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All Journal Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical)
Ferdy A. Karauwan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Christian University of Indonesia in Tomohon
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Activity of Caulerpa racemosa Against Helicobacter pylori Bacteria Jekki J. F. Kalangi; Yessie K. Lengkey; Nerni O. Potalangi; Selvana S. Tulandi; Reky R. Palandi; Ferdy A. Karauwan
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v8i1.498

Abstract

Sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) contain various secondary metabolites with bioactive compounds that function as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract from sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) against Helicobacter pylori. The method used was the agar diffusion technique with paper discs at four different extract concentrations: 500 µg, 600 µg, 700 µg, and 800 µg per disc. Extraction was carried out through maceration using 96% ethanol as the solvent, and antibacterial activity was assessed based on the formation of inhibition zones around the discs. The results showed that all extract concentrations exhibited very strong inhibitory effects on the growth of H. pylori, with inhibition zones of 27.23 mm, 28.51 mm, 29.91 mm, and 31.51 mm, respectively. The higher the extract concentration, the larger the inhibition zone formed. Based on antibacterial activity categorization, Caulerpa racemosa extract demonstrates potential as a strong antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori.
Inhibitory Activity Test of Sea Grape (Caulerpa racemosa) Against Salmonella typhi Bacteria Indri J. Kereh; Yessie K. Lengkey; Sonny D. Untu; Margaretha S. Ginting; Ferdy A. Karauwan; Selvana S. Tulandi; Adolfina Sumagando
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v8i1.500

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is the primary bacterial cause of typhoid fever, which remains a serious health concern in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory activity of sea grape (Caulerpa racemosa) extract against Salmonella typhi. The extract was obtained through maceration and tested using the agar diffusion method with paper discs at various concentrations (100, 200, 300, and 400 µg/disc). The results showed that C. racemosa extract inhibited the growth of S. typhi with average inhibition zone diameters of 25 mm (100 µg), 27.3 mm (200 µg), 28.8 mm (300 µg), and 29.5 mm (400 µg). The negative control (distilled water) showed no antibacterial activity. Based on classification, all concentrations exhibited very strong antibacterial activity. A higher extract concentration corresponded to greater inhibitory effect. These findings suggest that C. racemosa has potential as a natural antibacterial agent against S. typhi and may be further developed for alternative typhoid treatment.
Antibacterial Activity Of Green Sirih Leaves (Piper betle Linn) Against Propionibacterium Acnes Douglas N. Pareta; Rainhard R. M. Tumiwuda; Silvana L. Tumbel; Wilmar Maarisit; Yessie K. Lengkey; Ferdy A. Karauwan; Mitra W. Timburas
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): OKTOBER 2025
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v8i2.522

Abstract

Betel is one of the medicinal plants often found around us. Because of its properties as an antiseptic and wound medicine, this plant can be cultivated. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of green betel leaf essential oil against Propionibacterium acnes. This laboratory experimental research used a completely randomized design with three repetitions in five concentration treatments, one positive control and one negative control for Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The test method used was the agar diffusion method. Data was collected by observing and measuring the inhibition zone on each Petri dish, which was then tabulated. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. At a concentration of 10µl, green betel leaf essential oil can be an antibacterial agent against Propionibacterium acnes, according to the results of measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone produced.
Inhibitory Activity of Sea Grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) Against the Growth of Propionibacterium acnes Yessie K. Lengkey; Indri J. Kereh; Sonny D. Untu; Margaretha S. Ginting; Ferdy A. Karauwan; Selvana S. Tulandi; Adolfina Sumagando
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): OKTOBER 2025
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v8i2.524

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the inhibitory activity of sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium that can cause acne on human skin. Sea grapes contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids which may act as natural antibacterial agents. This research was conducted experimentally in the laboratory using the agar diffusion method with paper discs. The sea grape sample was extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol and tested at concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 µg/disc. Distilled water was used as a negative control. The results showed that the extract was able to inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 33.9 to 41.2 mm. The largest inhibition zone was found at the concentration of 400 µg/disc. In conclusion, sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) have very strong antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and have potential as a natural antibacterial source.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Lansium domesticum Corr. Against Propionibacterium acnes Friska M. Montolalu; Hapri j. Lalira; Silvana L. Tumbel; Hanna Rumagit; Ferdy A. Karauwan; selvana Tulandi
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v9i1.471

Abstract

Jerawat merupakan masalah kulit yang sering disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri sehingga diperlukan alternatif antibakteri dari bahan alam. Daun langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr.) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun langsat terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram (Kirby-Bauer) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 50, 75, dan 100 µg/disc. Clindamycin digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan akuades sebagai kontrol negatif. Aktivitas antibakteri ditentukan berdasarkan diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun langsat mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat masingmasing sebesar 12,92 mm; 13,29 mm; dan 14,56 mm pada konsentrasi 50, 75, dan 100 µg/disc. Seluruh konsentrasi menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri kategori kuat. Analisis ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antar perlakuan (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak etanol daun langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dan berpotensi sebagai sumber antibakteri alami untuk pengobatan jerawat.
Antipyretic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Malay Apple Leaves (Syzygium malaccense L.) in Peptone-Induced Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Jeane Mongie; Rosalia V. Manti; Ferdy A. Karauwan; Silvana L. Tumbel; Nerni O. Potalangi; Rachmat Santoso; Christel N. Sambou
Biofarmasetikal Tropis (The Tropical Journal of Biopharmaceutical) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : FMIPA UKIT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55724/jbiofartrop.v9i1.543

Abstract

Malay apple leaves (Syzygium malaccense L.) have traditionally been used to reduce fever. This study aimed to evaluate the antipyretic activity of the ethanol extract of Malay apple leaves in peptone-induced male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). A completely randomized design was used with five treatment groups: negative control (distilled water), positive control (paracetamol), and ethanol extract doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/200 g body weight. Fever was induced by intramuscular injection of 5% peptone (1 mL/200 g body weight), and rectal temperature was recorded every 30 minutes for 180 minutes. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis followed by Mann–Whitney tests. The results showed that all extract doses reduced rectal temperature compared with the negative control, with the 500 mg dose producing the greatest antipyretic effect. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatment groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Malay apple leaves possesses antipyretic activity in peptone-induced male white rats, with the 500 mg dose showing the highest effectiveness.
Co-Authors Adolfina Sumagando Douglas N. Pareta Friska M. Montolalu Hanna Rumagit Hapri j. Lalira Indri J. Kereh Indri J. Kereh Jeane Mongie Jekki J. F. Kalangi Margaretha S. Ginting Mitra W. Timburas Nerni O. Potalangi Rachmat Santoso Rainhard R. M. Tumiwuda Reky R. Palandi Rosalia V. Manti Sambou, Christel N. Selvana S. Tulandi selvana Tulandi Silvana L. Tumbel Sonny D. Untu Wilmar Maarisit Yessie K. Lengkey Yessie K. Lengkey