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MORPHOSYNTACTIC OF STUDENTS’ WRITING THROUGH SOCIOLINGUISTICS APPROACH IN A HIGHER ISLAMIC EDUCATION Inayatul Mukarromah
Qolamuna : Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : STIS MIFTAHUL ULUM LUMAJANG PRESS (STISMU PRESS)

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Abstract The purpose of this research is to examine of writing, morphology, syntax and also sociolinguistics, especially to the micro and macro linguistics competences to their writing. This method used the combination method of design based research. It is used the theory of Hodley and Reeves The finding result is that 75 % until 85 % students needed material design. More than 60 % students still get mistakes to their writing included inflection and most of them are still less of their knowledge and experience related to the sociolinguistics aspects. The conclusion is that material design is a good solution to assist and overcome students’ writing ability. Keywords : Morphosyntactic, sociolinguistics, inflection, Writing, Material Design

الخطاء اللغوي: التدخل في التعبير الشفوي لدى الطلاب بمركز اللغة العربية في المعهد القادري الإسلامي جمبر M.Hari Zakiyudin; Inayatul Mukarromah; Nur Hasan
FASHOHAH Vol 2, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Fakultas Agama Islam

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Arabic learners often encounter obstacles in the form of interference from their mother tongue or the first language they master. This is one of the consequences of using the mother tongue too often in daily conversation and is included as one of the language errors. This study aims to (1) determine the process of language interference in Arabic against students in the Arabic language learning center area at the Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School Jember, (2) find out the types of language interference. This research uses descriptive qualitative research to get the results the researcher wants. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 types of language interference, namely: arrangement interference, morphological interference (prefix-infic-suffix) and syntactic interference (grammatical).

Ø§Ù„Ø®Ø·Ø§Ø¡ Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºÙˆÙŠ: Ø§Ù„ØªØ¯Ø®Ù„ ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„ØªØ¹Ø¨ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ø´ÙÙˆÙŠ Ù„Ø¯Ù‰ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ù„Ø§Ø¨ Ø¨Ù…Ø±ÙƒØ² Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠØ© ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ù‡Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø§Ø¯Ø±ÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù…ÙŠ Ø¬Ù…Ø¨Ø± M.Hari Zakiyudin; Inayatul Mukarromah; Nur Hasan
Fashohah : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Vol 2 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Fakultas Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/fsh.v2i1.14362

ABSTRACT Arabic learners often encounter obstacles in the form of interference from their mother tongue or the first language they master. This is one of the consequences of using the mother tongue too often in daily conversation and is included as one of the language errors. This study aims to (1) determine the process of language interference in Arabic against students in the Arabic language learning center area at the Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School Jember, (2) find out the types of language interference. This research uses descriptive qualitative research to get the results the researcher wants. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 types of language interference, namely: arrangement interference, morphological interference (prefix-infic-suffix) and syntactic interference (grammatical).

Language Variations for Tourism Sectors around of English and Dutch Colonial Buildings: Sociolinguistics and Ethnolinguistics Studies Inayatul Mukarromah; Sitti Zulaihah
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Ranah: jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v12i1.4666

The purpose of this research is to know the language variations through Sociolingustics and ethnolinguistics studies in the English heritage and colonial building areas. The approach used in this research is qualitative. The strategy of in this research designed by combining the qualitative research design from Lincoln (2003) with the descriptive qualitative research design from Permadi (2013). The research results in the emergence of code-mixing and code-switching in society. There are several languages are spread in those cultural heritage, such as: Chinese, Melayu, Arabic, Bugis, Maduresse and Indonesia. While, Banyuwangi has Oseng Language.Thus, the conclusion that it is necessary to understand the potential of the language used in society. In this case, not only the text but its use in social and cultural contexts because language does not only depend on its social aspects in the sense of how language is used in social contexts and culture but then how language finally can be an additinaol potention to support colonial tourism destination in Banyuwangi. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi bahasa melalui pendekatan sosiolingusitik dan ethnolingusitik di Kawasan cagar budaya Inggrisan dan dua bangunan kolonial. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Strategi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dirancang dengan mengkomibansi antara desain penelitian kualitatif dari Lincoln (2003) dan desain kualitatif deskriptif Permadi (2013). Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa terdapat campur kode dan alih kode dalam kehidupan di masyarakat. Ada beberapa bahasa yang tersebar dalam warisan budaya tersebut, seperti: Cina, Melayu, Arab, Bugis, Madura dan Indonesia. Dengan demikian, kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah perlunya memahami potensi bahasa yang digunakan dalam masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, bukan hanya teksnya tetapi penggunaannya dalam konteks sosial dan budaya karena bahasa tidak hanya bergantung pada aspek sosial dan budaya saja tetapi bagaimana bahasa kemudian bisa dijadikan sebagai potensi tambahan untuk menunjang destinasi pariwisata kolonial di Banyuwangi.

