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Journal of Language and Literature
ISSN : 14105691     EISSN : 25805878     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24071/joll
Journal of Language and Literature presents articles on the study of language and literature. Appropriate topics include studies on language, translation, and literary texts. To be considered for publication, articles must be in English.
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Articles 546 Documents
Ambivalent Occidentalism in Mochtar Lubis’s Cold War Literature Maut dan Cinta  Taufiqurrohman, Muhammad; Sudibyo, Sudibyo; Manshur, Fadlil Munawwar
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.12538

Abstract

This article revisits Maut dan Cinta (1977), a seminal Cold War-era novel by Indonesian author Mochtar Lubis, to examine how the text engages with cultural imperialism in postcolonial Indonesia through its complex portrayal of the Occident. Employing Martin Suryajaya’s “wide-close-deep” methodology—a three-pronged framework for literary analysis—the study situates Lubis’s work within Indonesia’s Cold War cultural politics, highlighting the author’s contested ideological stance. Through the lenses of Occidentalism and cultural imperialism, the analysis reveals Lubis’s profound ambivalence toward Western influence: while critiquing Western hegemony and cautioning against uncritical adoption of Western values, his works simultaneously echo the capitalist Bloc’s anticommunist rhetoric, and his cultural-intellectual networks remain entrenched in Western capital. This paradox deepens with Lubis’s selective embrace of Western liberalism, which coexists with a striking silence on capitalism’s role in perpetuating global inequality. Crucially, his vehement rejection of communist internationalism starkly contrasts with his reluctance to address capitalism’s transnational exploitation of the Global South—a contradiction epitomized by his protagonist Sadeli’s distorted view of the Occident and the characters’ failure to recognize global capitalism’s neocolonial and culturally imperialist dynamics. By unpacking these tensions, the study argues that Lubis’s ambivalence in Maut dan Cinta reflects the broader ideological fissures of postcolonial intellectual resistance during the Cold War, caught between anti-imperialist critique and complicity in hegemonic structures. 
Speech Act Analysis in “Mayonaka no Doa”: A Pragmatic Study of Japanese-English Bilingual Lyrics Handayani, Wiwik Retno
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.10924

Abstract

Analysis of speech acts in song lyrics is crucial to understanding how language functions as a communication tool rich in meaning and emotion. The Japanese song Mayonaka no Doa (Stay with Me), sung by Miki Matsubara in 1979, has now stolen attention again in the era of social media. Its repeated popularity on various platforms makes this song an interesting topic for study based on speech act theory. This research aims to recognize and examine the statements found in the song’s lyrics while also investigating how language use conveys the emotions and scenarios faced by the singer and how it connects with the feelings and experiences of the listeners. By doing so, this study seeks to highlight the profound impact of the song’s lyrics on both the performer and the audience, showing the ways in which language serves as a powerful emotional tool for communication. This research employs a distinctive qualitative descriptive analysis with a pragmatic perspective, distinguishing it from conventional studies in the discipline. The researcher assessed each verse of the lyrics to identify locution, illocution, and perlocution. The study results show that various locutionary speech acts play a role in conveying information, emotions, and circumstances. The illocutionary speech acts in these lyrics include expressive, directive, assertive, and commitment, each reflecting a complex communication dimension. In addition, the perlocutionary speech act indicates that the lyrics of this song have a profound emotional impact on the listeners, influencing their emotions, hopes, and thoughts. This finding illustrates the beauty of language in music and the audience’s active role in the communication process. It provides insight into how lyrics can serve as a means of deep emotional expression for listeners, strengthening the connection between music and human experience.  
Terrified Girls and Furious Boys: Does the Discourse around face and eyes in British Children's Fiction Reinforce Gender Stereotypes? Poynter, Elizabeth
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.11673

Abstract

Language in context frequently reflects conscious or unconscious gender stereotypes. With children's literature, this may contribute to the development of a stereotypical gender identity. This study examines the linguistic context of two body parts, face and eyes, in two corpora of British children's fiction: adventure books aimed at 'boys and girls', and school and family stories aimed at girls only. Both corpora comprise texts from the mid-twentieth century, which is regarded as a period of strong gender polarisation, and specifically popular rather than prizewinning texts. Analysis employed LancsBox 6.0 corpus software. Faces and eyes may both be used to express emotion, and particular emotions have been associated with traditional binary gender stereotypes. It was hypothesised that these corpora would demonstrate such binary stereotyping. The study found considerable overlap between the two genres, but some distinctions suggesting that the literature for girls was somewhat less stereotyped than that aimed at a mixed readership. The expression of some emotions, such as fear and anger, tended to suggest stereotypical linking of these emotions with a particular gender, although less strongly than has been found in some other studies. It is hoped that these findings will contribute to our understanding of how a child's developing gender identity may be influenced.
Framing Analysis in the Papua Conflict in Benar News and The Guardian Saputra, Nur Hidayat Hadi; Sayogie, Frans
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.12795

