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Journal : Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS

Assessement of the Influence of Baking Fuel Types on the Residues of Some Heavy Metals in Selected Bread from Jalingo, Taraba State Tutuwa, Jummai Adamu; David, Bando Christopher; Tadawus, Rejoice Habila; Ifraimu, Daniel; Aigbogun, Blessing Smart; Nuhu, Imbasire; Jesse, Polly Shingu; Agbu, Tsoken Danji
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i1.2411

Abstract

Method of food processing and handling plays pivoted role in its contamination. This research was geared towards assessing the level at which food handling and production processes influence metallic contamination. Samples of flour and baked bread (electric or coal oven) were sourced from market and bread bakeries within Jalingo metropolis. Heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Iron, and Zinc) analysis of the samples was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Bread baked using coal oven were observed to show elevated level of metallic contamination over those baked using electric oven with Iron (Fe) showing a statistical significant increase at p<0.05 while Cadmium (Cd) was not detected in bread baked using both fuel source. Both electric and coal baked bread were analyzed to have more metallic deposition when compared to the flour. Although, the heavy metals contamination were within the range of FAO/WHO permissible limit but long term consumption of such food products could lead to bioaccumulation in the biological system and becomes injurious to health.
A Review of Phycoremediation of Heavy Metals in Industrial Waste Water Joseph, Ikwebe; David, Bando Christopher; Abershi, Ajiduku Leyoa
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i1.2660

Abstract

Environmental Pollutants such as heavy metals poised serious threat to biological systems. Heavy metals which could be natural or anthropogenic sourced are non-degradable pollutants and must be eliminated or reduced to certain quantity that is analytically presumed to be a safe limit before discharging into the environment to avoid injurious effects on biological systems. This review work showed the abilities of microalgae to biologically remove heavy metals from waste water through the process known as ‘Phycoremediation’. Phycoremediation of heavy metals with the help of microalgae takes place in two stages: Biosorption and Bioaccumulation. Microalgae such as Nannochloropsis oculata, Scenedesmus sp, Scenedesmus obtusus, Gracilaria corticata, Sarcodia suidae and Spirulina sp has been proven to phycoremediate; Pb, Cr, Hg, As, Cd, and Cu respectively. Therefore, this review work has shown that the microalgae are efficient biological vectors for heavy metal uptake.
Effect of Ethanolic Stem Extract of Nelsonia Canescens on Selected Biochemical Parameters in Male Wistar Rats Induced with Sodium Arsenite David, Bando Christopher; Tutuwa, Jummai Adamu; Tadawus, Rejoice Habila; Ogu, Emmanuel Odiba; Ifraimu, Daniel; Sunday, Oche Gabriel; Jesse, Polly Shingu; Agbu, Tsoken Danji
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i1.2777

Abstract

Medicinal plants are those that have curative qualities or have positive pharmacological effects on the human body. The effect of ethanolic stem extracts from Nelsonia canescens was studied in relation to Sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in wistar rats. Fresh stem extract of Nelsonia canescens were obtained behind rice mill area, Wukari, Taraba state and was shade dried at room temperature and was homogenized into powder and measured at 300g into 100ml of absolute ethanol for 72 hours. 15 healthy male rats of 70g to 90g weight were obtained from animal house Makurdi, Benue state. Animals from Group 1 were used as control. 5mg/kg body weight of Sodium arsenite was administered to Group 2 animals while animals in Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered with Nelsonia canescens ethanolic stem extracts 50 mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg as well. At the end of 3 weeks the animals were sacrificed and serum sample were collected and analysed using standard methods. The results indicate that, when compared to those who received Sodium arsenite, those who received ethanol stem extracts of Nelsonia canescens showed a comparatively considerable liver protection against Sodium arsenite -induced damage. The levels of biochemical parameters: Albumin, Total protein, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total bilirubin, Urea, Creatinine of rats administered with Sodium arsenite only was also observed. The Nelsonia canescens extract’s activity at 200mg/kg bw (higher dose) give a reasonable decrease in the amount of these liver enzymes. Deducing from study results, it indicates that Nelsonia canescens leaf extracts could be an effective agent in Sodium arsenite mediated liver toxicity in adult wistar rats and drug development.
Profitability and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Fish Production in Anambra State, Nigeria Beatrice, Onyekachukwu Ifeoma; Gabriel, Oche Sunday; Dahutu, David I.; Peace, Gambo H.; David, Bando Christopher
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i1.2778

