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Anticancer effect of Copper Activated Plasma Water on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells Isaac John Umaru; Iseko Iyoko Kingsly; Edom Favour Ogochukwu; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Jackson Soyinka Malantso; Bilyaminu Habibu; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v2i1.4721

Abstract

Broad biological activities of “plasma-activated water” (PAW) have drawn great attentions recently. Treatment of water using gas discharge plasma led to acidic solutions with excellent and broad antibacterial activity. Because PAW caused severe membrane damages in bacteria and diffused freely in extracellular matrix, PAW also demonstrated good anti-biofilm activity. However, further studies revealed that trace amounts of metal ions (mainly copper) in PAW brought by plasma treatment played key roles in bacteria inactivation. The contribution of metal ions to the antibacterial activity varied among PAWs from different working gases. However, solution acidification caused by reactive species in plasma was essential. The experimental results demonstrated that potential artifacts in reported biological activities of PAWs should be considered. Therefore, Copper has important redox activity and can participate in various biochemical reactions by accepting and donating electrons. As a trace element, thus, Anticancer effect of Copper Activated Plasma Water on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. Materials and method, used are a non-thermal micro-hollow cathode discharge (MHCD) was used to generate plasma-activated waters (CU-PAWs), The MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (IBRC C10082), and 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was acquired. Cell Viability Measurements; After 48 h of incubation 0.5 mg/ml MTT (20 μl) was added to the control and experimental cells and the cells were incubated for 3 h in a CO2 incubator at 37 °C, Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Flow Cytometry was conducted. Results: The 3- and 4-min CU-PAW reduced MCF-7 cells viability to approximately 62% and 56% of control (p< 0.01), respectively. However, in the cases of 1- and 2-min CU-PAW cell proliferation did not diminish significantly as compared with the control group (p> 0.05). This observation is consistent with earlier studies, which illustrated that plasma irradiation reduced cell viability in a time-dependent manner. Thus, in this research, DOX (0.45 µM) combined with 3- or 4-min CU-PAW killed MCF-7 cell efficiently (44% and 39% cell viability, respectively; p< 0.01) than DOX (54% cell viability) or 3- or 4-min CU-PAW alone (63% and 56% cell viability, respectively). These was in line with a that PAW plus cisplatin at low doses reduced viability of human endometrial carcinoma more effectively than cisplatin or PAW alone. Conclusion: Although further investigations are crucial, CU-PAW combined with DOX could be a promising cancer treatment strategy, contributing to a more positive therapeutic agent.
Efficacy and Safety of Triple Synergy Therapy Containing Annona Senegalese, Ciprofloxacin, and Omeprazole for Helicobacter Pylori Initial Treatment Isaac John Umaru; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Ocheifa Matthew Ngbede; Artu Ishishen John; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v2i2.4970

Abstract

Annona senegalensis is a complex plant, with several active compounds contributing to its medicinal properties. The presence of alkaloids such as annonaine and corossolin, which have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, is particularly noteworthy. Flavonoids like quercetin and kaempferol are potent antioxidants that help to reduce oxidative stress, while tannins contribute to the plant’s antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds, working synergistically, may explain the plant’s potential. Material and methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki with little modification, The rats were completely randomized, numbered according to the sequence, and randomly enrolled in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive the triple therapy (A group, Annona senegalensis, ciprofloxacin quadruple therapy (B group as Omeprazole quadruple therapy. Results: Annona Senegalese scheme for initial and rescue treatment of H. pylori infection are not inferior to the guideline-recommended therapy. A study compared the eradication efficacy of the Annona Senegalese quadruple therapy (300 mg, 3 times/day) with that of bismuth quadruple therapy. The eradication rates of H.pylori were 87.5% and 87.1% in PP analysis, with no statistical significance (P >0.05), It was observed that, the eradication rates of H. pylori in response to the new triple therapy consisting of Annona Senegalese’s triple therapy (A. Senegalese 500 mg, Ciprofloxacin 1000 mg, Omeprazole 20 mg, A group), were 70.0% and 81.4% by ITT and PP analyses, respectively. Conclusion: The efficacy of Annona Senegalese triple therapy for the initial eradication of H. pylori is commendable thus be used as a combination in clinical therapy.
Potential of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Jatropha Gossypiifolia Seed Against Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Isaac John Umaru; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Ingwu Joseph Akem; Joseph Oteng; Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede; Ashaka Fidelis Utioukpan; Aboki Nwunuji Mijinyawa; Odok Endurance Akam; Ogholo Ogholo Ekup
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v2i2.5185

