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Athalia, Ihza Namira
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Understanding Precocious Puberty: When Childhood Ends Too Soon Muliana, Atriska Citra; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Mertasari, Baiq Merna; Josafat, Gantha Narendra; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; As Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Ajmala, Indana Eva
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10337

Abstract

Precocious puberty is an endocrine disorder characterized by the premature development of secondary sexual characteristics, defined as occurring before the age of 8 in girls and 9 in boys. This literature review aims to understand precocious puberty: when childhood ends too soon. The article was compiled using a literature review method. Data were obtained through a search of various scientific sources, including international and national journals, textbooks, and clinical guidelines from the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI). Central precocious puberty, most often idiopathic in girls but associated with underlying pathology in boys, is caused by premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, while the peripheral form is caused by excess sex steroid production independent of gonadotropin stimulation. Clinical manifestations include early breast development, testicular enlargement, rapid linear growth, acne, and the early appearance of pubic or axillary hair. Diagnosis relies on a combination of careful history taking, physical examination, hormonal testing, bone age assessment, and imaging studies such as pelvic ultrasound or cranial MRI when indicated. Management strategies vary based on etiology, with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists being the standard treatment for central precocious puberty, while surgical or medical therapy is used for peripheral causes. In conclusion, precocious puberty is a childhood health issue of increasing concern due to its increasing global incidence. This condition not only impacts accelerated bone maturation and potential short stature in adulthood, but also impacts the child's psychological well-being and causes emotional distress to the family.
Case Study of Bilateral Ureteral Stones Complicated by Acute Kidney Injury in a 52-Year-Old Female Patient Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto; Muliana, Atriska Citra; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Sari, Baiq Merna Merta; Aulia, Rashieka Salma; Prasetya, Rangga Cahya; Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As; Josafat, Gantha Narendra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10344

Abstract

Bilateral ureteral stones are a rare clinical manifestation of renal colic, obstructing urine flow, and can cause severe acute kidney injury (AKI) within hours. This case study aims to provide information regarding the diagnosis and management of bilateral ureteral stones causing acute kidney injury in a 52-year-old female patient. This case study uses a descriptive method to describe the current situation, for further analysis and interpretation. Based on anamnesis and physical examination, the patient was diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stage 3 with a differential diagnosis of Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (ACKD) stage 4. This condition is caused by urinary tract obstruction due to bilateral ureterolithiasis (stones in both ureters) and proximal right ureteral stenosis, which inhibits urine flow and worsens kidney function acutely and chronically. Complaints of right and left abdominal pain, as well as a history of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and hypertension, support the formation of stones in the urinary tract. The conclusion is that the patient Wirni/P/52 years old/AKI stage 3 dd ACKD stage 4 dt obstructive uropathy + ureterolithiasis infection + normocytic normochromic anemia dt chronic disease + bilateral ureteral stones + right proximal ureteral stenosis.
Pseudocyesis: From Psycho-Social Conflict to Somatic Reality, A Literature Review Athalia, Ihza Namira; Yuar, Alana Akmal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10539

Abstract

Pseudocyesis or pseudopregnancy is a psychosomatic condition that can occur in certain extreme situations when mental anguish, neuroendocrine malfunction, and social stress intersect. Pseudocyesis is often associated with affective disorders such as major depressive disorder, which can modulate the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. This literature review aims to comprehensively discuss the basic concept of pseudocyesis, its etiology and pathophysiology, its relationship to depression and socio-cultural factors, and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management in understanding this phenomenon as a complex biopsychosocial disorder. This article was written using the Literature Review method and compiled with the PRISMA approach. Pseudocyesis is still reported to be quite common in developing countries, particularly in rural communities in Africa and Asia. Pseudocyesis occurs due to several factors, including psychological and hormonal, as well as social and cultural factors. The pathophysiology of pseudocyesis lies in dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) axis, which is the primary control system for the female reproductive cycle. Women with pseudocyesis exhibit an endocrine profile that shares many similarities with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Major Depressive Disorder. The most commonly reported symptoms include menstrual disorders such as amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation) or oligomenorrhea (irregular menstrual cycles), morning sickness, vomiting, and weight gain. Pseudocyesis can be managed through a combination of supportive psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and psychoanalytic therapy. Furthermore, family involvement, especially the partner, in the therapy process plays a vital role.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Etiology, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikaila, Romy Healthy; Athalia, Ihza Namira; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10589

Abstract

The Philadelphia chromosome is a hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), a hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) that creates the oncogenic fusion gene BCR-ABL1, which persistently activates tyrosine kinase and encourages unchecked myeloid cell proliferation. This literature review aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CML based on recent studies. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and official institutional websites using the keywords “Chronic Myeloid Leukemia,” “Philadelphia chromosome,” and “BCR-ABL1.” CML accounts for approximately 15–20% of all leukemia cases and progresses through three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene constitutively activates multiple oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and RAS/RAF, leading to enhanced proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Diagnosis is established through hematologic examination and molecular testing using PCR or FISH for BCR-ABL1 detection. The mainstay treatments include tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, with stem cell transplantation reserved for advanced cases. With early diagnosis and appropriate therapy, overall survival exceeds 80% at eight years. In conclusion, CML is a chronic hematologic malignancy driven by BCR-ABL1, and advances in molecular-targeted therapy have transformed it into a manageable chronic disease with significantly improved patient outcomes.
Co-Authors Ajmala, Indana Eva As Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy Aulia, Rashieka Salma Hairy, Fathinah Salsabila Hasanah, Mielosita Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana Josafat, Gantha Narendra Mertasari, Baiq Merna Mikaila, Romy Healthy Muliana, Atriska Citra Nitzana, Lale Nubya Patandianan, Firdaus Kamma Prasetya, Rangga Cahya Putri, Imey Pinasty Harianto Sari, Baiq Merna Merta Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As Yuar, Alana Akmal