Abstract

In recent decades the impact of agriculture towards achieving a sustainable economy in Nigeria cannot be under emphasized, though, in time past it has been a subject of several debates amongst development economists, food security and stability is key to the developmental economy of any nation thus, the need to investigate fish production and management in Abia state. Three (3) zone comprising of Awka zone, Onitsha zone and Aguata zone were investigated with a pooled sample inclusive as standard and the analysis was based on the following parameters: Socio-economic Characteristics of Fish farmers, Systems of Fish Production, Management and the Level of Fish Production Associated with the Fish Management Systems, Price of Fish and Net Return from Fish Production. The result obtained showed that fish farming is practiced by both male and female with 96.67% and 3.33% respectively; majority (24.17%) of the fish farmers are within the age bracket of 51-55 years, while 23.33%, 22.50%, 17.50%, 11.67% and 0.83% of the farmers are within the age brackets of 41-45, 51-60, 46-50, 36-40 and 31-35 years respectively; 100.00% of the farmers had basic formal education with an average of 6 years farming experience; 67.50% purchased the fingerlings stock, while 32.50% of them hatched their fingerlings; 60.00% of the farmers produce heterobranchus, 27.50% of them produced heterobranchus and clarias, while 12.50% of the farmers produced heterobranchus and tilapia; 12.50% of the farmers were below 40 years of age, signifying the need to empower and encourage the youth to go into fish farming. the mean output of a fish farmer per year in Awka, Onitsha and Aguata Zones are 3.88 tonnes, 3.81 tonnes and 3.35 tonnes of fish respectively with grand mean output of 3.71 tonnes in Anambra state. Since there is need to increase protein intake level of people of the state and nation in general, fish production has to be developed and all the constraints militating against its effective production be checked so as to meet up with the protein need of the people.
Antidiabetic Potential of Khaya Anthotheca Methanolic Leaves Extract in Streptozotocin Diabetes Induced Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa; David, Bando Christopher
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i2.3191

Abstract

This research evaluated antidibetic potential of methanolic leaves extracts of Khaya anthotheca in streptozotocin induced albino rats. Khaya anthotheca a member of Meliaceae family is traditionally used for treating several ailments. Diabetes is a chronic condition that develops when the pancreas is unable to secrete sufficient amounts of insulin or when the body fails to utilise the insulin that is produced. The leaves were harvested in Sukundi road Wukari and air dried for four weeks, the leaves were pulverized into powder using manual blender and stored in an air tight container. Extraction was done with absolute methanol; the extract was filtered using mesh and the filtrate was concentrated at 68oC. two grams of the filtrate were used for the study; the remainder was used to treat the animals. Using 40 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin, the animals were divided into 5 groups of 4 each. Following a fourteen-day course of treatment, the animals were sacrificed; the blood was drawn through heart puncture and tested for blood sugar using a glucometer. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Result of blood sugar level showed significant reduction in all the test groups (p<0.05) except group 2 which showed no significant reduction when compared to the normal control. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests the use of Khaya anthotheca as a diabetic agent and for treatment of diabetes. Further studies are needed to discover the bioactive constituent of the plant responsible for this anti-diabetic activity as well as other pharmacological activities in clinical trials.
GC-MS Profiling and Pathogenic Effect of Khaya Anthotheca Methanolic Leaves Extract on Some Selected Fungi Umaru, Isaac John; Shadrach, Philip; Adi, Godwin Baaku; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa; Akafa, Andes Tensaba; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; David, Bando Christopher
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i2.3192

Abstract

This research evaluated GC-MS profile, and pathogenic effect of methanolic leaves extracts of Khaya anthotheca on Some Selected fungi. Khaya anthotheca a member of Meliaceae family is traditionally used for treating several ailments. The leaves were harvested in Sukundi road Wukari and air dried for four weeks, the leaves were pulverized into powder using manual blender and stored in an air tight container. Extraction was done with absolute methanol; the extract was filtered using mesh and the filtrate was concentrated at 68oC. Only two grams of the filtrate were used for the GC-MS study. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. The GC-MS result revealed 50 constituents. Result of Methanolic extracts of leaves of Khaya anthotheca only showed significant activity against Aspergillus niger at dose100 µg/mL, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium at dose 500 µg/mL. This study supports the use of Khaya anthotheca by indigenous herbalists by providing scientific proof of the plant's ability to treat pothegenic diseases. To establish the effectiveness of this plant in the management of fungal effections, more clinical trials at the clinical levels are needed.