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Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem

JRPB
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Published by Universitas Mataram

ISSN : 23018119 EISSN : 24431354 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Terhitung sejak tahun 2014, Program Studi Teknik Pertanian Fakultas Teknolgi Pangan dan Agroindustri Universitas Mataram telah menerbitkan secara online Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem (JRPB) sehingga dapat diakses secara luas. Jurnal ini pada umumnya memuat hasil-hasil penelitian dari mahasiswa, peneliti, akademisi, praktisi, dan pemerhati di bidang teknik pertanian dan biosistem. JRPB berupaya menjaga eksistensi penerbitannya dan berharap jurnal ini dapat menjadi salah satu media publikasi bagi semua pihak yang meminati kajian-kajian ilmiah dalam bidang ilmu Teknologi Pertanian.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 218 Documents

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Analisis Ventilasi Alamiah Pada Greenhouse Tipe Standard Peak Menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics: Natural Ventilation Analysis of Standard Peak Greenhouse using ComputationalFluid Dynamics Yayu Romdhonah; Herry Suhardiyanto; Erizal Erizal; Satyanto Krido Saptomo
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 3 No 2 (2015): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

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Standard peak greenhouse is an adapted design for the humid tropical regions. Analysis of the greenhouse natural ventilation had been conducted using 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The objective of this research was to investigate the greenhouse natural ventilation performance on zero and low windspeed conditions. SolidworksÂ® CFD software was used in this study. Climate data and greenhouse characteristics were used as inputs for the simulation. The results of CFD simulation were presented in 3D of airflow vectors in x, y, and z directions. Results of this study showed the importance of roof vents and sidewalls openings for efficient thermally driven ventilation.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN DENGAN POMPA OTOMATIS SISTEM IRIGASI TETES PADA LAHAN KERING: (Design Tools Watering Plants With Automatic Pump to Drips Irrigation System For Dry Land) Amuddin Amuddin; Joko Sumarsono
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

This study aims to (1) Designing wake automatic watering equipment on dry land, (2) Determine the effective and efficient manner, (3) Knowing more specific performance in the use of electrical power. The benefits of this research (1) automated tool that can help overcome the shortage of water in the dry season in dry land, (2) helping farmers in overcoming problems crop irrigation in the dry season / dry, (3) scientific knowledge in automation watering drip irrigation system with pump solar energy as renewable energy. The research was conducted in the village of Batu Layar Sandik District of West Lombok in April 2011 to October 2011. This study uses an experimental method with the following steps: (a) Stage Design, (b) the assembly stage and followed by (c) Phase characterization automatic watering tool. At the stage of design executed by: measuring the ambient temperature (0C), measure wind speed (km / h), determine to what size of pump power (watts); followed by stages of assembly. Then proceed with step kerakterisasi automatic watering tool in the characterization of applying completely randomized design (CRD) factorial design composed 8 treatment. The first factor is the rotation of the motor pump with 4 variations of rotation, namely (1600, 1800, 2200 and 2400 rpm). Each treatment each repeated 3 times. While the provision of irrigation water treatment drops on each network is divided into blocks, namely (I, II, III and IV blocks) are taken based on the treatment of the above factors. Each treatment was observed parameters-parameters of chilli crop water requirements. The parameters characterizing automatic sprinklers include: efficiency of crop water requirements and water use efficiency in total. Results showed (1) automatic watering device can regulate the amount and uniformity of discharge of water droplets in every hole in the use of water for plants drip irrigation system with an average of (Â± 0.5632 liters /crop), the one-time watering at each plants with 2400 rpm motor pump. (2) System drip irrigation watering holes aimed directly at the plant, the amount of water used is very small. So that the area can be watered plants covering an area of â€‹â€‹1.74 mx 2.09 m = 3.6366 m2 / plot. With a total land area is tested for this type of tomato plant and a land area of â€‹â€‹39.78 Â± m2 for the type of chilli plants, bringing the total land area of â€‹â€‹Â± 68.21 m2 on the pump discharge position of Â±72.50578 liters/minute, and then flowed through 6 Fruit of the pipeline with the average number Â±12.084297 liters perpipe on each plot. While in the pipeline, there are 16 pieces of water drain holes are directed at each plant to remove water in the respective holes per hole Â± 0.755268542 liters/minute. (3) The electric power is used to drive the pump motor in this study is similar to the output Â±0.336796 HP the uotput equal to Â±0.336796 HP x 0.7457 kWatt = 251.25 watts, where as the unused power of Â± 1.333333 watts with efisiensin power to the pump motor power calculation is divided power is used together with efficiency = 251.25 watts/1.333333 watts x 100% = 18843.75%.

