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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education
Athalia, Ihza Namira
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Understanding Precocious Puberty: When Childhood Ends Too Soon Muliana, Atriska Citra; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Mertasari, Baiq Merna; Josafat, Gantha Narendra; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; As Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Ajmala, Indana Eva
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10337

Abstract

Precocious puberty is an endocrine disorder characterized by the premature development of secondary sexual characteristics, defined as occurring before the age of 8 in girls and 9 in boys. This literature review aims to understand precocious puberty: when childhood ends too soon. The article was compiled using a literature review method. Data were obtained through a search of various scientific sources, including international and national journals, textbooks, and clinical guidelines from the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI). Central precocious puberty, most often idiopathic in girls but associated with underlying pathology in boys, is caused by premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, while the peripheral form is caused by excess sex steroid production independent of gonadotropin stimulation. Clinical manifestations include early breast development, testicular enlargement, rapid linear growth, acne, and the early appearance of pubic or axillary hair. Diagnosis relies on a combination of careful history taking, physical examination, hormonal testing, bone age assessment, and imaging studies such as pelvic ultrasound or cranial MRI when indicated. Management strategies vary based on etiology, with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists being the standard treatment for central precocious puberty, while surgical or medical therapy is used for peripheral causes. In conclusion, precocious puberty is a childhood health issue of increasing concern due to its increasing global incidence. This condition not only impacts accelerated bone maturation and potential short stature in adulthood, but also impacts the child's psychological well-being and causes emotional distress to the family.
Case Study of Bilateral Ureteral Stones Complicated by Acute Kidney Injury in a 52-Year-Old Female Patient Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Muliana, Atriska Citra; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Sari, Baiq Merna Merta; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As; Josafat, Gantha Narendra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10344

Abstract

Bilateral ureteral stones are a rare clinical manifestation of renal colic, obstructing urine flow, and can cause severe acute kidney injury (AKI) within hours. This case study aims to provide information regarding the diagnosis and management of bilateral ureteral stones causing acute kidney injury in a 52-year-old female patient. This case study uses a descriptive method to describe the current situation, for further analysis and interpretation. Based on anamnesis and physical examination, the patient was diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stage 3 with a differential diagnosis of Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (ACKD) stage 4. This condition is caused by urinary tract obstruction due to bilateral ureterolithiasis (stones in both ureters) and proximal right ureteral stenosis, which inhibits urine flow and worsens kidney function acutely and chronically. Complaints of right and left abdominal pain, as well as a history of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and hypertension, support the formation of stones in the urinary tract. The conclusion is that the patient Wirni/P/52 years old/AKI stage 3 dd ACKD stage 4 dt obstructive uropathy + ureterolithiasis infection + normocytic normochromic anemia dt chronic disease + bilateral ureteral stones + right proximal ureteral stenosis.
Pseudocyesis: From Psycho-Social Conflict to Somatic Reality, A Literature Review Athalia, Ihza Namira; Yuar, Alana Akmal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10539

Abstract

Pseudocyesis or pseudopregnancy is a psychosomatic condition that can occur in certain extreme situations when mental anguish, neuroendocrine malfunction, and social stress intersect. Pseudocyesis is often associated with affective disorders such as major depressive disorder, which can modulate the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. This literature review aims to comprehensively discuss the basic concept of pseudocyesis, its etiology and pathophysiology, its relationship to depression and socio-cultural factors, and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management in understanding this phenomenon as a complex biopsychosocial disorder. This article was written using the Literature Review method and compiled with the PRISMA approach. Pseudocyesis is still reported to be quite common in developing countries, particularly in rural communities in Africa and Asia. Pseudocyesis occurs due to several factors, including psychological and hormonal, as well as social and cultural factors. The pathophysiology of pseudocyesis lies in dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) axis, which is the primary control system for the female reproductive cycle. Women with pseudocyesis exhibit an endocrine profile that shares many similarities with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Major Depressive Disorder. The most commonly reported symptoms include menstrual disorders such as amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation) or oligomenorrhea (irregular menstrual cycles), morning sickness, vomiting, and weight gain. Pseudocyesis can be managed through a combination of supportive psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and psychoanalytic therapy. Furthermore, family involvement, especially the partner, in the therapy process plays a vital role.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Etiology, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikaila, Romy Healthy; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10589