Pengembangan Pariwisata Melalui Pokdarwis dalam Persepektif Ethnolinguitik di Desa Tambong Kecamatan Kabat Kabupaten Banyuwangi Inayatul Mukarromah; Habbibatur Rohmah
Ngarsa: Journal of Dedication Based on Local Wisdom Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Ngarsa: Journal of Dedication Based on Local Wisdom
Publisher : LP2M UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/ngarsa.v3i1.313

Fakta Secara Empiris bahwa rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pariwisata sehingga mereka tidak tertarik untuk mengembangkan potensi wisata di desanya. Masyarakat belum bisa memahami bahwa dengan mengembangkan potensi wisata di desanya bisa memberikan dampak positif bagi perekonomian mereka. Tujuan dalam penelitian yaitu Pengembangan Pariwisata Melalui Pokdarwis Di Desa Tambong Kecamatan Kabat Kabupaten Banyuwangi Pendekatan Ethnolinguitik Di Masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan model Ethnolinguitik. Pendekatan etnolinguistik adalah pendekatan yang dilakukan dimana peneliti juga terkadang tinggal di desa Tambong, berkumpul dengan warga, berdiskusi dengan bahasa oseng yang mereka gunakan dalam kesehariannya , mengikuti rutinitas warga dan lainnya. Terdapat tiga kesimpulan antara lain; 1) Langkah Pokdarwis desa Tambong dalam mengembangkan desa wisata yaitu mengadakan adannya pendampingan khusus baik dari Pokdarwis Desa Tambong, Asosiasi Pokdarwis Kabupaten, Disbudpar kabupaten yang membidangi ekonomi kreatif dan destinasi serta budaya, pendampingan dengan para akademisi dari dosen yang kompeten. Pendampingan akademisi dilaksanakan melalui MOU antara desa dan lembaga perguruan Tinggi yang dituju. 2) Hambatan Pokdarwis dalam pengembangan desa wisata di desa Tambong antara lain; a) belum terlaksana pembangunan destinasi wisata secara maksimal, b) kurang solidnya kepengurusan Pokdarwis itu sendiri, c) belum adanya kematangan dan kedewasaan dalam berorganisasi, d) terlalu banyak konsep yang diwacanakan untuk membangun desa wisata sehingga lokus utama untuk pembanguan destinasi wisata baik jangka pendek, menengah, panjang belum jelas, e) minimnya SDM masyarakat terhadap kesadaran wisata, f) belum adanya Perdes yang mengikat untuk menguatkan keorganisasian Pokdarwis, 3) Upaya yang dilakukan Pokdarwis dalam menghadapi hambatan pengembangan destinasi wisata adalah menjalin kolaborasi dengan para pengusaha-pengusaha kelompok ekonomi mikro, para petani, pengrajin yang berada di desa setempat, investor lainnya, pemerintah, masyarakat serta Perguruan Tinggi. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Pariwista; Pokdarwis Ethnolinguistic The empirical fact is that the community has low knowledge about tourism, so they are not interested in developing tourism potential in their village. People have not been able to understand that developing tourism potential in their village can have a positive impact on their economy. The research aims to develop Tourism through Pokdarwis in Tambong Village Kabat District Banyuwangi Ethnolinguitik approach in the community. This study used qualitative methods. This research approach uses an ethnographic approach with an Ethnolinguistic model. The ethnolinguistic approach is an approach that is done where researchers also sometimes live in Tambong village, gather with residents, discuss using language they use in their daily lives, and follow the routine of residents and others. There are three conclusions among others: 1) step Pokdarwis Tambong Village in developing village tourism is to hold special assistance from Pokdarwis Tambong Village, Pokdarwis District Association, Disbudpar district in charge of creative economy and destinations as well as culture, assistance with academics from competent lecturers. Academic service is carried out through an MOU between the village and the intended higher education institution. 2) Pokdarwis obstacles in the development of tourist villages in Tambong village, among others; a) the development of tourist destinations has not been implemented to the maximum, b) the lack of solid management of the Pokdarwis itself, c) the lack of maturity and maturity in organization, d) too many concepts are discussed to build tourist villages so that the primary locus for the development of tourist destinations in the short, medium, long term is not precise, e) the lack of, 3) the efforts made by Pokdarwis in dealing with obstacles to the development of tourist destinations are to collaborate with entrepreneurs from microeconomic groups, farmers, artisans in local villages, other investors, governments, communities and universities. Keywords: Tourism Development; Pokdarwis; Ethnolinguistic

Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly melalui pendekatan sosiolinguistik Asshiddiqi, Akhmad Irsyad; Mukarromah, Inayatul
Aksara: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 24, No 1 (2023): AKSARA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/aksara/v24i1.pp72-84

The purpose of writing this article is to describe the process of forming the language environment in Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly from a sociolinguistic perspective and describe the inhibiting factors for the formation of a linguistic environment in Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly from the perspective of behavioral learning theory. In this writing, the writer uses a qualitative approach with descriptive writing types. There are three data collection tools used, namely: interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of writing are as follows: 1) The process of forming a language environment in Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly in terms of sociolinguistics consists of memorizing vocabulary and assembling it into sentences, and getting used to using language in everyday life. 2) The inhibiting factors for the formation of the linguistic environment in Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly in terms of sociolinguistics are environmental conditions that are still not supportive, many student activities are carried out outside the mahad. The author's suggestion for Mahad Sunan Ampel Al-Aly is that in order for the formation of the language environment to be more optimal, it is necessary to hold penalties for students who do not follow the rules that have been set. because basically language learning based on speaking skills depends on the habits of students to speak, a teacher must force his students to speak the language being studied. because by being forced, students will get used to it.Keywords: language learning, sociolinguistics, language environment

Linguistik dan Heritage Tourism bagi Bisnis Ekonomi Kemasyarakatan di Banyuwangi Mukarromah, Inayatul; Masrohatin, Siti; Amalia, Radella
AKM Vol 5 No 2 (2025): AKM : Aksi Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat - Januari 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi dan Bisnis Syariah (STEBIS) Indo Global Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36908/akm.v5i2.1236

Banyuwangi memiliki Potensi sumberdaya manusianya juga sangat tinggi khususnya dalam mengembangkan sektor pariwisata. Hal ini juga senada dengan apa yang ditulis oleh peneliti tentang Sumber daya manusia yang tergolong sangat kompeten dalam mengelola perkembangan destinasi wisata di Banyuwangi. Keunikan Kawasan Perkebunan bangunan kolonial adalah Kawasan terbentang di Kabupaten Banyuwangi juga merupakan warisan Sejarah termasuk kolonial yang harus dilestarikan. Isu-isu dapat diambil gap bahwa pendekatan Bahasa yang diterima dan dipahami oleh Masyarakat, pemerintah, stakeholder, Masyarakat dan swasta melalui pendekatan Bahasa , Tingkat social dan budaya yang diterima oleh semua pihak. Tulisan ini menguraikan program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang dilakukan oleh penulis dengan obyek para Linguistik dalam mengakomodasi tenaga pemandu wisata Sejarah. Model pendekatan Linguistik untuk mengkonsep bentuk Exploring Heritage Tourism Such as Herirage Colonial di Banyuwangi.Peran Bahasa secara sosial dan bufdaya dari Masyarakat, pemerintah, Asosiasi, ADM, Perkebunan, Sejarawan, pelaku wisata terhadap cagar budaya dan Kawasan bersejarah khususnya di Kawasan Banyuwangi. Juga mengenai fenomena symbol-simbol Bahasa yang didapat di Cagar Budaya Alam (CGB) dan Kawasan Sejarah khususnya Kawasan kolonial di Banyuwangi.