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGOLAH GANYONG MULTI FINGSI [Design of Multifunctional Canna Machine] Asep Yusuf; Wahyu Kristian Sugandi; Zaida -; Ch.F. Godang Tua
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Food is a basic requirement for human beings. As the population increases, food demand will continue to increase. Food problems in Indonesia are inseparable from rice and flour, in addition to other foodstuffs such as cassava, corn, and sago (Colas, 1994). Efforts to increase rice production are not easy, since there is a massive diversion of agricultural land functions into residential and industrial areas. Indonesia has the potential of tubers as a source of carbohydrates as well as raw materials of local flour. One of the sources of local starch that can be used as flour is canna (Canna edulis Ker). The obstacles faced by smallholders/ small and medium industries (SMEs) who use canna flour that is in the post-harvest process to produce canna flour. Making starch/ canna flour generally still done traditionally, thus affecting the productivity and quality of flour produced. This study aims to design a multi-function canna processing machine to produce canna flour as food. The research method used is the engineering method, which is the activity of designing the build canna processing machine. Canna machine has been successfully made with two main functions namely: the solvent and slicer. The main components of the machine consist of: frame, solvent unit, slicer unit, transmission system, output outlet, wheel, and drive motor. Dimensions of the machine that is 90 cm long, 85 cm wide and 100 cm high. While the frame dimension is 80 cm long, 70 cm wide and 65 cm high. Functional test results show that all components work properly. Keywords: canna, canna machine, multifunctional, engine design ABSTRAK Pangan merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi manusia. Seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, maka kebutuhan pangan akan terus meningkat. Masalah pangan di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari beras dan terigu, disamping bahan pangan lainnya seperti ubi kayu, jagung, dan sagu (Colas, 1994). Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi beras bukan hal mudah, karena banyak terjadi pengalihan fungsi lahan pertanian secara massal menjadi area pemukiman dan industri. Indonesia memiliki potensi umbi-umbian sebagai sumber karbohidrat sekaligus bahan baku tepung lokal. Salah satu tanaman sumber pati lokal yang dapat dijadikan tepung adalah ganyong (Canna edulis Ker). Kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani atau Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) yang memanfaatkan tepung ganyong adalah pada proses pasca panen untuk menghasilkan tepung ganyong. Pembuatan pati atau tepung ganyong umumnya masih dikerjakan secara tradisional, sehingga mempengaruhi produktivitas serta kualitas tepung yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun mesin pengolah ganyong multi fungsi sehingga dihasilkan tepung ganyong sebagai bahan pangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode rekayasa, yaitu kegiatan merancang bangun mesin pengolah ganyong. Mesin ganyong telah berhasil dibuat dengan dua fungsi utama, yaitu: pemarut dan pengiris. Komponen utama mesin terdiri dari: rangka, unit pemarut, unit pengiris, sistem transmisi, saluran pengeluaran hasil, roda, dan motor penggerak. Dimensi mesin yaitu panjang 90 cm, lebar 85 cm dan tinggi 100 cm. Sedangkan dimensi rangka, yaitu panjang 80 cm, lebar 70 cm dan tinggi 65 cm. Hasil uji fungsional menunjukkan bahwa semua komponen berfungsi dengan baik. Kata kunci: ganyong, mesin ganyong, multi fungsi, rancang bangun mesin

