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I Made Kardena
Laboratorium Patologi Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana, Jl. PB. Sudirman, Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali; Indonesia, 80234
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PANCREAS IN WHITE RATS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF PURE MIMOSINE AND MIMOSINE IN LAMTORO LEAF POWDER I Ketut Berata; I Made Kardena; Ida Bagus Oka Winaya
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2025 Vol. 17 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i01.p03

Abstract

Mimosine in the lamtoro plant (Leucaena leucochepala) is a toxic or anti-nutritional ingredient which is reported to mainly cause hair loss in cattle. In addition, there is the possibility of many impacts on body tissue as a result of consuming feed ingredients containing mimosine. This study aims to determine the impact of mimosine in lamtoro leaf powder on histopathological changes in the pancreas of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). A total of 18 male Wistar strain white rats, 2 months old with a body weight of 250-300 g, were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, namely group P0 as a negative control (placebo), group P1 as a positive control given pure mimosine produced by Sigma at a dose of 5 mg/day, group P2 given mimosine from lamtoro leaf powder as a positive control at a dose of 50 mg/day Treatment was carried out every day for 14 days with a sonde. On day 15, all mice were euthanized and sacrificed for their pancreatic tissue. Next, the pancreas is processed to make histopathological preparations using the hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining method. Histopathological changes examined included lesions of congestion, bleeding and necrosis. Examination data is scored according to the distribution of lesions, namely normal criteria (score 0) if there are no lesions, mild criteria (score 1) if the lesion is focal, moderate criteria (score 2) if the lesion is multifocal and severe criteria (score 3) if the lesion is diffuse. The results of the examination showed that moderate levels of congestion lesions were found when mimosine was administered in lamtoro leaf powder. Mild necrotic lesions were found when mimosine was administered in lamtoro leaf powder, while moderate levels of necrotic lesions were found when standard mimosine was administered. It can be concluded that mimosine in lamtoro leaf powder can cause milder necrosis in the pancreas of white rats than standard mimosine administration. The flavonoid, tannin and protein components in lamtoro leaf powder can reduce the toxicity of mimosine. To reduce the effects of mimosine poisoning, it is best to limit the feeding of lamtoro leaves to livestock or before giving them to livestock, they should be given treatment to reduce the toxic effects.
EFFECT OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI LEAF EXTRACT AT DIFFERENT DOSES ON THE ANTIBODY TITER RESPONSE TO NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN BROILER I Putu Aditya Prawira; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana; I Made Kardena; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; Tjokorda Sari Nindhia; Anak Agung Sagung Kendran
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p25

Abstract

Newcastle Disease (ND), also known as tetelo, is one of the major poultry diseases that causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to decreased productivity and increased mortality rates in broiler chickens. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Phyllanthus niruri Linn (green meniran) extract at different oral doses on ND antibody titers in broiler chickens. This study employed an experimental method with a completely randomized design, involving 30 broiler chickens divided into three treatment groups: a control group (without extract), a group receiving Phyllanthus niruri extract at a dose of 7 mg/kgW/day, and a group receiving 9 mg/kgW/day for four weeks. ND antibody titers were analyzed using the Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test. The results showed that the administration of Phyllanthus niruri extract significantly increased ND antibody titers, with the highest immune response observed in the group receiving 9 mg/kg W/day compared to the 7 mg/kg W/day and control groups. The increase in antibody titers was noticeable from the first week post-vaccination and peaked in the second week. These findings suggest that Phyllanthus niruri extract has potential as a natural immunostimulant to enhance immune responses against ND in broiler chickens. Further studies are needed to evaluate higher doses and the long-term effects of Phyllanthus niruri extract administration on the health and productivity of broiler chickens.
HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF LYMPHOCYTES, MONOCYTES IN DOGS WITH DERMATITIS PRE AND POST THERAPY Made Ananda Giri Tanaya; Ni Ketut Suwiti; I Nyoman Suartha; Sri Kayati Widyastuti; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p22

Abstract

A study was conducted to analyse the histological structure of lymphocytes and monocytes in dogs with dermatitis before and after therapy. Dermatitis is skin inflammation that can be caused by bacterial infections, allergies, or environmental factors. This study used 20 dogs with dermatitis that were given a combination of antiparasitic, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and antihistamine therapy. Blood samples were taken before and after therapy to be analysed using Morphology of Edge Blood (MDT) staining to observe changes in the histological structure of lymphocyte and monocyte cells. The results showed: before therapy, lymphocytes and monocytes experienced more necrosis (P<0.05) histological structure changes such as pycnosis, karyorexis, and karyolysis. After therapy, there was a decrease in the number of cells that experienced necrosis in lymphocytes, from 8.45 ± 2.08% to 6.85 ± 1.75%. Whereas in monocytes, there was a decrease in the number (P<0.05) of necrotised cells at post- therapy, from 27.5±19.4% to 13.5±10.3%. The conclusion of this study is that the histological structure of lymphocytes and monocytes that experience necrosis is less than cells that do not necrose. The histological structure of the cells showed a lot more normal. The combination therapy used proved effective in improving the structure of lymphocytes and monocytes.
CASE OF COCCIDIOSIS IN BROILER CHICKENS AT A FARM IN BENOA VILLAGE, BADUNG REGENCY Ni Putu Juni Ratna Dewi; I Made Dwinata; I Made Kardena; I Gusti Ketut Suarjana; Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2025 Vol. 17 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i01.p16

