normative-empirical approach, this research examines the relevance of current regulations and provides strategic recommendations to create a fair and sustainable digital business ecosystem. The research results indicate that revising regulations to be responsive to the digital era is essential to support healthy competition and innovation in the startup sector.
Legal Responsibility of Companies in Cases of Personal Data Breaches Dirgantara, Febrian; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Darmawan, Didit; Aryanto, Endra Andie; Shahab, Alwi Mohamad
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v5i1.18046

Abstract

Personal data leak cases in Indonesia are becoming an increasingly pressing issue in the digital era. This study aims to analyze the legal responsibility of companies in cases of personal data leaks, identify the main factors causing the incident, and evaluate weaknesses in the existing regulatory and supervisory systems. A normative legal approach is used by reviewing Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection and other related regulations. The results of the study indicate that data leaks are caused by weak security infrastructure, low employee awareness, and lack of compliance with data protection standards. Regulatory disharmony and weak supervision are major obstacles in ensuring company compliance with legal obligations. This study recommends improving data security through advanced technology, regulatory harmonization, strengthening supervisory mechanisms, and educating the public about personal data protection rights. Thus, this study is expected to provide practical and theoretical contributions to the development of a more effective personal data protection system in Indonesia.
Constitutionality of PERPU Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation Based on the Ruling of the Constitutional Court Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Lufsiana, Lufsiana; Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma Putra
Al-Daulah: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/ad.2023.13.1.159-179

Abstract

Applicability Constitution Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation changes several arrangements previous employment _ arranged in Constitution Number 13 of 2003 Concerning Employment give rise to various polemic in proven implementation _ with he sued Constitution Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation to Court The resulting constitution decision that Constitution the must repair, especially those related with employment. Because of That Government through the President set Regulation Government Replacement Law (PERPU) Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation as an answer to the polemic and emptiness of the law that occurred. Study This is a study law normative with the use approach legislation and approach conceptual study about the constitutionality of PERPU Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation which has been determined by the President Republic of Indonesia. PERPU is made only if a situation is critical. PERPU 2/2022 was created when the Job Creation Law was declared to need to be revised because it was decided by the MK to be in conflict with the Constitution, while the Covid 19 conditions required the state to continue to maintain economic stability, therefore PERPU 2/2022 was issued, however, this PERPU was also challenged by the MK because It is considered that some of the content does not reflect any form of protection for workers. Apart from that, the applicant's argument for a judicial review of PERPU also argued that PERPU 2/2022 was made even though it was not in a critical situation.
REORGANIZATION OF THE TAX COURT WITHIN THE STATE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT POST CONSTITUTIONAL COURT DECISION NO 26/PUU-XXI/2023 Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Husban, Husban; Putra Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma; Lufsiana, Lufsiana
IBLAM LAW REVIEW Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): IBLAM LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM IBLAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52249/ilr.v3i2.323

Abstract

Pursuant to Article 24 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia) it is stated that judicial power is exercised by a Supreme Court and judicial bodies under it within the realm of general courts, religious courts, military courts, state administrative courts and by a Constitutional Court. Based on Article 1 number 8 of Law Number 48 of 2009 Concerning Judicial Power (UU 48/2009) there is a special court that has the authority to examine and hear and decide on certain cases which can only be formed within one of the judicial bodies under the Supreme Court. regulated in laws and regulations. The limitation of judicial institutions as stipulated in Article 24 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia does not allow for judicial institutions that are not within the scope of the Supreme Court and/or the Constitutional Court. However, there is a judicial institution, namely the Tax Court as stipulated in Article 2 of Law Number 14 of 2002 concerning the Tax Court (UU 14/2002), which is a judicial body that exercises judicial power for taxpayers seeking justice in tax disputes. Regarding the Tax Court, the guidance is carried out by the Supreme Court and the Ministry of Finance. This makes the tax court not completely independent as a judicial institution in general that carries out a judicial function (there is still interference from the executive branch, namely the ministry of finance), plus that the Supreme Court, in order to be able to fully supervise the tax court both technically and administratively, the tax court should be under the judicial institutions under the Supreme Court. This research is a normative juridical research using statutory and conceptual approaches with the aim of finding an ideal arrangement regarding the institutional structure of the tax court in Indonesia
PENGEMBANGAN LAHAN KOSONG KAMPUS MELALUI KEGIATAN PENANAMAN POHON MANGGA DAN JAMBU OLEH MAHASISWA KKN Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Darmawan, Didit; Saputra, Rio; Pakpahan, Novritsar Hasitongan; Khayru, Rafadi Khan; Putra, Arif Rachman; Arifin, Samsul
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Z-COVIS) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Z-COVIS)
Publisher : Penerbit Az-Zahra Media Society

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Abstract

Lahan kampus yang luas dan tidak termanfaatkan secara optimal kerap menghadirkan berbagai permasalahan lingkungan seperti berkurangnya estetika, potensi erosi, dan munculnya area tidak produktif. Penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan lahan kosong seluas 4 hektar di lingkungan kampus melalui kegiatan penanaman pohon mangga dan jambu, yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa sebagai bagian dari program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN). Metode partisipatif dipilih agar mahasiswa terlibat langsung dalam setiap tahapan mulai dari observasi lahan, penggalian lubang tanam, hingga proses penanaman dan pemantauan bibit. Pendekatan ini tidak hanya ditujukan untuk memperbaiki kondisi lingkungan fisik kampus, tetapi juga menumbuhkan kepedulian mahasiswa terhadap kelestarian lingkungan serta mempererat solidaritas antaranggota KKN. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 90% bibit yang ditanam mampu bertahan hidup dan mulai tumbuh dengan baik selama masa adaptasi awal. Program ini membuktikan pentingnya keterlibatan mahasiswa secara aktif untuk mendukung pemanfaatan lahan dan pelestarian lingkungan kampus secara berkelanjutan. Dengan adanya pemantauan dan perawatan berkelanjutan, manfaat ekologi dan sosial diperkirakan akan terus berkembang, sehingga kampus dapat bertransformasi menjadi ruang hijau produktif serta memberikan contoh nyata penerapan prinsip lingkungan berkelanjutan.
Ratio Decidendi dan Obiter Dictum: Evolusi Konseptual Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Putusan Pidana Indonesia Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
Jurnal Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum Untuk Keadilan Vol 16, No 2 (2025): JNH VOL 16 NO 2 NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22212/jnh.v16i2.5049