ANALISIS EFISIENSI IRIGASI TETES PADA BERBAGAI TEKSTUR TANAH UNTUK TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea) [Efficiency Analysis of Drips Irrigation on Various Land Texture for Green Mustard (Brassica juncea)] Mustawa -; Sirajuddin Haji Abdullah; Guyup Mahardhian Dwi Putra
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Drip irrigation is a technology that is still being developed. Drip irrigation drains water by dripping with regular debits in accordance with plantsâ€™ need. To determine the efficiency of drip irrigation and determine the yields, trials were needed to be conducted by using three kinds of soil texture (clay, loam and sandy clay loam) and mustard plant had been chosen due to its sensitivity to irrigation. The purpose of this study was to analyzed the efficiency of drip irrigation and the water needs of green mustards (Brassica juncea) and measure its growth and productivity in various soil textures using drip irrigation. Method used in this research was experimental method by on field trials. Observed parameter was volumetric gravimetric, specific gravity, porosity, average water discharge on emitterâ€™s output, emitter uniformity, the amount of water use, the efficiency of water use, storage efficiency, surface area of glass container/polybag, the water needs of mustard plants, plant height, number of leaves, plant weight, and crop productivity. The amount of the provision water was determined by three phases, i.e. in the early phase of growth 3.78 liters/day, in the middle phase 15.3 liters/day, and the last phase7.65 liters/day. The height of mustard that grew on clay was 23.05 cm, on loam was 15.79 cm, and on sandy clay loam was 21.06 cm; the number of plant leaves on clay was 11.93 leaves, on clay was 9.60 leaves, and on sandy clay loam was 9.23 leaves; mustard plant productivity on clay was 1566.69 g/m2, on loam was 761.93 g/m2, and on sandy clay loam was 1843.41 g/m 2. Storage efficiency in early phase of clay was 22.83%, loam was 27.87% clay, and sandy clay loam was 23.41%; in the middle phase clay was 56.61%, loam was 89.18%, and sandy clay loam was 57.21%; in the last phase clay was 23.3%, loam was 67.48%, and sandy clay loam was 48.82%. Keywords: drip irrigation, soil texture, mustard plants, irrigation efficiency, productivity ABSTRAK Irigasi tetes merupakan teknologi yang masih terus dikembangkan. Dimana irigasi tetes mengalirkan air dengan secara menetes yang diatur debitnya sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman. Untuk mengetahui efisiensi irigasi tetes ini dan mengetahui produktivitas perlu melakukan pengujian yaitu diuji pada tiga macam tekstur tanah (lempung, liat dan lempung liat berpasir) dan dipilih tanaman sawi untuk mengetahui produktivits karena tanaman sawi merupakan tanaman yang sensitif terhadap irigasi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis efisiensi irigasi tetes dan kebutuhan air tanaman sawi hijau (brassica juncea) serta mengukur pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman sawi hijau (brassica juncea) pada berbagai tekstur tanah menggunakan irigasi tetes. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental dengan percobaan lapangan. Parameter pengamatan berupa berat volume tanah, berat jenis tanah, porositas, debit air rata-rata keluaran emitter, keseragaman emitter, jumlah penggunaan air, efisiensi pemakaian air, efisiensi penyimpanan, luas gelas penampung/polibag, kebutuhan air tanaman sawi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat tanaman dan produktivitas tanaman. Jumlah pemberian air dibedakan berdasarkan tiga fase pertumbuhan yaitu pada fase awal 3,78 liter/hari, fase tengah 15,3 liter/hari dan akhir 7,65 liter/hari. Tinggi tanaman sawi pada tekstur lempung 23,05 cm, liat 15,79 cm dan lempung liat berpasir 21,06 cm; jumlah daun tanaman pada tekstur lempung 11,93 helai, liat 9,60 helai dan lempung liat berpasir 9,23 helai; produktivitas tanaman sawi pada tekstur lempung 1566,69 gram/m2, liat 761,93 gram/m2 dan lempung liat berpasir 1843,41 gram/m2. Efisiensi penyimpanan pada fase awal tekstur lempung 22,83%, liat 27,87%, dan lempung liat berpasir 23,41%; pada fase tengah tekstur lempung 56,61%, liat 89,18%, lempung liat berpasi 57,21%; pada fase akhir tekstur lempung 23,3%, liat 67,48%, lempung liat berpasir 48,82%. Kata kunci: irigasi tetes, tekstur tanah, tanaman sawi, efisiensi irigasi, produktivitas