Increasing the Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of MA Negeri 2 Jember Through Four Steps Interview, Role Play, and Chasing Game Mukarromah, Inayatul
Fenomena Vol 11 No 1 (2012): FENOMENA: Journal of the Social Sciences
Publisher : LP2M UIN KH.Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v11i1.513

Improving speaking ability is a crucial part of language learning. A slower learning process can affect learners' speaking skills. This research was conducted based on the low speaking ability of most tenth-grade students at MA Negeri 2 Jember. Most students were reluctant to speak English in class. They struggled to ask questions, answer questions, present materials, and even express their thoughts or ideas. This was analyzed through a speaking test conducted before students were treated using the Four Steps Interview, Role Play, and Chasing Game (FRC) methods. Only 12 students (31.57%) out of 38 achieved scores above the minimum mastery level (65), while the other 26 failed to meet the standard. The average speaking test score was 59.54, indicating unsatisfactory results. After identifying the students' lack of English speaking ability, the researcher developed an engaging, enjoyable, and challenging teaching strategy: the FRC method (Four Steps Interview, Role Play, and Chasing Game). The research design was Classroom Action Research (CAR), implemented in cycles with stages including Action Planning, Action Implementation, Observation, and Reflection. Data collection methods included (a) an English speaking test to determine whether students met the first success indicator, and (b) questionnaires to assess whether students met the second success indicator. Peningkatan kemampuan berbicara merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Proses belajar yang lebih lambat akan mempengaruhi kemampuan berbicara pembelajar bahasa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mengacu pada rendahnya kemampuan berbicara yang dimiliki oleh sebagian besar siswa kelas X di MA Negeri 2 Jember. Sebagian besar siswa malas untuk berbicara dengan menggunakan Bahasa Inggris di kelas. Mereka kesulitan dalam mengajukan pertanyaan, menjawab pertanyaan, mempresentasikan materi, dan bahkan mengekspresikan pemikiran atau ide mereka. Hal ini bisa dianalisis melalui tes berbicara yang diselenggarakan sebelum siswa diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan metode Four Steps Interview, Role Play, dan Chasing Game (FRC). Jumlah siswa yang nilainya di atas nilai minimum ketuntasan materi (65) hanyalah 12 siswa (31,57%) dari 38 siswa. Sedangkan 26 siswa yang lain gagal mencapai SKM. Nilai rata-rata dari tes berbicara siswa adalah 59,54. Akan tetapi, hasil dari kemampuan berbicara siswa tetapiah kurang memuaskan. Setelah mengetahui bahwa kurangnya kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris siswa, maka peneliti mengembangkan strategi pengajaran berbicara bahasa Inggris yang menarik, menyenangkan, dan menantang yaitu metode FRC (Four Steps Interview, Role Play, dan Chasing Game). Desain penelitiannya adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK); yang dilaksanakan melalui siklus-siklus dengan tahap-tahap, yaitu Perencanaan Aksi, Pelaksanaan Aksi, Observasi, dan Refleksi. Untuk tahap pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan (a) tes kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris, yang dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui apakah siswa bisa mencapai indikator implementasi kesuksesan yang pertama, (b) angket, yang dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui apakah siswa bisa mencapai indikator implementasi kesuksesan yang kedua.

The Use of Vocabulary Based on Reading Text at the Second Year Students of MA Al Qodiri Mukarromah, Inayatul
Fenomena Vol 13 No 1 (2014): FENOMENA: Journal of the Social Sciences
Publisher : LP2M UIN KH.Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v13i1.554

Various types of games in the teaching and learning process, especially in enriching English vocabulary related to reading texts, are the focus of this research. The author selected games suitable for the students' level and filtered six types of games to be applied in the classroom. Due to the students' lack of vocabulary related to derivatives, idioms, synonyms, and antonyms in reading texts, the researcher developed a learning strategy through vocabulary-based games using engaging, enjoyable, and challenging reading texts to enhance the vocabulary of second-year students at MA Al Qodiri Jember. The research design employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) with cyclical stages including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection, as well as quantitative data analysis. Berbagai jenis permainan dalam proses belajar mengajar di kelas, khususnya dalam memperkaya kosakata bahasa Inggris yang berkaitan dengan teks bacaan, menjadi fokus penelitian ini. Penulis memilih jenis-jenis permainan yang sesuai dengan tingkatan siswa dan menyaring enam jenis permainan untuk diterapkan di kelas. Karena kurangnya kosakata siswa yang berkaitan dengan derivatif, idiom, sinonim, dan antonim pada teks bacaan, peneliti mengembangkan strategi belajar melalui permainan berbasis kosakata melalui teks bacaan yang menarik, menyenangkan, dan menantang untuk meningkatkan kosakata siswa di kelas dua MA Al Qodiri Jember. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan tahapan siklus yang meliputi perencanaan, implementasi, observasi, dan refleksi, serta analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif.

