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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Heca Journal of Applied Sciences
Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva
Department Of Plant Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics

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A Review on Mitochondrial Genome of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Kolondam, Beivy Jonathan; Tallei, Trina Ekawati; Koneri, Roni; Abas, Abdul Hawil; Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.74

Abstract

Ants, which are members of the Formicidae family, have been the subject of considerable scientific scrutiny due to their remarkable diversity and ecological importance. Extensive research endeavors have been directed towards understanding the complex behaviors and ecological responsibilities exhibited by these organisms. The advent of cutting-edge sequencing technology in recent times has sparked a significant breakthrough in the deciphering of mitochondrial genomes in many animals, including ants. The objective of this review paper is to provide an informative summary of the mitochondrial DNA of ants. Exploring the intricate structural aspects, we investigate the genetic diversity that exists in the mitochondrial genomes of ants. The investigation of evolutionary processes provides insight into the complex alterations that have shaped genomes throughout time. The broader ramifications of these genetic differences for the fields of ant biology and conservation are thoroughly considered. An examination is conducted on the structural characteristics, genetic variations, and evolutionary features of ant mitochondrial genomes, along with an investigation into their physiological impacts. As the molecular complexities of ant mitochondrial genomes are revealed, there is an opportunity to further explore their realm, leading to a more comprehensive comprehension of these extraordinary organisms.
Integrated DNA Barcoding and Morphometric Characterization of Palm Weevils (Rhynchophorus spp.) in North Sulawesi Balansa, Endrile Golmen; Salaki, Christina Leta; Tarore, Dantje; Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva; Kolondam, Beivy Jonathan; Tallei, Trina Ekawati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1260-1272

Abstract

Palm weevils (Rhynchophorus spp.) are significant pests of sago palms worldwide. Yet, the taxonomy and evolutionary lineage of these species in North Sulawesi remain unclear, likely due to geographic isolation driving genetic variation and species differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and morphological differentiation of Rhynchophorus across distinct geographic regions in North Sulawesi using an integrative approach combining DNA barcoding and morphometric analysis. Morphometric traits from palm weevil specimens collected in Sangihe Island, Minahasa, and Bolaang Mongondow were measured and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, MANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to assess interpopulation morphological differences. For molecular identification, the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using the maximum likelihood method, and a DNA barcode gap analysis was conducted to evaluate the separation between intra- and interspecific genetic distances. Morphometric analysis revealed significant size variations among the specimens, particularly in rostrum dimensions, with the EBBM (Bolaang Mongondow) group showing the highest values. COI-gene-based identification confirmed that all specimens were of R. vulneratus. However, phylogenetic analysis showed EBMin (Minahasa) and EBBM forming a distinct subgroup, while EBMan, EBSTS, EBTam, and EBSTU (all from Sangihe Island) clustered separately. Barcode gap analysis demonstrated a clear distinction between intra- and interspecific divergence, validating COI as a reliable marker for species delimitation. This study concludes that integrating morphometric and genetic analyses reveals geographic structuring within R. vulneratus, highlighting the effectiveness of combined methods for accurate identification and population differentiation.
Comparative Study of DNA Barcoding and Mini-Barcoding based on COI Gene for Species Identification and Phylogeny of Formicidae Family (Insecta: Hymenoptera) Kolondam, Beivy Jonathan; Tallei, Trina Ekawati; Koneri, Roni; Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1626-1642

Abstract

DNA barcoding and mini-barcoding are widely used to study insect biodiversity, including ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). This study evaluated the effectiveness of both approaches for species identification and phylogenetic inference in ants, with particular attention to the performance of universal primers during PCR amplification. Full-length DNA barcode (658 bp) and mini-barcode (127 bp) regions of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were retrieved from GenBank, aligned, and analysed with maximum-likelihood phylogenetics (1,000 bootstrap replicates) under the Tamura-Nei model. The universal DNA barcoding primers (Folmer's LCO1490 and HCO2198) showed generally good alignment with ant COI sequences. However, multiple nucleotide mismatches were observed in LCO1490, including one critical mismatch located within the GC clamp region. In contrast, the universal mini-barcoding primers (UniMinibarF1 and UniMinibarR1) showed critical mismatches at their 3′ ends, likely reducing PCR efficiency. Despite limitations associated with primer mismatches, both DNA barcoding and mini-barcoding are reliable for species identification. DNA barcoding and mini barcoding are both capable of distinguishing ants at the species level, regardless of the length of the sequences being compared. The same sequences have also been used for phylogenetic analysis, showing good ability to distinguish ant species based on phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The comparison of DNA barcoding and mini-barcoding in ants showed that longer sequences offered superior resolution for species identification and phylogenetic reconstruction. These findings underscore the need for primer optimisation in ant-specific applications and highlight the utility of both barcoding strategies for taxonomic and evolutionary studies.
Identification and Modeling of Illegal Fishing Violations in WPPNRI 715 Using Vessel Monitoring System Data Paulus, Teddy Feky; Manoppo, Lefrand; Kalangi, Patrice Nelson I; Sumilat, Deiske A.; Schaduw, Joshian Nicolas William; Budiman, Johnny; Mamahit, Juliet Merry Eva
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67681