RANCANG BANGUN TUNGKU BIOMASSA MESIN PENGERING RUMPUT LAUT KAPASITAS 600 KILOGRAM PER PROSES [Design of Biomass Furnace for Seaweed Drying Machine with Capacity of 600 Kilograms per Process] Dhimas Satria; Ririn Irnawati; Sirajuddin -; Sakinah Haryati; Adi Susanto; Imron Rosyadi; Moch Maulana Rizky Wicaksono
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Drying of seaweed in Indonesia, especially in Lontar village, Serang still using manual and traditional way. Manual drying in the rainy season often results in farmers often failing to dry out the harvested. Using an artificial dryer on the market adds considerable production costs because it uses petroleum, gas and electric energi. Therefore, it takes a cost-effective artificial drier, so the final task is to make the seawater biomass fireplace furnace. The research methodology used is the design method of Pahl and Beitz with QFD. The result of this research is this biomass furnace fueled rice husk. Furnace dimension 700 mm x 700 mm x 1200 mm and combustion chamber 600 mm x 650 mm x 1000 mm, the volume of the combustion chamber 0.39 m3 and the volume of hot air space used 0.141229 m3, wall combustion chamber as heat exchangers using materials mild steel with 1.9 m2 surface area and wall thickness of 4 cm and air delivered fan with 4053.6 CMH capacities. Keywords: Pahl and Beitz, QFD, seaweed, biomass furnace ABSTRAK Pengeringan rumput laut di Indonesia, khususnya di desa Lontar Kabupaten Serang masih menggunakan cara manual dan tradisional. Pengeringan secara manual pada musim hujan sering mengakibatkan petani sering gagal mengeringkan hasil. Menggunakan pengering buatan yang ada dipasaran menambahkan biaya produksi yang cukup besar karena menggunakan energi minyak bumi, gas dan enargi listrik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengering buatan yang hemat biaya, maka dari itu tugas akhir ini membuat tungku biomassa mesin pengering rumput laut . Metodologi penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode perancangan Pahl and Beitz dengan QFD. Hasil penelitian adalah tungku biomassa ini berbahan bakar sekam padi. Tungku berdimensi 700 mm x 700 mm x 1200 mm dan ruang bakar berdimensi 600 mm x 650 mm x 1000 mm, volume ruang bakar 0,39 m3 dan volume ruang udara panas yang dipakai 0,141229 m3, dinding ruang bakar sebagai penukar kalor menggunakan material mild steel dengan luas permukaan 1,9 m2 dan tebal dinding 4 cm serta udara yang dihantarkan kipas dengan kapasita 4053,6 CMH. Kata kunci: Pahl and Beitz, QFD, rumput laut, tungku biomassa

ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR PADA SISTEM PENGAIRAN AKUAPONIK [Analysis of Water Quality in Aquaponic Irrigation System] Nur Fitria Farida; Sirajuddin Haji Abdullah; Asih Priyati
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Land conservation has impact on limitation of land and water for agriculture purposes. Availability of water and its quality has effect on plant growth and productivity. Water processing can be done through several ways among other is through aquaponics system. Aquaponics is one of alternative that can be applied to land that have limited water. Therefore, this research aimed to analysis the water quality on two aquaponics irrigations system and to measure the growth and productivity of red spinach. In this study two Aquaponics irrigation systems with three stage were used, which is ebb and flow (A11, A12, A13) and floating rafts (A21, A22, A23). Parameters used in this study are dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, salinity, ammonia, pH, growth and productivity of red spinach. Result of this study showed that each treatment in different stage had different average value of each parameter. Values of measured dissolved oxygen at ebb and flow treatment respectively A11 = 2.60 mg/l, A12 = 2.62 mg/l, A13 = 2.57 mg/l and at floating rafts respectively A21 = 2.50 mg/l, A22 = 2.44 mg/l, A23 = 2.36 mg/l. Values of electrical conductivity at ebb and flow treatment respectively A11 = 1.55 mS/cm, A12 = 1.53 mS/cm, A13 = 1.51 mS/cm and at floating raft A21 = 1.56 mS/cm, A22 = 1.56 mS/cm, A23 = 1.56 mS/cm. Average value of total dissolved solid in the ebb and flow respectively A11 = 987.8 ppm, A12 = 976.5 ppm, A13 = 965.8 ppm and at floating rafts respectively A21 = 996.5 ppm, A22 = 998.0 ppm, A23 = 999.3 ppm. Average value of salinity obtained at ebb and flow was A11 = 0.98 ppt, A12 = 0.93 ppt, A13 = 0.90 ppt and at floating rafts was A21 = 0.95 ppt, A22 = 0.98 ppt, A23 = 0.98 ppt. Ammonia value at ebb and flow was A11 = 0.025 mg/l, A12 = 0.025 mg/l, A13 = 0.024 mg/l and at floating rafts was A21 = 0.067 mg/l, A22 = 0,039 mg/l, A23 = 0,039 mg/l. Average pH value on first, second, and third stage at ebb and flow was 7.2 and at floating rafts was 7.3. Water quality affect the growth of plant height, leaves width, leaves number, weight of the plant, and plant productivity of red spinach. Keywords: aquaponics, water quality, plant growth, plant productivity ABSTRAK Konversi lahan berdampak pada keterbatasan luas lahan dan jumlah air dari berbagai aspek terutama pada pertanian. Kebutuhan air serta kualitas air pada bidang pertanian sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman. Pengairan untuk tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai macam cara, misalnya akuaponik. Akuaponik merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat diterapkan pada lahan yang sempit dan memiliki keterbatasan air. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kualitas air pada dua perlakuan sistem pengairan akuaponik dan mengukur pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman bayam merah. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua sistem pengairan akuaponik dengan tiga tingkatan, yaitu perlakuan pasang surut (A11, A12, A13) dan rakit apung (A21, A22, A23). Parameter yang di teliti, yaitu: oksigen terlarut, daya hantar listrik, total dissolved solid, salinitas, amonia, pH, pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman. Data yang diperoleh pada kedua perlakuan memiliki nilai rata-rata yang berbeda di setiap tingkatan. Nilai oksigen terlarut yang terukur pada perlakuan pasang surut sebesar A11 = 2,60 mg/l, A12 = 2,62 mg/l, A13 = 2,57 mg/l dan rakit apung A21 = 2,50 mg/l, A22 = 2,44 mg/l, A23 = 2,36 mg/l. Nilai daya hantar listrik pada perlakuan pasang surut sebesar A11 = 1,55 mS/cm, A12 = 1,53 mS/cm, A13 = 1,51 mS/cm dan rakit apung sebesar A21 = 1,56 mS/cm, A22 = 1,56 mS/cm, A23 = 1,56 mS/cm. Nilai total dissolved solid pada pasang surut sebesar A11 = 987,8 ppm, A12 = 976,5 ppm, A13 = 965,8 ppm dan rakit apung sebesar A21 = 996,5 ppm, A22 = 998,0 ppm, A23 = 999,3 ppm. Nilai rata-rata salinitas pada perlakuan pasang surut didapat sebesar A11 = 0,98 ppt, A12 = 0,93 ppt, A13 = 0,90 ppt dan rakit apung sebesar A21 = 0,95 ppt, A22 = 0,98 ppt, A23 = 0,98 ppt. Nilai amonia pada pasang surut sebesar A11 = 0,025 mg/l, A12 =0,025 mg/l, A13 = 0,024 mg/l dan rakit apung A21 = 0,067 mg/l, A22 = 0,039 mg/l, A23 = 0,039 mg/l. Nilai rata-rata pH baik tingkat satu, dua, dan tiga pada perlakuan pasang surut sebesar 7,2 dan rakit apung sebesar 7,3. Kualitas air yang didapatkan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan baik dari tinggi tanaman, lebar daun, jumlah daun, berat tanaman, dan produktivitas tanaman. Kata kunci: akuaponik, kualitas air, pertumbuhan tanaman, produktivitas tanaman