Abstract

The subject of this case study is a 28-day-old broiler chicken from a farm located in Benoa, South Kuta District, Bali. The chicken was reported to exhibit clinical symptoms such as weakness, isolation from the flock, loss of appetite, and bloody feces. This study aims to analyze the anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory findings to establish a definitive diagnosis of the disease affecting the chicken. Data collection included signalment, anamnesis, epidemiological investigation, and parasitic examination, which were then analyzed qualitatively in a descriptive manner. Necropsy findings after the chicken's death revealed congestion and hemorrhage in the small intestine, as well as bleeding with distension in the cecum. Histopathological observations showed necrosis of the cecal mucosa, the presence of schizonts, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the identification of macrogametes and microgametes. Qualitative fecal examination identified schizonts of Eimeria spp. Based on clinical, pathological, and laboratory analyses, it was concluded that the chicken suffered from coccidiosis.
MACROSCOPIC EVALUATION OF INCISION WOUND HEALING IN THE SKIN OF WHITE RATS TREATED WITH PLATELET-RICH PLASMA GEL DERIVED FROM PIG BLOOD Made Amara Sanjiwaning Sukma; I Wayan Wirata; I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan; I Gusti Ngurah Sudisma; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2025 Vol. 17 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i01.p22

Abstract

Wound healing is the body's attempt to restore its structural integrity and normal function after tissue disruption. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is often used as a regenerative treatment by increasing the activity of growth factors in the blood to treat damaged tissue. Pig blood contains a high concentration of platelets that can support the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the macroscopic picture of incision wound healing on the skin of white rats given PRP gel from pig blood. The experimental animals used in this study were 27 wistar strain rats. There were three treatments carried out, namely the negative treatment group given 0.9% NaCl solution, the positive control group given bioplacenton, and the treatment group with pig blood PRP gel. Parameters used to determine the level of wound healing include wound length, wound color, wound moisture, and wound scab. Wound length data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (Anova). Meanwhile, data on wound color, wound scab, and wound moisture were analyzed by Kruskal Walls. The pig blood PRP gel treatment group had a significant effect on the incision wound healing rate than the negative and positive treatment groups (bioplacenton). PRP gel from pig blood can accelerate wound healing because it contains many growth factors that play an important role in tissue repair and regeneration. Further research is recommended to evaluate the effect of PRP on other types of wounds, such as burns or infectious wounds, as well as developing PRP preservation methods in other forms for wider clinical applications.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INCISION WOUND HEALING IN RATS TREATED WITH PIG BLOOD-DERIVED PLATELET-RICH PLASMA GEL Stevanny Lastra; I Wayan Wirata; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; I Gusti Ngurah Sudisma; I Wayan Gorda; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2025 Vol. 17 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i01.p23

Abstract

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) can be used as a regenerative treatment to enhance the activity of growth factors in the blood with the aim of wound healing. PRP can enhance neovascularization, fibroblast formation, and tissue epithelialization more quickly and efficiently. This study aims to determine the histopathological observation of incision wound healing on the skin of white rats given PRP gel. This study used male white rats of the Wistar strain, aged 2-2.5 months and weighing 200-300 grams. The 27 rats used were divided into three treatment groups: P0 (negative control, given 0.9% NaCl solution), P1 (positive control, given Bioplacenton), and P2 (given PRP Gel). The treatment was administered once after the skin had been incised and was given only once. On days 1, 5, and 11, a biopsy of the skin organ was performed for histopathological examination. Histopathological examination includes four indicators: inflammatory cell infiltration, angiogenesis, fibroblasts, and collagen density. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test, and then described descriptively. The research results show that the infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen density indicate a difference (P≤0,05) in the group of receiving PRP gel compared to the negative and positive control groups. However, there was no difference in angiogenesis and fibroblasts (P>0.05). In the wound healing process, the histopathological picture of incisional wound healing in the skin of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) given pig blood PRP gel shows an increase and development. Therefore, further research can be conducted to create a more optimal PRP gel formulation, and histopathological examinations can be carried out over a longer observation period to obtain significant results.
PREVALENCE COMPARISON OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS CASES AT CHICKEN FARMS IN BLAHBATUH AND PAYANGAN SUBDISTRICTS, GIANYAR DISTRICT Ingrid Laurentina; Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p07