Abstract

While many methods exist for measuring the impact of AIDS, treatment remedy the human development approach focuses on people rather than medical or economic indicators. Human Development Index captures three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life—measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge—measured by adult literacy and school enrolment; and standard of living—measured by per capita gross domestic product. Thus, investigate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia seed in highly active antiretroviral therapy administered rats. Liver is a metabolically active organ responsible for many vital life functions. It performs many activities that are critical for survival. Due to its important activities, the liver is exposed to a number of insults and is one of the body's organs most subject to injury. In spite of tremendous advances in modern medicine, there are hardly any reliable drugs that protect the liver from damage and/or help in regeneration of hepatic cell. It is, therefore, necessary to search for effective and safe herbal drugs for the treatment of liver disease to replace currently used drugs of doubtful efficacy and safety. Hence, the need to evaluate the aqueous extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia seed in highly active antiretroviral therapy (Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Efavirenz) administered rats. Sixty rats weighed between 150-200g were randomly divided into six groups and each group comprised of ten rats. Rats in group I were administered with distilled water. Rats in group II were administered with highly active antiretroviral therapy only. Rats in groups III - VI were administered 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg Jatropha gossypiifolia seed plus highly active antiretroviral therapy respectively. The treatments were given orally for 28 consecutive days. On the 29th day, all rats were sacrificed under light diethyl ether anaesthesia; blood samples were collected for the assessment of biochemical parameters, while Serum levels of liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT were significantly (p<0.05) increased and albumin concentration was significantly decreased in animals treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy as compared to the normal control. Treatment of highly active antiretroviral therapy exposed animals with Jatropha gossypiifolia seed showed marked improvement in biochemical findings. Rise in liver enzymes was almost restored to normal in animals treated with Jatropha gossypiifolia seed. Jatropha gossypiifolia seed through its antioxidant activity effectively protects highly active antiretroviral therapy induced liver toxicity.
In Vitro Anti-HIV Activity of Rosa centifolia, (Leaves and Roots) Extract on HIV-1UG070 and HIV-1VB59 in TZM-bl and PM1 Cell Lines Isaac John Umaru; Ingwu Joseph Akem; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede; Joseph Oteng; Ashaka Fidelis Utioukpan; Aboki Nwunuji Mijinyawa; Odok Endurance Akam; Ogholo Ogholo Ekup
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v2i2.5223

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is still contributing significantly in morbidities and mortalities in the world today, more especially in developing countries. The drugs normally use to reat the infection is costly, toxic, and less effective due to resistance by HIV. In view of that an assessment of In Vitro Anti-HIV Activity of Rosa centifolia, (Leaves and Roots) Extract on HIV-1UG070 and HIV-1VB59 in TZM-bl and PM1 Cell Lines. Thus, the present therapy also has limitations of development of multidrug resistance, with a need for the discovery of novel anti-HIV compounds from plants as a potential alternative in combating HIV disease. Methods: The medicinal plant was tested for entry and replication inhibition against laboratory adapted strains HIV-1IIIB, HIV-1Ada5 and primary isolates HIV-1UG070, HIV-1VB59 in TZM-bl cell lines and primary isolates HIV-1UG070, HIV-1VB59 in PM1 cell lines. The plant extracts were further evaluated for toxicity in HEC-1A epithelial cell lines by trans well epithelial model. Results: The methanolic extracts of Rosa centifolia inhibited laboratory adapted HIV-1 strains (IC80 29.17-78.43μg/ml) and primary isolates (IC80 30.4-118μg/ml) in TZM-bl cells. Conclusion: These active methanolic extracts of Rosa centifolia, (leaves and roots) could be further subjected to chemical analysis to investigate the active moiety responsible for the anti-HIV activity. Methanolic extract of Rosa centifolia was found to be well tolerated maintaining the epithelial integrity of HEC-1A cells in vitro and thus has potential for investigating it further the phytochemical responsible for these activities.
Public Knowledge, Attitude And Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine among Traders in Wuse Market Abuja: A Cross-Sectional Study Tensaba Andes Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah; Tongle Nanle John; Chakfa Nanmar; Lawal Danjuma Tyem; Isaac John Umaru
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3976