UJI KINERJA SISTEM PEMANTAUAN VOLUME BIOGAS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO PADA BIODIGESTER TIPE FLOATING DRUM [Test Performance of Monitoring System Based on Arduino Microcontroller in Floating Drum Type Biodigester] Diah Ajeng Setiawati; Guyup Mahardhian Dwi Putra; Wahyu Kristian Sugandi
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

This research aimed to monitor biogas volume produced in floating drum type biodigester. The experiment used mixed cow dung and water of 1:2. The designed Arduino microcontroller based monitoring system used HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and MQ4 gas sensor respectively for monitor the floating drum distance and produced biogas. Parameter observed were ADC value and input voltage of distance sensor (volt); biogas concentration (ppm); sensor distance to the floating drum (cm); biogas volume (cm3); biogas temperature (Â°C); and water height difference in manometer (mm). Result showed that the designed monitoring system based on Arduino could work properly and displayed the biogas production on the LCD. Keywords: arduino, biogas, floating drum, monitoring ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memantau volume biogas yang terbentuk pada biodigester tipe floating drum. Sistem pemantauan yang dirancang berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonik HC SR04 dan sensor gas MQ4 berturut-turut untuk memantau jarak floating drum dan biogas terbentuk. Parameter yang diamati adalah nilai ADC dan tegangan input sensor jarak (volt); konsentrasi biogas (ppm); Jarak sensor ke floating drum (cm); Volume biogas (cm3); suhu biogas dalam biodigester (Â°C), suhu lingkungan (Â°C); dan beda tinggi air dalam manometer, h (mm). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan campuran kotoran sapi dan air dengan rasio 1 : 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemantauan berbasis Arduino yang dirancang dapat bekerja dengan baik dan mampu menampilkan produksi biogas yang terbentuk pada LCD. Kata kunci: arduino, biogas, floating drum, pemantauan

UJI KINERJA DAN ANALISIS EKONOMI MESIN PENGUPAS BAWANG MERAH (MPB TEP-0315) [Test Performance and Economical Analysis of Shallot Skin Sheller Machine (MBP TEP-0315)] Wahyu Kristian Sugandi; M. Ade Moetangad Kramadibrata; Asri Widyasanti; Andhini Rosyana Putri
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

The vacuum-pneumatic type of the modified shallot skin sheller (MPB TEP-0315) has to be specified its technical and economical feasibility. An explanatory descriptive analysis has been employed to observe, measure, and re-account the details. Results from performance test showed that its theoretical and actual capacities were 52.48 kg/h and 31.24 kg/h, respectively at a machine efficiency of 59.60 percent at a required power (for compressor and decompressor) of 2092.6 W and at a shelling yield of 70.20 percent. The average level of noissiness was 69.25 dBA. Whilst the average machine vibration with or without load were 0.67 mm/s and 1.67 mm/s, respectively. Based on economic analysis this shelling business would be reasonable at a net present value (NPV) of Rp 30.618.320,- at an internal rate of return (IRR) of 68.83%, where the benefit cost ratio (BCR) would be 1.20. While the pay back period (PBP) would be reached in the 2nd year of investation. Keywords: economic analysis, shelling machine, performance test ABSTRAK Mesin pengupas kulit bawang Tipe Vakum-Pneumatik (MPB TEP-0315) hasil modifikasi perlu dideskripsikan spesifikasi dan kelayakan ekonominya. Metode analisis deskriptif eksplanatori digunakan untuk mengamati mengukur, dan menghitung kinerja mesin serta kinerja ekonomi. Hasil uji kinerja menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas teoritis dan aktual mesin berturut-turut adalah 14,57 g/detik, dan 8,67 g/detik dengan efisiensi mesin 59,60%, dan pada kebutuhan daya (untuk kompresor dan dekompresor) 2092,6 W rendemen pengupasan 70,20%. Tingkat kebisingan mesin rata-rata 69,25 dBA. Sementara getaran mesin rata-rata dengan dan tanpa beban beruturut-turut adalah 0,67 mm/s dan 1,67 mm/s. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi usaha pengupasan bawang merah memenuhi syarat pada nilai bersih sekarang (net present value, NPV) Rp 30.618.320,- , laju pengembalian modal (internal rate of return, IRR) 68,83%, rasio laba-biaya (benefit cost ratio, BCR) 1,20. Sedangkan periode pengembalian modal (pay back period, PBP) investasi tercapai pada tahun ke-2. Kata kunci: analisis ekonomi, mesin pengupas, uji kinerja