Abstract

The conflict in Papua has been ongoing since 1963 due to the Papuans' intention for independence. This conflict has been reported in many news media. Two news media outlets, Benar News and The Guardian, use framing when reporting issues related to the conflict in Papua. The framing in Benar News and The Guardian shapes the perceptions toward the issue of the Papua conflict. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the use of framing analysis in Benar News and The Guardian while reporting the problem related to the conflict in Papua and the depiction shown by Benar News and The Guardian when reporting the conflict in Papua. Using qualitative methods, this study applies Robert Entman's framing analysis approach, supported by text analysis in critical discourse analysis (CDA) by van Dijk, to analyze the data taken from two news outlets about the release of the pilot as one of the conflicts in Papua in Benar News and The Guardian. The findings reveal that Benar News and The Guardian frame the issue corresponding to the news. Benar News depicts the event as the Indonesian authorities' effort to release the pilot, who is captivated and taking a side toward Indonesia. Besides that, The Guardian depicts the issue as how the Papuan separatists face a struggle to gain independence that makes them kidnap the pilot as a bargaining chip, but heroically value human rights by releasing the pilot. Then, The Guardian takes a side toward the Papuans. This brings the idea that framing analysis supported by text analysis in CDA reveals how the news media present the issue to audiences. Therefore, the application of framing analysis supported by CDA's text analysis indicates that Benar News and The Guardian examine framing when reporting the issue of the Papua conflict according to their view.
Gender Based Adjacency Pairs Analysis Found in Barbie: the Movie and Its Translation Darta, Deta Maria Sri; Widiningrum, Rindang; Suryaningsih, Ervin; FanggidaE, Erio
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.12060

Abstract

Conversation Analysis is a part of Discourse Analysis that is usually used to analyze conversations in human interaction. Since movies can be considered as a piece of literature made to resemble real life, this theory is adapted to discuss how characters in the movies interact to communicate. The different styles of communication between characters of different genders is a gripping subject to explore. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze conversations between female-male, female-female, and male-male characters in the movie Barbie.   Since the data gathered were utterances in conversation, the adjacency pairs in the conversation were analyzed to see the pattern. The finding showed that there were differences in the types of adjacency pairs used between females and males in conversation. Female-Female conversations in Barbie tend to have more variety in types of adjacency pairs used if compared to Male-Male conversations. Meanwhile, the conversation between different genders, if initiated by a female (Female-Male conversations), was likely to have numerous types of adjacency pairs in contrast to if initiated by a male (Male-Female conversations). When the Indonesian subtitle was analyzed, there were no types of adjacency pairs modified through translation.   The findings also revealed that certain types of adjacency pairs were found only in specific gender conversations. Furthermore, the discussion revealed that gender plays a role in the choice of adjacency pairs employed.
Prompting ChatGPT for Translation: Lexical and Syntactical Customization in Translation of “The Tree Rhyme” Nuraeni, Ardianna
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.11799

Abstract

With the advancement of ChatGPT, scholars are delving deeper into the tool's ability to generate various texts, including literary texts. It becomes potential due to the lack investigations on prompting ChatGPT for translating children’s nursery rhymes, particularly in Indonesia, making to the novelty of this study. This article demonstrates how ChatGPT reacts to different prompts when translating a nursery rhyme “The Tree Rhyme”, by concentrating on the lexical and syntactical customization. This preliminary investigation was conducted in three phases: 1) prompt design, which includes one basic prompt functioning as a baseline for comparison and three other prompts functioning as clues to explain the case of linguistic customization; 2) text generation, which takes a level-2 nursery rhyme book entitled “The Tree Rhyme” from a digital repository, StoryWeaver; and 3) linguistic customization evaluation, which was done by comparing ChatGPT’s translations in response to the four provided prompts and observing the lexical and syntactical customization. The findings reveal that ChatGPT's lexical customization includes changing the last word of stanzas, reducing the number of syllables, subtracting words, and displaying child-friendly expressions. These modifications cannot result in translations that maintain the original text's rhyme scheme. Regarding the syntactical customization, ChatGPT generates concise structures containing aspects of children's literature by reordering, unit shifting, sentence simplification, direct construction, and phrase simplification, but still unable to replicate the ST’s rhyme scheme. In conclusion, ChatGPT changes diction and simplifies sentences when reacting to cues to translate the nursery rhyme, but it cannot preserve the ST’s rhyme scheme.
Speech Acts Analysis on a Companion of Child Victim of Sexual Violence Crimes in an Investigative Interview Vidhiasi, Dhion Meitreya
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.10990

