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Active Sites Determination of Enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase 2 (ACS2) of Capsicum chinense using Modeling and In Silico Docking Pahlevi, Muhammad Rizza; Widhianata, Hani; Puspaningsih, Eunike Sri; Lestari, Juniarti Wulan; Sudibya, Eka; Suwasono, Prayitno Ribut; Habiburrahman , Novan
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/d1yzr175

Abstract

The growth of Chili pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacquin.) is affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress such as waterlogging increases the expression of ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) enzyme. This enzyme plays a great role in the process of ethylene biosynthesis and encoded by multiple genes. Waterlogging causes hypoxia condition. One of ACS enzymes that responds to hypoxia condition is ACS2. The different respond to hypoxia stress among plant was assumed to be caused by a different structure of the ACS2 enzyme. This study aimed to identify and confirm the active site of Capsicum chinense Jacquin ACS2  using modeling and in silico docking. The result of the three-dimensional (3D) structure modeling showed 91% similarity of Capsicum chinense Jacquin ACS2 with the structure of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The Capsicum chinense ACS2 confirmed five active sites that bind to the substrates asparagin396B, valine397B, thyrosine152B, threonine128B, and thyrosine92A. 
Fortification of Yogurt with Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera) on Quality and Quality as a Functional Food: A Review Azis, Rosidi; Lestari, Juniarti Wulan; Puspaningsih, Eunike Sri; Muqtafiah
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/3a431y62

Abstract

The incorporation of natural bioactive compounds into dairy products has gained increasing attention due to their potential to enhance nutritional value and functional properties. Moringa oleifera, commonly known as the drumstick tree, is a nutrient-dense plant rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals, making it a promising candidate for yoghurt fortification. This review evaluates the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on the physicochemical, microbiological, antioxidant, and sensory attributes of yoghurt. Data from recent studies (2014 - 2024) indicate that the addition of Moringa oleifera extract at concentrations up to 0.5% significantly improves total phenolic content, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays), water holding capacity (WHC), and viscosity, while maintaining acceptable pH levels and supporting probiotic viability. However, higher concentrations may lead to undesirable sensory characteristics such as astringency and greenish coloration, which can affect consumer acceptance. Optimization of extraction methods, fortification levels, and formulation strategies such as encapsulation or blending with other natural ingredients is recommended to balance functionality and sensory appeal. Overall, yoghurt fortified with Moringa oleifera extract demonstrates potential as a functional food with enhanced antioxidant properties and improved nutritional profile. Further research is needed to assess long-term stability and in vivo health benefits.