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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia / Indonesian Health Scientific Journal The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy
Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Effectiveness of Combination Therapy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy with Lenvatinib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Putri, Alifia Sabira; Nuriasti, Rovera; Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia; Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy; Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Prawira, Yoga; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Budyono, Catarina
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 26, No 2 (2025): VOLUME 26, NUMBER 2, August, 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/2622025168-175

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and has a high mortality rate, especially in advanced stages. Treatment of advanced HCC remains a significant challenge due to limited effective therapeutic options. This study examines the effectiveness of combining Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) and Lenvatinib in advanced HCC patients. SBRT is a high-precision radiation technique that allows high-dose irradiation of tumor targets with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissues. At the same time, Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor that inhibits several critical molecular pathways in angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. The results showed that the combination of SBRT and Lenvatinib significantly improved overall survival (OS) by reducing the risk of death by 63%, progression-free survival (PFS) reduced the risk of tumor progression by 67%, intrahepatic tumor progression-free survival (IHPFS) showed a decrease of 71%, objective remission rate (ORR) was also higher in the combination group (56.8%), and disease control rate (DCR) of 91.9% which was higher than the use of Lenvatinib alone. However, this combination therapy also carries a higher risk of side effects, including hypertension and diarrhea, which require close monitoring and dose adjustment. This study suggests combining SBRT and Lenvatinib may be a more practical approach to treating advanced HCC. However, the treatment strategy needs to be tailored to the patient's condition to minimize the risk of toxicity.
Clinical and Epidemiological Overview of Influenza: A Literature Review Rifki, Muhammad; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10278

Abstract

Influenza is an acute contagious respiratory infection that remains a major global health concern due to its high transmissibility and ability to undergo genetic variations through antigenic drift and shift. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, management, complications, and preventive strategies of influenza based on recent scientific evidence. A narrative review method was employed by analyzing publications from 2008 to 2025, sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “influenza,” “respiratory infection,” “antiviral therapy,” and “influenza vaccination.” The findings show that influenza affects approximately one billion people globally each year, with 3–5 million severe cases and 290,000–650,000 respiratory deaths, particularly among vulnerable groups including children, the elderly, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic diseases. The infection is caused by influenza viruses type A, B, C, and D, with type A being the most associated with epidemics and pandemics. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment supported by RT-PCR as the gold standard, while neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir remain the mainstay of therapy when administered early. Annual vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure, complemented by non-pharmacological interventions such as hand hygiene, mask use, and respiratory etiquette. In conclusion, strengthening surveillance systems, improving vaccination coverage, and enhancing early diagnostic capacity are essential strategies to reduce the global burden of influenza and its complications.
Behavioral and Physiological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): A Literature Review Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Nuriasti, Rovera; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Dwiandika, Rizki Ary; Mahardika, Agustine
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10291

Abstract

Dementia is a progressive syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, impacting daily functioning. Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD), including sleep disturbances, hallucinations, delusions, apathy, depression, and agitation, are prevalent in over 90% of patients, further exacerbating their quality of life and increasing caregiver burden. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in managing BPSD, focusing on non-pharmacological methods such as cognitive therapy and social stimulation. Data was collected through a comprehensive review of recent studies, analyzing interventions and their outcomes in reducing BPSD symptoms. The findings reveal that non-pharmacological approaches are more effective in reducing agitation and depression, with cognitive therapy showing up to 75% effectiveness. In contrast, pharmacological treatments, though useful for acute symptoms, offer limited long-term benefits. The research underscores the need for integrated, evidence-based approaches, combining medical and psychosocial support to improve patient care and alleviate caregiver stress. These findings suggest the importance of adopting holistic management strategies, particularly those that reduce isolation and enhance social interaction, in the long-term care of dementia patients.
Clinical Status Asthmaticus as a Respiratory Emergency: Management in Pediatric and Adult Populations Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Nursiain, Aziza Chantiqka Aulia; Wardana, Shira Putri; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10780