Abstract

This research is a forensic linguistic study that concentrates on the analysis of speech acts spoken by a companion from one of the representative offices of a ministry in Cilacap during an investigative interview between an investigator and a child victim of a sexual violence crime. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the speech of a child victim and a companion during an investigative interview that occurred at a police station in Cilacap. This investigation is qualitative in nature and is structured as a case study. Speech data were collected during the investigative interview using listening and note-taking techniques. The data were subsequently analyzed in accordance with Weigand’s (2010) dialogic speech act theory. Additionally, the function and authority of a companion in the investigative interview process are clarified by the Regulation of the Minister of Women Empowerment and Child Protection of the Republic of Indonesia (Permen PPPA) No. 2 of 2022. The analysis results indicate that the code of ethics outlined in Permen PPPA No. 2 of 2022 is contravened by the companion’s dominance of the explorative speech act and the presence of the directive speech act. This implies that the companion must be re-informed about the code of ethics outlined in the Women Empowerment and Child Protection Regulation No. 2 of 2022. The findings of this research have the potential to assist the relevant ministries in enhancing the efficacy and authority of an assistant in the interview process related to the investigation of sexual violence crimes.
Deontic Obligations in Anti-Sexual Harassment Policies in Tertiary Institutions: A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Approach Ayine, Bernard; Suom-Kogle, Cornelius Fuumaale; Amoakohene, Benjamin; Akoto, Osei Yaw
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.12372

Abstract

Sexual harassment in higher education is a pervasive issue that carries serious implications for both institutional reputation and the well-being of victims. To address this, universities have developed anti-sexual harassment policies to guide in managing such incidents. However, the language of these documents can sometimes hinder victims’ willingness to report perpetrators. This study examined the use of deontic modalities in the anti-sexual harassment policies of three major Ghanaian universities: the University of Ghana, the University of Cape Coast, and the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. The dataset comprised three official policy documents totaling 21219 tokens and 2675 word types, which were compiled into a specialized corpus. Using LancsBox software, we categorised the modal verbs into three deontic obligations (necessity, advisability, and possibility) and analyzed them from both institutional and victim/complainant perspectives. The findings revealed the presence of 580 modal verbs across the corpus. Deontic necessity was the most prominent, accounting for 55% of occurrences, followed by possibility (33.1%) and advisability (11.9%). Within the context of deontic necessity, institutional perspectives dominated (84.6%), framing universities as the primary agents of responsibility in combating sexual harassment, while victim/complainant perspectives were less emphasized (15.4%). Possibility and advisability were used more flexibly, offering discretionary or optional courses of action, though these too were largely framed from the institutional standpoint. By demonstrating the dominance of institutional responsibility and the limited framing of victims’ agency, this study highlights how policy language shapes institutional responses and reporting behavior. These findings contribute to the understanding of how linguistic choices in legal-institutional discourse influence power relations and victim engagement.
Coterminous Uppercut: An Analysis of Boxing Metaphors in Selected Ghanaian Political Cartoons Boakye-Yiadom, George
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.10440

Abstract

This study examines the use of boxing metaphors by Ghanaian political cartoonists to communicate socio-political issues, with a particular focus on the depiction of election outcomes and the portrayal of heated arguments or legal disputes.  In order to gain a representative sample, ten political cartoons related to boxing scenes were downloaded from Tilapia of 3 News and Akosua of the Daily Guide. In terms of the theoretical framework that informs this study, Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) and Fauconnier and Turner's conceptual blending/integration theory (CBT) are employed in conjunction with Šorm and Steen's VISMIP for the purposes of analysis. The application of CMT to the data led to the identification of conceptual metaphors such as "BOXING IS ELECTION", “WINNING A BOXING MATCH IS WINNING AN ELECTION”, LOSING A BOXING MATCH IS LOSING AN ELECTION and "POLITICAL PARTIES ARE SPORTS TEAMS," etc. The analysis demonstrates that cartoonists employ boxing metaphors to portray electoral outcomes, reflecting the combative and high-stakes nature of Ghanaian elections.  Once more, cartoonists persistently depict the victorious candidates in elections as triumphant boxers. Moreover, the utilization of boxing scenarios in political cartoons by cartoonists facilitates the comprehension of the message, as people are both familiar with and passionate about boxing, thereby rendering the intended meaning more readily understandable. In conclusion, the universality of boxing lends a global dimension to the message, facilitating comprehension of the cartoonist's message by a global audience. 
How Do These Knock-Knock Jokes Work? A Pragmatic Analysis of Humor Lestari, Indah Bunga; Wisasongko, Wisasongko; Khazanah, Dewianti
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 25, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v25i2.11860

Abstract

Humor practices have been approached using different theories. Some of the humor is universal, but it will be different when the cultural nuance interplays with it. This study aims to analyze the construction of humor in the Knock-Knock Jokes tweets on the comment section of an Indonesian base account on X, which was formerly known as Twitter, named @englishfess_, and the contribution of cultural context in creating the humorous effect in the jokes.  This study used Raskin's Script-Based Semantic Theory of Humor (SSTH) to analyze the types of humor used in the data and Grice's Theory of Maxim to analyze the flouting of maxims in the creation of the jokes, as well as the cultural context theory. Using a qualitative research method, this study collected 20 data in the form of snapshots of X users' tweets in the comment section. It was found that the humor of the Knock-Knock Jokes tweets mostly comes from the use of incongruity types of humor, the flouting of the maxim of relation, and the cultural contexts. As the punchlines of the jokes frequently used certain Indonesian cultures, these Knock-Knock Jokes tweets have a unique humor, and may only be understood by those who have a similar cultural background to the tweeters of the joke.