Abstract

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health has been unpleasant. Vaccination is a critical measure to decrease COVID-19 economic loss and public health burden. This is very helpful to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The process of halting COVID-19 solely depends on population uptake of the vaccination process and the adoption of non-pharmacological measures. This in turn relies on the public willingness to get vaccinated. The public acceptability of this vaccination is further determined by the level of knowledge and trust in currently available COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the findings of public knowledge, attitude, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among traders in Wuse Market Abuja. A cross-sectional study was conducted among different traders in the Abuja Wuse Market to assess their knowledge, attitude and level of acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccinations using a self-administered survey questionnaire with the following four sections; socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge assessment questions, attitude assessment, and acceptability questions. A total of 166 participants completed the questionnaire. The knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccinations among the study participants was high with 143(86%) respondents stating that they knew about COVID-19 vaccinations. Among the traders that participated, 74(44.36%) believed that vaccines are safe and 109 (66.02%) agreed that vaccines are critical to protect the public from COVID-19 infection. But only, 45 (27.4%) accept to receive the vaccine. Participants’ attitudes, knowledge, and level of acceptability were significantly affected by age, gender, education level, and marital status (P <0.001). Our findings suggest that there is good knowledge and attitude toward the vaccination process against COVID-19 among study participants in spite of low acceptability. Awareness campaigns are therefore necessary to disseminate reliable knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and demystify the COVID-19 conspiracy theory in order to raise the level of vaccination acceptance.
Influence of Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command Danladi Zakariah; Elvis O. Ihaji; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3977

Abstract

This study examined Emotional Intelligence on the Mental Health of the Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design in which 232 Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel whose ages ranged from 20 – 58 years (Mean age=36.30, SD=8.34), comprising 169(72.8%) males and 63(27.2%) females who served as participants for the study. Emotional intelligence Scale and Mental Health Inventory scale were used in data collection. The result of the finding shows that, there was a significant positive influence of emotional intelligence on mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command [R=.436, R2=.190, F (5,227) =3.627, p<.01]. The result also indicated that, emotional intelligence and its dimensions explained 19.0% of the variance observed in mental health among the participants. This means that, Federal Road Safety Personnel with high levels of emotional intelligence are likely to have good mental health, and the extent to which emotional intelligence explains mental health of Federal Road Safety Corps Personnel in Benue State Sector Command is 19.0%, and based on this finding, the second hypothesis was confirmed. Independently, findings revealed that, social skills made the highest significant contribution (β=.299, t=2.988, p<.05), followed by motivation (β=.223, t=2.588, p<.05), and then self-reputation (β=.211, t=2.081, p<.05), followed by social awareness (β=.198, t=1.758, p<.05), and self-awareness (β=.180, t=1.313, p<.05) successively. Based on this finding, it was recommended that the management of Federal Road Safety Corps in Benue State Sector should explore ways of improving the personnel's emotional intelligence deficit which may enhance succees and improve their mental health.
The Effect of Aqueous Solution of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo Drink) on Albino Wistar Rats Ovarian Tissue Tensaba Andes Akafa; Williams Oche Ujah; Isaac Kogi Eli; Charles Ayara; Victor Makanjuola; Queen Uyo Williams; Dafup Katdel Istifanus; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Izam Emmanuel David; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Ranyang R. Akafa
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4011

Abstract

Hibiscus sabdarrifa is a flowering plant that grows in tropical regions. It is used in the preparation of a non-alcoholic beverage called Zobo drink. This current study investigated the ovarian histological changes and hormonal level outcome that occur after administration of Hibiscus sabdarrifa aqueous solution (Zobo drink) on albino Wistar rat. Twenty (20) female Wistar rats were purchased and divided into five (5) groups, group A, group B, group C, group D and group E with each group having four (4) Wistar rats. Group A, the control group was unexposed to any form of foreign substance. Group B were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink once daily (morning). Group C were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink twice daily (morning and afternoon). Group D were given 0.5ml of Zobo drink three times daily (morning, afternoon and evening). Group E were given the Zobo drink concurrently all through the day and water only at night. In the end, the rats were sacrificed and the ovaries were removed and fixed in 10% formalin saline solution. The ovaries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Their blood was collected through the femoral artery for hormonal level assay. The histological result of group A, B, C and D showed normal histological structures. Group E showed hemorrhage in the corpus luteum of the ovaries. The result of the hormonal analysis showed an increase in the level of progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and decrease in the level of estrogen all through the five groups. This lower estrogen level could impede menstruation. Therefore, Zobo drink can damage the ovary if taken in excess quantity and cause fluctuation in hormonal level of the ovary.
Psychoeducation of the Nigeria Population on Knowledge of Substance Abuse, Drug Addiction and Regular Medical Check-Up Danladi Zakariah; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah; Ndentang Ira Gadin
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4078