SCALE UP DAN UJI TEKNIS ALAT PENGERING TIPE FLUIDIZED BED [Scale Up and Technical Test of Fluidized Bed Dryer] -, Suryadi; -, Sukmawaty; Putra, Guyup Mahardhian Dwi
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

The available Fluidized Bed dryer has low drying capacity so it is necessary to increase the dimensions to improve the drying capacity. This study aimed to increased the dimensions of the Fluidized Bed dryer, to determined the drying capacity, and to conducted technical tests. This research was conducted at Power and Agriculture Machinery, Faculty of Food and Agroindustrial Technology, University of Mataram. The method used in this research was experimental method with mathematical approach. The parameters used in this study was the scale parameter and technical test parameters. Scale Up Fluidized Bed dryer was done in the drying chamber which includes the dimensions of the drying chamber and drying capacity. Technical testing included air flow velocity, the minimum fluidization velocity, temperature, drying time and space dryer efficiency. The drying chamber is a cylinder with a diameter of 40 cm, height 200 cm and 0.1256 m2 area of the base. The capacity of the Fluidized Bed dryer before Scale Up was 4 kg and the capacity after Scale Up was 8 kg. The speed of air flow through the drying chamber was 3 m/s. The distribution of temperature during the drying process ranges between 40-50â„ƒ and 50-60â„ƒ. According to the research, the more the masses drained, the longer the time required to dry the material. The efficiency of the drying chamber mostly present in the temperature range of 50-60â„ƒ with a value of 94.04%. Keywords: fluidized bed, scale up, technical test ABSTRAK Alat pengering Fluidized Bed yang tersedia memiliki kapasitas pengeringan yang rendah sehingga diperlukan peningkatan ukuran dimensi alat untuk meningkatkan kapasitas pengeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ukuran dimensi alat pengering Fluidized Bed, menentukan kapasitas pengeringan dan melakukan uji teknis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Daya dan Mesin Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri Universitas Mataram. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan pendekatan matematis. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah parameter Scale Up dan parameter uji teknis. Scale Up alat pengering Fluidized Bed dilakukan pada bagian ruang pengering yang meliputi dimensi ruang pengering dan kapasitas pengeringan. Uji teknis meliputi kecepatan aliran udara, kecepatan minimum fluidisasi, suhu, waktu pengeringan, dan efisiensi ruang pengering. Ruang pengering berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 40 cm, tinggi 200 cm, dan luas alas 0,1256 m2. Kapasitas alat pengering Fluidized Bed sebelum Scale Up adalah 4 kg dan kapasitas setelah Scale Up sebesar 8 kg. Kecepatan aliran udara yang melewati ruang pengering adalah 3 m/s. Sebaran suhu selama proses pengeringan berkisar antara 40-50â„ƒ dan 50-60â„ƒ. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian semakin banyak massa yang dikeringkan semakin lama waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengeringkan bahan tersebut. Efisiensi ruang pengering yang paling besar terdapat pada kisaran suhu 50-60â„ƒ dengan nilai 94,04%. Kata kunci: fluidized bed, scale up, uji teknis

