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Novemyanto, Alfin Dwi
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Merekonstruksi Kedaulatan Udara Indonesia dari Perspektif Meta-Konstitusional: Sebuah Kritik terhadap Dominasi Singapura dalam Pengelolaan Flight Information Region (FIR) Jumantoro, Tegar Raffi Putra; Novemyanto, Alfin Dwi
Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Restorasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/dwbdd986

Abstract

For more than seven decades, Singapore has dominated the management of Indonesia's Flight Information Region (FIR). This situation raises serious questions about air sovereignty and the supremacy of the national constitution. It stems from concerns about the delegation of FIR to foreign authorities, which is considered to disregard the basic principles of state sovereignty in the constitution and has the potential to weaken the legitimacy of the country's strategic policies. This study uses a legal-normative method with a conceptual and meta-constitutional approach to examine the constitutional and moral validity of the 2022 Indonesia-Singapore FIR Agreement. This approach allows researchers to criticize the reduction of the constitution to a mere procedural instrument and evaluate the extent to which the agreement reflects the principles of pactum subjectionis and leges fundamentalis. The results of the study show that the transfer of FIR has no objective technical basis and contradicts Article 1 of the 1944 Chicago Convention and Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of reconstructing the meaning of air sovereignty through a meta-constitutional approach so that the state does not lose its normative foundation in the face of geopolitical compromises. This study contributes to the discourse on renewing the paradigm of constitutional law to be more reflective, civilized, and rooted in the will of the people. Selama lebih dari tujuh dekade, Singapura telah mendominasi pengelolaan Flight Information Region (FIR) Indonesia. Situasi ini menimbulkan pertanyaan serius tentang kedaulatan udara dan supremasi konstitusi nasional. Berawal dari kecemasan mengenai pendelegasian FIR kepada otoritas asing yang dinilai mengabaikan prinsip dasar kedaulatan negara dalam konstitusi dan berpotensi melemahkan legitimasi kebijakan strategis negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan meta-konstitusional untuk membedah keabsahan konstitusional dan moral dari Perjanjian FIR Indonesia–Singapura tahun 2022. Pendekatan ini memungkinkan peneliti untuk mengkritik reduksi konstitusi menjadi sekadar instrumen prosedural dan mengevaluasi sejauh mana kesepakatan tersebut mencerminkan prinsip pactum subjectionis dan leges fundamentalis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengalihan FIR tidak memiliki dasar teknis yang objektif dan bertentangan dengan Pasal 1 Chicago Convention 1944 serta Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD 1945. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya rekonstruksi pemaknaan kedaulatan udara melalui pendekatan meta-konstitusional agar negara tidak kehilangan fondasi normatif dalam menghadapi kompromi geopolitik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada wacana pembaruan paradigma hukum tata negara yang lebih reflektif, berkeadaban, dan berakar pada kehendak rakyat.
Co-Authors Afriani, Febi Albanna, Syedna Ahmad Azri, Adlina Nur Cahyanto, Sigit Bayu Fakhrur Rozi, Fakhrur Hani, Aisiyah Puspita Jumantoro, Tegar Raffi Putra Karo, Suratih Muhamad Larasati, Alexandra Kayla Hened Larasati, Meidiana Aulia Nur, Rismawati Rahma, Aisyah Mutiara Ridlo, Muhammad Rosyid Supriantoro, Nadhila Citra Yuraida, Sintha