Abstract

This paper aims to enhance psychoeducation among the Nigerian population regarding substance abuse, drug addiction, and the importance of regular medical check-ups. Substance abuse and drug addiction are significant contributors to various medical health conditions and mental disorders within the Nigerian populace. Many of these conditions could potentially be prevented or managed effectively if early detection of abnormal neurotransmitter changes in the brain was facilitated through routine medical examinations. This study highlights the alarming scarcity of knowledge and poor attitudes towards substance abuse, drug addiction, and regular medical check-ups in Nigeria, as evidenced by empirical data from psychiatric research. Such deficiencies hinder individuals from making informed health decisions and recognizing risk factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles. According to the World Health Organization, as well as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), substance abuse and drug addiction are classified as diseases that require treatment, akin to conditions such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and HIV. In light of this, the paper calls on the government, as well as the management of healthcare institutions, clinical psychologists, and other healthcare professionals, to prioritize intensive psychoeducation initiatives. These initiatives should focus on raising awareness about the dangers of substance abuse and drug addiction, as well as preventative measures. Moreover, the government and health institutions should collaborate with philanthropists to establish more psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation centre, providing testing equipment and medications at subsidized rates across all healthcare levels. This would enable individuals struggling with substance abuse and addiction to access necessary services, gain insights into their health status, improve their overall well-being, and alleviate the catastrophe financial burdens faced by their families and loved ones. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the urgency of addressing these issues and provides actionable recommendations for creating a more informed and supportive environment for those affected by substance abuse and addiction.
Assessment of Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity of Leaf Extract of Morinda Citrifolia Isaac John Umaru; Ismail Yunusa Yuguda; Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Lubabatu Abdulrasheed; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Ameh Godwin Okwori
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i1.4593

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus infection remains a global health problem, it is a leading cause of liver disease and a possible worldwide source of severe morbidity and mortality. The current standard therapy using interferons or antiviral agents is not successful in all cases and is associated with severe side effects. Consequently, the development of new medicines for the treatment of HBV is still relevant. This experimental study was therefore performed to assess the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) potential of Leaf extract of Morinda citrifolia. The methanolic extracts of the Leaf extract of Morinda citrifolia first assessed for cytotoxicity on HepG2.2.15 cells and cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) values were resolved. The methanolic extracts of the Leaf extract of Morinda citrifolia was additionally examined on HepG2.2.15 cells for anti-HBV potential by examining the inhibition of HBsAg and HBeAg production in the culture supernatants, and calculating their half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) and therapeutic index (TI) values. Out of four concentration only three exhibit inhibition of HBsAg production in an increasing dose and time dependent manner. These four concentrations are 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL, 300 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL, with IC50 values of 21.15, 24.51, 118.94, 17.65, 20.93 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the presence of terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids that could contribute to antiviral efficacy was validated with a qualitative phytochemical study of active extracts.
Antihypertensive Effects of Ethanol Stem-Bark Extract of Morinda Citrifolia in Rats Isaac John Umaru; Ameh Godwin Okwori; Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede; Lubabatu Abdulrasheed; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Tensaba Andes Akafa
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i1.4594

Abstract

The medical term used for blood pressure is Hypertension (HTN). Hypertension is a common problem faced by most people today. The leading danger for many diseases such as CVD (cardiovascular) disorder and stroke is high blood pressure. Major diseases like CHF (congestive heart failure), renal disease and blindness can also be caused by HTN. Awareness of plant-based medication therapeutics is continuously increasing day by day. Morinda citrifolia L (Noni) has been used in folk remedies by Polynesians for over 2000 years, and is reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the hypotensive potential of Morinda citrifolia L (Noni) (Family: Rubiaceae) in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. Methods: Aqueous-methanol (70:30) extract of Morinda citrifolia L stem-bark extract at doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg was evaluated for its effect on blood pressure and heart rate using non-invasive blood pressure measuring apparatus. After initial screening, 100 mg/kg dose that produced a maximum effect was selected for the antihypertensive study. Median lethal dose (LD50) and sub-chronic toxicity of the extract were also determined. Various biochemical parameters and organ weight were measured using standard procedures. Results: The extract produced a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate of normotensive rats at all test doses with maximum effect at 100 mg/kg. Similarly, a significant antihypertensive and negative chronotropic effect was observed in both hypertensive models. LD50 of the extract was 200 mg/kg in mice. The extract also exhibited a reduction (p < 0.05) in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels while a significant (p < 0.05) increase in high density lipoproteins (HDL) level was observed. Conclusion: It seems that the aqueous-methanol stem-bark extract of Morinda citrifolia L possesses active compounds which may be responsible for the antihypertensive and negative chronotropic effects in rats.