UJI PERFORMANSI RICE TRANSPLANTER TIPE WALKING MODEL PF48 (2 ZS-4A) DI DESA TANJUNG KECAMATAN TANJUNG KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA-NTB Ni Luh Tri Dewi Lestari; Murad -; Asih Priyati
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 5 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

In order to improve the performance of workers and crops, especially rice, the government provides agricultural technology, in the form of rice transplanter machine, to groups of farmer in Tanjung Village, Tanjung Subdistrict, North Lombok Regency. Rice transplanter is a machine used to distribute the plant rice evenly. In this research, the performance of walking type rice transplanter machine PF48 (2 ZS-4A) model was carried out on rice field in Tanjung Village, Tanjung Subdistrict, North Lombok Regency, with the aim to conduct performance testand to determine effectiveness and efficiency of the rice transplanter machine, at various area of paddy fields andvarious planting systems. Method used was experimental by conducting on field research. Research parameters consist of land condition during planting, crops condition, planting line distance, number of clumps per hole, depth of planting, total planting time, tool speed, effective field capacity, theoretical field capacity, and field efficiency. Data analysis in this research were conducted from the measurement at the beginning of the operation of rice transplanter machine on different area, i.e. the smallest (400 m2), moderate (700 m2), and the biggest (1,000 m2), and using different planting system (elongated and shortened). In the terms of area, this study showed field efficiency on the largest plot (1,000 m2) is more efficient (83%) compared to other plots. Whereas field efficiency based on planting system showed that the elongated system is more efficient than shortened system. The field efficiency obtained on the elongated system is above 50%, i.e. 68% for the smallest area, 75% for moderate area, and 83% for the largest one. While the efficiency on the shortened system is 24% for the smallest area, 35% for moderate area, and 45% for the largest area. Keywords: effectiveness, efficiency, rice transplanter, planting system, rice plan ABSTRAK Dalam meningkatkan kinerja pekerja dan hasil panen khususnya padi, pemerintah memberikan teknologi pertanian berupa mesin rice transplanter kepada kelompok tani di Desa Tanjung, Kecamatan Tanjung, Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Mesin rice transplanter merupakan mesin yang digunakan untuk menanam padi secara merata. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji performansi mesin rice transplanter tipe walking model PF48 (2 ZS-4A) pada lahan persawahan di Desa Tanjung Kecamatan Tanjung Kabupaten Lombok Utara dengan tujuan untuk melakukan uji performansi mesin rice transplanter serta mengetahui efektivitas dan efisiensi mesin rice transplanter terhadap berbagai luas petakan sawah dan sistem tanam. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan penelitian dilakukan dilapangan. Parameter penelitian dari kondisi lahan saat penanaman, keadaan hasil tanam, jarak baris tanam, jumlah rumpun per lubang, kedalaman tanam, total waktu tanam, kecepatan maju alat, kapasitas lapang efektif, kapasitas lapang teoritis dan efisiensi lapang. Analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah pengukuran dari awal pengoperasian mesin rice transplanter pada luasan yang berbeda, yaitu terkecil (400 m2), sedang (700 m2) dan terbesar (1.000 m2) serta penggunaan sistem tanam yang berbeda (memanjang dan memendek) pada setiap petakan. Pada penelitian ini, dari segi luasan, efisiensi lapang pada petakan terbesar (1.000 m2) lebih efisien (83%) dibandingkan dengan petakan lainnya. Sedangkan, efisiensi lapang berdasarkan sistem tanam lebih efisien dengan menggunakan sistem memanjang dibandingkan dengan sistem memendek. Di mana efisiensi lapang yang didapatkan pada sistem memanjang di atas 50%, yaitu 68% untuk luasan terkecil, 75% untuk luasan sedang, dan 83% untuk luasan terbesar. Sedangkan pada sistem memendek, didapatkan efisiensi 24% untuk luasan terkecil, 35% untuk luasan sedang dan 45% untuk luasan terbesar. Kata kunci: efektivitas, efisiensi, rice transplanter, sistem tanam, tanaman padi

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