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas integrasi antara ratio decidendi dan obiter dictum dalam putusan perkara pidana di Indonesia sebagai cerminan perkembangan paradigma hukum yang tidak lagi terikat pada klasifikasi tradisional sistem common law. Melalui metode yuridis normatif, tulisan ini menyoroti bagaimana berlakunya Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, khususnya Pasal 53 ayat (2), mendorong pengadilan untuk mendahulukan nilai keadilan dibandingkan kepastian hukum, sehingga membuka ruang bagi obiter dictum untuk memperoleh relevansinya secara substantif. Dalam konteks ini, ratio decidendi dan obiter dictum dipahami bukan sebagai entitas yang terpisah secara ketat, melainkan saling melengkapi dalam membentuk struktur pertimbangan hukum yang integral. Artikel ini juga mengaitkan pergeseran tersebut dengan konsep positivisme hukum inklusif, yang mengakomodasi nilai-nilai moral dan kemanusiaan ke dalam sistem hukum positif. Dengan menelaah berbagai konsep, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penyatuan ratio decidendi dan obiter dictum adalah suatu keniscayaan secara yuridis dalam membangun putusan pidana yang adil dan kontekstual dalam sistem hukum Indonesia yang berlandaskan Pancasila.
Retail Investor Protection Through Information Disclosure in the Domestic Capital Market Santoso, Bambang; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Putra, Arif Rachman
Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society (November)
Publisher : Metromedia

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Abstract

This study examines the protection of retail investors in the capital market using a normative legal approach, focusing on the authority of the Financial Services Authority (OJK), the disclosure obligations of issuers, and the available law enforcement mechanisms. The analysis was conducted through a review of primary legal materials in the form of capital market laws and regulations and secondary legal materials. The results of the study show that the legal framework has provided a broad set of tools to reduce information asymmetry and provide room for retail investors to recover their losses. The OJK has a regulatory and supervisory mandate that includes setting disclosure standards, monitoring compliance, conducting special examinations, and applying graduated sanctions. At the regulatory level, issuers' obligations are linked to accounting standards, audits, and the supervision of supporting professions, so that the quality of information can be tested through several layers of supervision. However, the effectiveness of protection is still influenced by the limited financial literacy and legal capacity of retail investors, the cost and time barriers to litigation, and institutional challenges in supervising an increasingly digitalised market. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the quality of information disclosure that is reader-friendly for small investors, increase the transparency of law enforcement by authorities, and develop more accessible dispute resolution mechanisms, including support for retail investor organisations as dialogue partners in the formulation of capital market policies oriented towards investor protection.
Partisipasi Mahasiswa dalam Gotong Royong untuk Kebersihan Lingkungan di Sekitar Kampus Pakpahan, Novritsar Hasitongan; Ilmi, Ichyaul; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Hardyansah, Rommy; Dirgantara, Febrian
Bakti Sekawan : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Puslitbang Sekawan Institute Nusa Tenggara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35746/bakwan.v6i1.949

Abstract

This community service activity was carried out to explore and encourage increased involvement of students, local communities, and the government in collective efforts to maintain environmental cleanliness, particularly in areas surrounding the campus. Gotong royong is an important tradition in Indonesia that plays a significant role in preserving environmental cleanliness and public health. However, its implementation is often influenced by various factors that affect the success and sustainability of cleanliness programs. This activity applied the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method as an approach that promotes the active participation of students, communities, and the government at all stages of the program, starting from planning and implementation to evaluation. The results of the activity indicate a significant increase in student and community participation in gotong royong activities. This improvement was influenced by several factors, including greater awareness of the importance of environmental cleanliness, support from the community, support from the local government, and the availability of adequate facilities. Therefore, it can be concluded that students’ contributions in promoting environmental cleanliness and sustainability have a real and significant impact. In addition to positively affecting environmental conditions around the campus, this activity also plays a role in shaping students’ character and fostering a sense of environmental responsibility.
Co-Authors Ainal Mardhiah Arif Rachman Putra Aryanto, Endra Andie Bagus Oktafian Abrianto Bambang Santoso Didit Darmawan Dipaajiblana Dirgantara, Febrian Donauli, Edison El-Yunusi, Muhammad Yusron Maulana Evendi, Wakid Halizah, Siti Nur Husban, Husban Ikhwanuddin Ikhwanuddin Ilmi, Ichyaul Jahroni Khayru, Rafadi Khan Lufsiana, Lufsiana Mustafa, Abraham Reyhand Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma Putra Nuraini, Reny Pakpahan, Novritsar Hasitongan Permatasari, Vivi Ayudya Rizky, Muchamad Catur Rommy Hardyansah Samsul Arifin Saputra, Rio Shahab, Alwi Mohamad Susilo, Erwin Wibowo, Agung Satryo Yudhantaka, Lintang