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All Journal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Seroja Husada: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Yuniarti , Rafita
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Formulasi sediaan patch dari ekstrak etanol daun laban (Vitex pinnata L.) sebagai antiinflamasi Rahmi , Ulfa; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Yuniarti , Rafita; Rani , Zulmai
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i1.749

Abstract

Laban leaves (Vitex pinnata L.) contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which have anti-inflammatory potential. This research aims to formulate laban leaves into an anti-inflammatory patch preparation for the back skin of mice induced by 3% carrageenan. Laban leaf simplicia was extracted using the maceration method using 96% ethanol, and patch preparations were made with varying extract concentrations of 5, 7.5, and 10%. The patch preparation is tested organoleptic, pH, weight uniformity, patch thickness, patch moisture, patch crease resistance, and irritation. The anti-inflammatory activity of the patch preparation was analyzed using the inflammatory associate edema method, namely measuring the anti-inflammatory effect using a caliper and 25 test animals, which were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control, positive control, and treatment group with a concentration of 5; 7.5; and 10% with 5 individuals each. The results of several tests that have been carried out are analyzed using the one-way ANOVA program. The results show the anti-inflammatory activity of laban leaves. There was no difference in the percentage of edema inhibition data on the back skin of mice between treatment groups. This shows that the anti-inflammatory patch preparation of Laban leaf extract (Vitex pinnata L.) has anti-inflammatory activity. The formula that provides the most potent anti-inflammatory activity is a patch preparation with an extract concentration of 10%. With an edema inhibition percentage of 59%. 
Penetapan kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat daun senggani (Melastoma candidum D.Don) secara spektrofotometri visibel Apmarja, Sarah Utami; Nasution, Muhammad Amin; Nasution , Haris Munandar; Yuniarti , Rafita
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i1.797

Abstract

Medicinal plants are natural sources that have antioxidant activity, characterized by the content of phenolic and flavonoid components in reducing free radicals which depends on the number of hydroxyl groups in their molecular structure. One of the plants that contain flavonoid compounds which have antioxidant activity is senggani leaves (Melastoma candidum D.Don). This research aimed to determine the chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract, to determine the total flavonoid value of the ethanol extract, the ethyl acetate fraction and the n-hexane fraction and to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, the ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction. The stages of this research include processing plant materials, making ethanol extract, making ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction, characterization examination, phytochemical screening, and determining the total flavonoid content of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction of senggani leaves using Visible and Spectrophotometric methods. Determination of the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction using different techniques, namely DPPH with ABTS. The results of phytochemical screening on simplicia powder and ethanol extract contained chemical compound groups such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. The results of determining the total flavonoid content in the ethanol extract of senggani leaves were 44.7805 ± 0.176606439 mgQE/g; In the ethyl acetate fraction, it was 48.421 ± 0 mgQE/g, and in the n-hexane fraction it was 31.491 ± 0.091844121 mgQE/g. The results of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method obtained an IC₅₀ value for the ethanol extract of 12.51 (μg/ml); in the ethyl acetate fraction of 9.42 (μg/ml); in the n-hexane fraction, it was 40.45 (μg/ml), and in the vitamin C standard it was 4.32 (μg/ml). Antioxidant results using the ABTS method obtained an IC₅₀ value for the ethanol extract of 8.21(μg/ml); in the ethyl acetate fraction of 5.93(μg/ml); in the n-hexane fraction, it was 23.35(μg/ml), and in the vitamin C odor it was 2.65(μg/ml).
Formulasi, Evaluasi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Sabun Padat Serbuk Nano Teh Celup Bekas Siregar , Misbah; Lubis , Minda Sari; Yuniarti , Rafita; Rani, Zulmai
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1055

Abstract

Background: Ideal soap should not only cleanse the skin but also contain substances that protect it from adverse effects, including those of free radicals, which can accelerate aging and cause other skin problems. Antioxidant compounds are needed to counteract free radicals. Used tea bags are a waste product that still contains antioxidant compounds. The use of nanotechnology is expected to enhance the stability and long-term effectiveness of cosmetic formulations, including soap. Objective: This study aimed to formulate a solid soap containing used nano tea bag powder, evaluate the physical characteristics of the soap, and test its antioxidant activity. Method: This research used a True Experimental method with a Post Test Only Control Group Design. The used tea bag powder sample was processed into nano powder using a Ball Mill. Solid soap was formulated in three variations: F0 (control without powder), F1 (containing 1.4% used tea bag powder), and F2 (containing 1.4% used nano tea bag powder). The soap preparations were then evaluated for their physical characteristics (organoleptic, pH, foam stability, hardness, cleaning power) and tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Results: The used tea bag powder was successfully converted into nano powder with an average particle size of 684.35 nm. Phytochemical screening results showed that both the powder and nano powder contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Evaluation of the solid soap showed that all formulas (F0, F1, F2) met the physical quality requirements. The antioxidant activity test yielded IC50 values for F0, F1, and F2 of 975.2861 µg/ml (very weak), 211.3533 µg/ml (very weak), and 168.3053 µg/ml (weak), respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the used tea bag powder meets the characteristics of nano powder. The solid soap formulation containing used nano tea bag powder meets physical quality requirements and demonstrates antioxidant activity, albeit in the weak category. The F2 formula (nano powder) showed better antioxidant activity than F1 (coarse powder) and F0 (control).
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksinasi Daun Tekelan (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) Serta Uji Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Parapat , Anjarlit Romiyuliana Br; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Yuniarti , Rafita; Rani , Zulmai
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1059