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze fishing activity characteristics based on Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data, identify spatial patterns and hotspots of fishing violations in Fisheries Management Area of the Republic of Indonesia (WPPNRI) 715, and develop a VMS- and hotspot-based fisheries surveillance model. A quantitative descriptive method with a Geographic Information System-based spatial analysis approach was applied. The dataset consisted of fishing vessel VMS records and fishing violation data from 2022 to 2025 in WPPNRI 715. The analysis included data cleaning and validation, characterization by area, fishing gear, vessel size, and violation type, Kernel Density Estimation, Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation, Getis-Ord Gi* hotspot analysis, and risk-based surveillance modelling using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. The results identified 388 violation events concentrated mainly in Maluku, North Maluku, and North Sulawesi waters. The highest number of violations occurred in 2024, with 193 cases. Violations were dominated by small pelagic purse seine vessels with one boat (208 cases), while vessel size was dominated by 30-50 GT (149 cases) and 50-100 GT (123 cases). The most common violation types were fishing-lane violations (203 cases) and fishing-ground violations (156 cases). Moran’s I analysis produced a value of 0.1694, z-score of 2.3733, and pseudo p-value of 0.0237, indicating a statistically significant clustered pattern. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis identified significant hotspots in Maluku and North Maluku waters at the 95-99% confidence levels. The integration of hotspot analysis and MCDA classified Maluku and North Maluku waters as high-priority surveillance zones, North Sulawesi as a medium-priority zone, and West Papua as a low-priority zone. This study concludes that VMS data can support the identification of violation characteristics, hotspot mapping, and the development of risk-based fisheries surveillance in WPPNRI 715. Keywords: fisheries surveillance; Getis-Ord Gi*; IUU fishing; MCDA; Vessel Monitoring System; WPPNRI 715. Abstract.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik aktivitas penangkapan ikan berbasis data Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), mengidentifikasi pola spasial dan hotspot pelanggaran penangkapan ikan di WPPNRI 715, serta menyusun model pengelolaan pengawasan perikanan berbasis VMS dan hotspot pelanggaran. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis. Data yang dianalisis meliputi data VMS kapal penangkap ikan dan data pelanggaran penangkapan ikan periode 2022-2025 di WPPNRI 715. Tahapan analisis mencakup pembersihan dan validasi data, analisis karakteristik aktivitas berdasarkan wilayah, alat tangkap, ukuran kapal, dan jenis pelanggaran, analisis kepadatan Kernel Density Estimation, autokorelasi spasial Moran’s I, analisis hotspot Getis-Ord Gi*, serta penyusunan model pengawasan berbasis risiko dengan pendekatan Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 388 kejadian pelanggaran yang terkonsentrasi terutama di Perairan Maluku, Maluku Utara, dan Sulawesi Utara. Pelanggaran tertinggi terjadi pada 2024 sebanyak 193 kasus. Berdasarkan alat tangkap, pelanggaran didominasi pukat cincin pelagis kecil dengan satu kapal sebanyak 208 kasus, sedangkan berdasarkan ukuran kapal didominasi kapal 30-50 GT sebanyak 149 kasus dan 50-100 GT sebanyak 123 kasus. Jenis pelanggaran terbanyak adalah pelanggaran jalur penangkapan sebanyak 203 kasus dan daerah penangkapan ikan sebanyak 156 kasus. Analisis Moran’s I menghasilkan nilai 0,1694, z-score 2,3733, dan pseudo p-value 0,0237, yang menunjukkan pola pelanggaran mengelompok secara signifikan. Analisis Getis-Ord Gi* mengidentifikasi hotspot signifikan pada Perairan Maluku dan Maluku Utara dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95-99%. Integrasi hotspot dan MCDA menghasilkan prioritas pengawasan tinggi pada Perairan Maluku dan Maluku Utara, sedang pada Perairan Sulawesi Utara, dan rendah pada Perairan Papua Barat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa data VMS dapat digunakan sebagai dasar identifikasi karakteristik pelanggaran, pemetaan hotspot, dan penyusunan model pengawasan perikanan berbasis risiko di WPPNRI 715. Kata kunci: Getis-Ord Gi*; IUU fishing; MCDA; pengawasan perikanan; Vessel Monitoring System; WPPNRI 715.
Potential of Pangi Leaf Extract For Papaya Mealybug Control (Paracoccus marginatus) Juliet Merry Eva Mamahit; Vivi B. Montong; Sandra E. Pakasi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 10 No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.9149

Abstract

The use of smer plant extracts is one alternative in environmentally friendly pest control. This research generally aims to obtain a technology for controlling Paracoccus marginatus mealybug pests that is environmentally friendly and easily applied by farmers. This study aims to determine the formulation of vegetable insecticide extract of pangi leaves to control papaya mealybug P. marginatus. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University Manado. This research method used consisted of five treatments of pangi leaf extract dosage, namely: 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and control. Each treatment was tested on pest nymphs. P. marginatus. And each treatment was repeated 5 times. The results of the study showed that 40% pangi leaf extract had the highest percentage of daily mortality at 24% and 48%. The higher the concentration of pangi leaf extract formulation, the higher the killing power on mealybug P. marginatus.
Co-Authors Abas, Abdul Hawil Angelina Stevany Regina Masengi Balansa, Endrile Golmen BEIVY JONATHAN KOLONDAM Daniel Febrian Sengkey Dantje Tarore Deiske Adeliene Sumilat, Deiske Adeliene Edward Nangoy, Edward Jimmy Posangi Johnny Budiman Joshian N.W. Schaduw Kalangi, Patrice Nelson I Lefrand Manoppo Mambo, Christi Diana Marthen Theogives Lasut, Marthen Theogives Paulus, Teddy Feky Pertiwi, Junita Maja Roni Koneri Salaki, Christina Leta Sandra E. Pakasi TRINA EKAWATI TALLEI Vivi B. Montong Warouw, Finny Yulianty Sanggelorang