Pengembangan Pariwisata Melalui Pokdarwis dalam Persepektif Ethnolinguitik di Desa Tambong Kecamatan Kabat Kabupaten Banyuwangi Mukarromah, Inayatul; Rohmah, Habbibatur
Ngarsa: Journal of Dedication Based on Local Wisdom Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Ngarsa: Journal of Dedication Based on Local Wisdom
Publisher : LP2M UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/ngarsa.v3i1.313

Fakta Secara Empiris bahwa rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pariwisata sehingga mereka tidak tertarik untuk mengembangkan potensi wisata di desanya. Masyarakat belum bisa memahami bahwa dengan mengembangkan potensi wisata di desanya bisa memberikan dampak positif bagi perekonomian mereka. Tujuan dalam penelitian yaitu Pengembangan Pariwisata Melalui Pokdarwis Di Desa Tambong Kecamatan Kabat Kabupaten Banyuwangi Pendekatan Ethnolinguitik Di Masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan model Ethnolinguitik. Pendekatan etnolinguistik adalah pendekatan yang dilakukan dimana peneliti juga terkadang tinggal di desa Tambong, berkumpul dengan warga, berdiskusi dengan bahasa oseng yang mereka gunakan dalam kesehariannya , mengikuti rutinitas warga dan lainnya. Terdapat tiga kesimpulan antara lain; 1) Langkah Pokdarwis desa Tambong dalam mengembangkan desa wisata yaitu mengadakan adannya pendampingan khusus baik dari Pokdarwis Desa Tambong, Asosiasi Pokdarwis Kabupaten, Disbudpar kabupaten yang membidangi ekonomi kreatif dan destinasi serta budaya, pendampingan dengan para akademisi dari dosen yang kompeten. Pendampingan akademisi dilaksanakan melalui MOU antara desa dan lembaga perguruan Tinggi yang dituju. 2) Hambatan Pokdarwis dalam pengembangan desa wisata di desa Tambong antara lain; a) belum terlaksana pembangunan destinasi wisata secara maksimal, b) kurang solidnya kepengurusan Pokdarwis itu sendiri, c) belum adanya kematangan dan kedewasaan dalam berorganisasi, d) terlalu banyak konsep yang diwacanakan untuk membangun desa wisata sehingga lokus utama untuk pembanguan destinasi wisata baik jangka pendek, menengah, panjang belum jelas, e) minimnya SDM masyarakat terhadap kesadaran wisata, f) belum adanya Perdes yang mengikat untuk menguatkan keorganisasian Pokdarwis, 3) Upaya yang dilakukan Pokdarwis dalam menghadapi hambatan pengembangan destinasi wisata adalah menjalin kolaborasi dengan para pengusaha-pengusaha kelompok ekonomi mikro, para petani, pengrajin yang berada di desa setempat, investor lainnya, pemerintah, masyarakat serta Perguruan Tinggi. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Pariwista; Pokdarwis Ethnolinguistic The empirical fact is that the community has low knowledge about tourism, so they are not interested in developing tourism potential in their village. People have not been able to understand that developing tourism potential in their village can have a positive impact on their economy. The research aims to develop Tourism through Pokdarwis in Tambong Village Kabat District Banyuwangi Ethnolinguitik approach in the community. This study used qualitative methods. This research approach uses an ethnographic approach with an Ethnolinguistic model. The ethnolinguistic approach is an approach that is done where researchers also sometimes live in Tambong village, gather with residents, discuss using language they use in their daily lives, and follow the routine of residents and others. There are three conclusions among others: 1) step Pokdarwis Tambong Village in developing village tourism is to hold special assistance from Pokdarwis Tambong Village, Pokdarwis District Association, Disbudpar district in charge of creative economy and destinations as well as culture, assistance with academics from competent lecturers. Academic service is carried out through an MOU between the village and the intended higher education institution. 2) Pokdarwis obstacles in the development of tourist villages in Tambong village, among others; a) the development of tourist destinations has not been implemented to the maximum, b) the lack of solid management of the Pokdarwis itself, c) the lack of maturity and maturity in organization, d) too many concepts are discussed to build tourist villages so that the primary locus for the development of tourist destinations in the short, medium, long term is not precise, e) the lack of, 3) the efforts made by Pokdarwis in dealing with obstacles to the development of tourist destinations are to collaborate with entrepreneurs from microeconomic groups, farmers, artisans in local villages, other investors, governments, communities and universities. Keywords: Tourism Development; Pokdarwis; Ethnolinguistic

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