Abstract

Background: Tekelan leaf (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) is one of Indonesia's natural resources rich in bioactive compounds. Its traditional use for treating wounds, sore throats, diarrhea, and various other ailments is suspected to be linked to its antioxidant and antibacterial content. Objective: This research aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of tekelan leaves, and to test their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Method: The study used an experimental method. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and the results were expressed as IC₅₀ values. The antibacterial test against S. aureus and E. coli was conducted using the disc diffusion method, and the inhibitory power was measured based on the inhibition zone diameter (mm). Results: The antioxidant test results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction had strong activity with IC₅₀ values of 98.26 ppm and 75.43 ppm, respectively, while the n-hexane fraction showed weak activity (IC₅₀ 110.54 ppm). In the antibacterial test at a 40% concentration, the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction inhibited the growth of both bacteria with strong to very strong categories. The highest average inhibition zones against E. coli and S. aureus were 19.03 mm and 21.36 mm (ethanol extract), 10.56 mm and 12.13 mm (n-hexane fraction), and 13.60 mm and 15.40 mm (ethyl acetate fraction), respectively. This activity was still lower than the positive control chloramphenicol, which produced inhibition zones of 28.23 mm (E. coli) and 27.43 mm (S. aureus). Conclusion: It was concluded that the extract and ethyl acetate fraction of tekelan leaves have strong antioxidant activity, while the n-hexane fraction is classified as weak. All samples (extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction) showed strong antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, although they have not matched the effectiveness of chloramphenicol.
Konsentrasi Inhibitori Minimum dan Konsentrasi Fungisidal Minimum Ekstrak dan Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Terompet Emas (Allamanda cathartica L.) terhadap Malassezia furfur Sabila , Anisa; Rahayu , Yayuk Putri; Nasution , Haris Munandar; Yuniarti , Rafita
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1036

Abstract

Background: Fungal skin infections such as pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur remain a common health problem in tropical regions. Limitations of conventional antifungal therapy have encouraged the development of alternative agents derived from natural products. Golden trumpet leaves (Allamanda cathartica L.) contain flavonoids and iridoids with potential antifungal activity, and nanoparticle formulations are being developed to enhance the extracts’ effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the improvement of antifungal efficacy of the nanoparticle formulation of the ethanolic extract of golden trumpet leaves against Malassezia furfur by comparing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), and inhibition zone diameter with the conventional extract. Methods: This experimental study employed a posttest-only control group design. Treatment groups included ethanolic extract (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%) and nanoparticle extract (0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%). Nanoparticles were prepared using a high-pressure homogenizer and characterized with a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). MIC and MFC were determined using the broth dilution method, while antifungal activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 95% confidence level. Results: Nanoparticle characterization revealed a particle size of 367.51 nm. The MIC values for the extract and nanoparticles were 12.5% and 1.25%, respectively, while the MFC values were 50% and 5%, respectively. The highest inhibition zones for the extract and nanoparticles were 21.1 mm (50%) and 20.3 mm (5%), respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in inhibition zone diameters across concentrations for both extract forms. Conclusion: The nanoparticle formulation of the ethanolic extract of golden trumpet leaves significantly enhances antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur, demonstrating equivalent inhibitory effects at concentrations ten times lower than the conventional extract. These findings indicate the potential of nanoparticle-based formulations as promising antifungal candidates.
Co-Authors Anny Sartika Daulay Apmarja, Sarah Utami Fithri Pulungan, Ainil Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Haris Munandar Nasution Hutagalung , Septi Ratna Cempaka Lubis, Minda Sari Maghfirah , Dini Matondang , Fikriyah Hafni Meutia, Cut Muhammad Amin Nasution Nurliansyah, Nurliansyah Parapat , Anjarlit Romiyuliana Br Rahayu , Yayuk Putri Rahmi , Ulfa Ramadhan , Yusril Ridwanto Ridwanto Ritonga , Nur Sakina Sabila , Anisa Safitri , Nurhaliza Sindi, Sindi Siregar , Misbah Syahfitri , Adelya Zulmai Rani