Abstract

Status asthmaticus is a life-threatening acute asthma exacerbation that fails to respond to initial standard therapy and requires prompt, protocol-based emergency care. This article aims to determine the clinical status of asthma as a respiratory emergency: management in pediatric and adult populations. The article was compiled using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, combining current evidence and clinical guideline recommendations regarding the management of status asthmaticus in pediatric and adult populations. Status asthmaticus is a form of severe asthma exacerbation that is an emergency because it can lead to respiratory arrest and death if not treated promptly. Patients generally present with complaints of progressive shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, and signs of respiratory failure such as tachypnea, accessory muscle retractions, and in severe cases, decreased consciousness. Symptoms in children are usually more dramatic due to narrower airways, while in adults the main risks are respiratory muscle fatigue and ventilation complications. Initial management includes airway stabilization, oxygen administration, and immediate initiation of a short-acting bronchodilator (nebulized beta-agonist/MDI). If improvement does not occur, inhaled anticholinergics and systemic corticosteroids are added. Thus, in both children and adults, status asthmaticus requires early recognition, rapid treatment, and close evaluation until the condition is fully stabilized. Continuous monitoring with pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas analysis is emphasized as essential for detecting deterioration. Early recognition and rapid escalation following standard emergency pathways are crucial to reducing morbidity and mortality in both age groups.
Obstruksi Saluran Napas Atas Tsania Zulfa Salsabila; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Muhammad Rifki
Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Aufa Royhan Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Vol. 10 No. 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Aufa Royhan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51933/health.v10i2.2245

Abstract

Obstruksi saluran napas atas (upper airway obstruction) merupakan kondisi gawat darurat medis yang ditandai dengan adanya hambatan aliran udara mulai dari rongga hidung hingga laring dan trakea bagian atas. Keadaan ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti infeksi, trauma, benda asing, maupun tumor. Manifestasi klinis mencakup kesulitan bernapas, perubahan suara, stridor, nyeri menelan, hingga sianosis dan penurunan kesadaran pada kasus berat. Diagnosis ditegakkan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Penatalaksanaan terdiri dari tindakan medikamentosa dan non-medikamentosa. Komplikasi dapat berupa gangguan pernapasan, pneumonia, hingga henti jantung jika tidak tertangani. Prognosis sangat bergantung pada penyebab, usia pasien, dan kecepatan intervensi; kasus akibat infeksi umumnya memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan yang disebabkan keganasan. Tujuan penulisan artikel untuk membahas penyebab terjadinya sumbatan jalan napas dan penanganan sumbatan jalan napas. Studi penelitian menggunakan metode literature review. Literature didapatkan dari database PubMed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa deteksi dini dan penanganan segera merupakan faktor kunci dalam menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien obstruksi jalan napas atas. Obstruksi jalan napas atas merupakan keadaan yang perlu dikenali secara cepat, karena diagnosis dan penanganan dini sangat menentukan keberhasilan terapi serta mencegah komplikasi yang mengancam jiwa. Upper airway obstruction is a medical emergency characterized by impaired airflow from the nasal cavity to the larynx and upper trachea. This condition can be caused by various factors such as infection, trauma, foreign bodies, or tumors. Clinical manifestations include breathing difficulties, voice changes, stridor, painful swallowing, cyanosis, and decreased consciousness in severe cases. Diagnosis is established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting investigations. Management consists of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Complications may include respiratory distress, pneumonia, and even cardiac arrest if left untreated. Prognosis largely depends on the underlying cause, patient age, and timeliness of intervention; cases due to infection generally have better outcomes compared to those caused by malignancy. The aim of this article is to discuss the causes of upper airway obstruction and its management. This study used a literature review method, with 18 scientific articles as references. Literature sources were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, medical journal, and textbooks. The findings indicate that early detection and prompt management are key factors in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with upper airway obstruction. This condition must be recognized quickly, as early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for therapeutic success and for preventing life-threatening complications.
Co-Authors Catarina Budyono, Catarina Dwiandika, Rizki Ary Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul Mahardika, Agustine Maudina, Baiq Zaskia Muhammad Rifki Muhammad Rifki Nuriasti, Rovera Nursiain, Aziza Chantiqka Aulia Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah Prawira, Yoga Putri, Alifia Sabira Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah Ramadhan, Panji Sena Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa Tsania Zulfa Salsabila Wardana, Shira Putri