Abstract

The Philadelphia chromosome is a hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), a hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) that creates the oncogenic fusion gene BCR-ABL1, which persistently activates tyrosine kinase and encourages unchecked myeloid cell proliferation. This literature review aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CML based on recent studies. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and official institutional websites using the keywords “Chronic Myeloid Leukemia,” “Philadelphia chromosome,” and “BCR-ABL1.” CML accounts for approximately 15–20% of all leukemia cases and progresses through three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene constitutively activates multiple oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and RAS/RAF, leading to enhanced proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Diagnosis is established through hematologic examination and molecular testing using PCR or FISH for BCR-ABL1 detection. The mainstay treatments include tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, with stem cell transplantation reserved for advanced cases. With early diagnosis and appropriate therapy, overall survival exceeds 80% at eight years. In conclusion, CML is a chronic hematologic malignancy driven by BCR-ABL1, and advances in molecular-targeted therapy have transformed it into a manageable chronic disease with significantly improved patient outcomes.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SKIN AGING: ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATION, AND DERMAL REMODELING Sari, Baiq Merna Merta; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Muliana, Atriska Citra; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Josafat, Gantha Narendra; Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Abstract

The skin, as the largest organ of the human body, plays a vital role in protecting the internal systems from external environments. As age increases, the skin undergoes two types of aging: intrinsic, caused by genetic and hormonal factors, and extrinsic, due to environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and pollution. The aging process is characterized by a decrease in fibroblasts, which are responsible for producing collagen and elastin, leading to a reduction in skin strength and elasticity. Oxidative stress resulting from the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to DNA damage and triggers inflammatory responses that accelerate aging, manifesting as wrinkles and sagging skin. Chronic inflammation, induced by ROS, further supports premature aging by increasing inflammatory substances that cause redness and irritation of the skin. Additionally, dermal remodeling is a physiological process essential for maintaining healthy skin. Still, it can become pathological if there is an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, thereby hastening signs of aging such as wrinkles and sagging skin. In efforts to combat skin aging, several pharmacological aspects, such as topical therapies using sunscreens, retinoids, and alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), have proven effective. Furthermore, systemic antioxidant supplementation also contributes to skin condition improvement. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of skin aging, the importance of skincare, and therapeutic strategies to counteract premature aging.
GUNSTOCK DEFORMITY OF THE ELBOW: CLINICAL FEATURES, BIOMECHANICS, AND CURRENT TREATMENT STRATEGIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW Athalia, Ihza Namira; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Muliana, Atriska Citra; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Sari, Baiq Merna Merta; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Josafat, Gantha Narendra; Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Abstract

Gunstock deformity, also known as cubitus varus, is a common complication that arises after supracondylar humerus fractures in children, primarily due to malunion of the bone. This condition results in an inward deviation of the forearm when the elbow is in full extension, creating a pronounced change in contour that can significantly impact biomechanical function and the quality of life of the patient. Common clinical symptoms include pain on the lateral side of the elbow, limited range of motion, and joint instability, particularly associated with ulnar neuropathy. Diagnosis is established through physical examination and radiological imaging to identify the angle of deviation and malalignment. Management of this deformity varies based on severity, ranging from observation in mild cases to surgical interventions like osteotomy in more severe cases. Common corrective techniques include lateral closing wedge osteotomy and dome osteotomy, aimed at restoring anatomical alignment and preventing long-term complications. Postoperative rehabilitation is crucial for regaining joint function and muscle strength. Long-term prognosis is generally good; however, it requires appropriate management to avoid complications like joint stiffness and ulnar neuropathy. A comprehensive approach encompassing diagnosis, deformity correction, and rehabilitation is essential for achieving optimal functional outcomes.
Co-Authors Ajmala, Indana Eva As Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy Aulia, Rashieka Salma Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila Hasanah, Mielosita Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana Josafat, Gantha Narendra Mertasari, Baiq Merna Mikaila, Romy Healthy Muliana, Atriska Citra Nitzana, Lale Nubya Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma Prasetya, Rangga Cahya Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto Sari, Baiq Merna Merta Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina Yuar, Alana Akmal