Abstract

Newcastle Disease (ND) is a common poultry disease in Indonesia, caused by Avian Paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1). This disease is endemic and occurs throughout the year affecting various types of poultry, including commercial and backyard chickens. This study aims to compare the prevalence of the ND virus in poultry farms in Blahbatuh and Payangan Districts, Gianyar Regency. This study employed an observational method with a cross-sectional approach. Chickens showing clinical symptoms were subjected to necropsy to collect tissue samples that exhibited pathological changes. These samples were inoculated into Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs for ND virus growth. After incubation, the allantoic fluid was harvested and tested using HA and HI. A positive HA test result was indicated by the formation of sand like sediment, while a positive HI test result showed a 1% erythrocyte deposit forming a dot at the bottom of the microplate well. The study results indicated that 9 out of 32 chickens (28%) tested positive for ND. Chickens sampled in Payangan Subdistrict were found to have a 1.36 times higher risk of infection compared to those sampled in Blahbatuh subdistrict. Increasing farmers awareness of the importance of regular ND vaccination and improving biosecurity like isolation cage systems is crucial to preventing the spread of the disease.
THE EFFECT OF MENIRAN EXTRACT AS AN IMUNOSTIMULATOR ON THE INCREASE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE ANTIBODY TITER IN BROILERS Muhammad Evan Malik; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana; Samsuri; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; I Made Kardena; Tjokorda Sari Nindhia
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p11

Abstract

Meniran is known as an herbal plant with potential as a natural immunostimulator due to its content of flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. These compounds help boost the immune response by stimulating cytokine production, accelerating immune cell activation, and increasing antibody production. Newcastle Disease (ND) is an infectious disease that frequently affects broilers and causes significant economic losses. Vaccination is the primary method for preventing ND; however, its effectiveness can vary depending on the immune response of the chickens. This study aims to evaluate the effect of meniran extract as an immunostimulant on increasing Newcastle Disease antibody titers in booster-vaccinated broilers. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with 30 Lohman MB 202 broilers divided into three treatment groups. The negative control group (K-) received neither vaccination nor meniran extract, the positive control group (K+) received only the ND La Sota booster vaccine, and the treatment group (P) received both the ND La Sota booster vaccine and meniran extract for 14 days before vaccination. Antibody titers were measured using the Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test on days 17, 25, and 32. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and regression analysis. The results showed that the administration of meniran extract significantly increased antibody titers (P<0.05), with mean values of 2.7, 4.1, and 6.0 (HI log 2), and an overall mean of 4.27. Regression analysis indicated that the treatment group (P) experienced a higher increase in antibody titers compared to the control groups, with the peak immune response occurring in the third week post-vaccination. The conclusion of this study is that meniran extract can act as a natural immunostimulant that enhances the effectiveness of the ND vaccine in broiler chickens. Therefore, further research with different doses and administration durations is needed to optimize its benefits.
SALMONELLOSIS CASE IN BROILER CHICKENS AT A CLOSED-HOUSE FARM IN DARMASABA VILLAGE, ABIANSEMAL, BADUNG, BALI Dewa Ayu Sinthya Devi; I Gusti Ketut Suarjana; I Made Kardena; Nyoman Adi Suratma; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p36

Abstract

Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella sp. is a septicemic bacterial disease that commonly occurs in chickens. A 14-day-old broiler chicken from a closed house in Darmasaba Village, Abiansemal Subdistrict, Badung Regency, Bali was found to show general signs and clinical symptoms of conjunctivitis, decreased appetite, feather loss and dullness, stunted growth and greenish-white feces. To confirm the definitive diagnosis, laboratory examination is necessary. In this case study anatomical pathology, hispathological preparations, and bacterial identification were used. The examination results showed Enchepalitis, Pneumonia hemorrhagic, Myocarditis fibrinous, Hepatitis hemorrhagic, Glomerulonephritis hemorrhagic, Proventriculitis necrotican, and Enteritis hemorrhagic. Bacteriology test examination found Salmonella Typhimurium from the heart, lungs, and liver. The case animal was concluded to have Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria. Salmonellosis control can be done by improving biosecurity and cage sanitation, conducting chicken health management, controlling animal and human traffic, and using antibiotics wisely in accordance with veterinary recommendations to minimize the transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria through feed, water, and the environment.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Sagung Kendran Dewa Ayu Sinthya Devi Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Ngurah Sudisma I Ketut Berata I Made Dwinata I Nyoman Suartha I Putu Aditya Prawira I Wayan Gorda I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan I Wayan Wirata I Wayan Wirata Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Oka Winaya Ingrid Laurentina Made Amara Sanjiwaning Sukma Made Ananda Giri Tanaya Muhammad Evan Malik Ni Ketut Suwiti Ni Luh Eka Setiasih Ni Luh Eka Setiasih Ni Putu Juni Ratna Dewi Nyoman Adi Suratma Samsuri Sri Kayati Widyastuti Stevanny Lastra Tjokorda Sari Nindhia