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Marine Organisms with Anti-Amyloid Effect Through Their Role as BACE1 Inhibitors for Preventive Effort in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review Putra, Made Raditya Arhya; Saputri, Legis Ocktaviana; Wicaksono, Teguh Budi; Nugraha, Kadek Nandita; Putri, Ajeng Ayu; Salsabila, Rika Kamila; Fidelia, Puspa Zalika
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7546

Abstract

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative condition characterized by the build-up of beta-amyloid proteins, resulting in a decline in cognitive abilities. β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) is known to play a role in the formation of beta-amyloid plaques. Thus, theoretically, inhibiting BACE1 can potentially prevent and slow down the accumulation of these plaques. This study is a literature review that compiles data from various research examining the inhibitory effects of compounds from marine organisms on the BACE1 enzyme. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the available literature to evaluate the potential of these compounds.  19 marine organisms and 40 compounds were identified with low IC50 values, five compounds with notably low IC50 values were identified: (1) 8,8’-Bieckol [1.62 µM] from Ecklonia cava, (2) Phlorofucofuroeckol A [2.13 µM] and (3a) Dieckol [2.21 µM] from Eisenia bicyclis, (4) bis-(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether [2.32 µM] from Symphyocladia latiuscula, (3b) another Dieckol [2.34 µM] also from Ecklonia cava and (5) Heparan sulfate [2.89 µM] from Portunus pelagicus. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of marine compounds as BACE1 inhibitors for AD. However, further research is needed to explore their bioavailability and clinical efficacy for practical application in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s Disease.
Nail Disorders in Systemic Diseases: A literatur Review Faranajhia, Hagia; Maolidi, Juan; Rabbani, Muhammad Afif; Agusta, A. A. Gede Agung Difa; Rizky, Muhammad Ilham; Madani, Ayda Fitri; Dwiputri, Adelya Rahma; Ramadhani, Dhea Asty; Zakiyyah, Luthfi; Putri, Ajeng Ayu; Amatullah, Tazkiyah Arafah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7606

Abstract

Nail disease is a disorder that affects the structure and health of human nails. Nail disease associated with systemic disease can occur in various age groups and populations. The prevalence and incidence vary depending on the associated systemic disease. The purpose of writing this article is to provide new insight into the importance of understanding and identifying abnormal nail conditions as an early clue to underlying systemic disease so that it can provide benefits in improving early detection, appropriate treatment, and holistic disease monitoring. This article will focus on examples such as clubbing finger, koilonychia, yellow nail, and Leukonychia which have links to systemic diseases or disorders. Data sources were taken by conducting an electronic search through library search sites including Google Scholar, ProQuest, MDPI, and PubMed to search for articles discussing "various nail disorders associated with systemic disease".
Literature Review: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Zakiyyah, Luthfi; Fauzan, Muhammad; Gifari, Lalu Maulana Azmi; Faranajhia, Hagia; Putri, Ajeng Ayu; Hermansyah, Anang; Arafah, Tazkiyah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7761

Abstract

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a type of primary liver cancer which is a fatal disease. Globally, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the dominant type of liver cancer, accounting for around 75% of the total incidence. HCC incidents are mostly found in Asia and Africa. In general, the causes of HCC include a history of hepatic cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection, autoimmune hepatitis, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, smoking, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and diabetes mellitus. There are three types of therapy including surgery, locoregional, and systemic. The therapy is also divided into invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive therapy. This literature review aims to facilitate the review of the Hepatocellular Carcinoma.  Scientific related questions, databases to be used, selection of keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria, definition of results and conclusions of selected articles are all elements included in this research search strategy. At the end e met some articles that fit the criteria and conclude that is a deadly disease with high mortality and morbidity because in the early stage HCC is generally asymptomatic.
Beyond Type 1 and Type 2: Literature Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis of Other Type Diabetes Mellitus Rabbani, Muhammad Afif; Dwiputri, Adelya Rahma; Putri, Ajeng Ayu; Difa, Anak Agung Gede Agung; Madani, Ayda Fitri; Ramadhani, Dhea Asty; Maolidi, Juan; Rizky, Muhammad Ilham; Faranajhia, Hagia; Zakiyyah, Luthfi; Amatullah, Tazkiyah Arafah; Susani, Yoga Pamungkas
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7890

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition that has been long known for its complexity, with type 1 and type 2 being the main focus on research and clinical practice for decades. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of other types of diabetes mellitus other than type 1 and type 2, focusing on recognizing the etiology, pathophysiology, and way of diagnosis for each type of unconventional diabetes mellitus. In addition, this review also includes the identification of risk factors that influence the development of the disease, potential complications, and disease prognosis to provide a comprehensive view of this condition, and finally, a preventive strategies that can be applied is also discussed. The literature search was performed using trusted databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar. The result of this literature review is that diagnosing other type of diabetes mellitus is still challenging, with most still require specific testing for precise diagnosis. Thus, understanding etiology and pathophysiology of this disease will aid in directing health practitioners on which specific testing is needed for patients.
Clinical Manifestation of Depression in Adolescent: A Literature Review Putri, Ajeng Ayu; Hermansyah, Anang; Faranajhia, Hagia; Gifari, Lalu Maulana Azmi; Zakiyyah, Luthfi; Fauzan, Muhammad; Amatullah, Tazkiyah Arafah; Adni, Azizatul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7943

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical phase in physical, cognitive and psychosocial development that can affect mental health. Depression is a major concern in this group, characterized by mood swings, loss of interest, and decreased energy. This article aims to review the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options of depression in adolescents. The method used was a literature review of various related studies. Results show that genetic factors, cognitive vulnerability, and environmental influences, such as family relationships and social media use, contribute to the emergence of depressive symptoms in adolescents. In addition, the increasing prevalence of cyberbullying correlates with high levels of emotional distress and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Treatment approaches include pharmacological interventions, especially SSRIs such as fluoxetine and escitalopram, as well as non-pharmacological therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and family-based psychosocial support. In conclusion, recognizing and effectively treating depression in adolescents is critical to improving long-term outcomes and building their mental resilience.