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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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The role of night shift work on blood pressure among healthy female nurses Merijanti, Lie T.; Samara, Diana; Tandean, Reza; Harrianto, Ridwan
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.65-71

Abstract

Although hypertension is probably the most common disease on earth, little is known about the association between shift work and hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of night shift work and blood pressure among healthy nurses. A cross-sectional study was performed from March to April 2007 among 152 healthy female nurses from one hospital in Central Jakarta. Historical data were obtained from a self-administered detailed questionnaire, while anthropometric and blood pressure variables were measured directly. Shift workers had a significantly lower age (29.2 ± 5.6 years) and shorter job experience (6.9 ± 5.9 years) than day workers (age = 36.5 ± 8.7 years; job experience 15.4 ± 8.4 years). There was a higher prevalence of overweight individuals among shift workers (31/43 = 72.1%) in comparison with day workers (12/43 = 27.9%), even though the difference in prevalence did not reach statistical significance (p=0.121). Analysis of covariance yielded a significant relationship between shift work and systolic blood pressure (p=0.046), even after taking into account age and job experience. Systolic blood pressure was significantly influenced by shift working, while diastolic blood pressure was not (p=0.283). Working in the hospital on a 24-hour shift leads to abnormally high systolic blood pressure in female nurses, thus suggesting that this type of work may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Dietary salt reduction for control of hypertension Tjan, Richard
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.71-72

Abstract

In developed as well as developing countries, the four main factors affecting blood pressure are high salt intake, low potassium intake, overweight, and low physical activity level. This is also true for the increase in blood pressure with advancing age, occurring in all societies. It is now accepted that excess dietary salt raises blood pressure levels, whereas dietary salt reduction reduces blood pressure and prevents vascular complications.(1) The effect of salt on blood pressure is presumably due to the inability of the kidneys to excrete large amounts of salt, as humans are evolutionary adapted to ingest and excrete less than 1 gram of salt per day.(2) In this connection it should be noted that the more important element in common salt (sodium chloride) is the sodium ion, and any restrictions applying to common salt also apply to all food items that contain sodium ions, such as sodium glutamate and baking soda.
Stress as a major determinant of migraine in women aged 25-65 years Woro Riyadina; Lelly Andayasari
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.141-150

Abstract

BACKGROUNDMigraine is a primary headache causing substantial disability in patients. The prevalence of migraine in women is still high. Menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, menopause, and the use of hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement treatment may influence migraine occurrence. The aim of this study was to determine the major determinants of migraine in adult women aged 25-65 years.METHODSA cross-sectional study of 2,747 women from the baseline study “Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases”. The dependent variable was migraine based on the diagnosis of health providers or symptoms. Independent variables were demographic (age, marital status, education) and behavioral (smoking, diet, and stress) characteristics, metabolic disorders (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia), and hormonal factors (contraception and hormone therapy). Data were collected through interviews (characteristics, health and hormonal status, diet), measurement (anthropometrics, blood pressure), and health examination (blood specimens, neurology). Data were analyzed by chisquare test and multiple logistic regression.RESULTSMigraine in adult women was found in 710 cases (25.8%) with symptoms ofworsening with activity (15%), nausea and vomiting (13%), and photophobia/ phonophobia (4.1%). The main determinant of migraine in adult women was stress with a 2.47-fold risk [95% CI = 2.07 to 2.95] as compared with no stress, after controlling for smoking, menstruation and hormonal drug consumption.CONCLUSIONStress is a major determinant of migraine in adult women, therefore healthprograms should be instituted through health promotion, prevention and education to control stress.
Effect of aerobic exercise on blood lipid levels in postmenopausal women Mawi, Martiem
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.17-24

Abstract

High blood total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG), and low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are related to risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) development. Growing evidence indicates that physical exercise can prevent at least some of the negative effects on health associated with post. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular aerobic exercise for 12 weeks on the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. An experimental study was conducted comprising 62 postmenopausal women, aged 50-70 years, not on hormonal therapy, consuming a regular diet, living in East and South Jakarta, and willing to perform aerobic exercises regularly. The results of this study showed that all four lipid levels differed significantly between the control group and the intervention group, the respective mean levels ± SD for TC being 228.0 ± 39.7 mg/dL vs. 171.6 ± 18.4 mg/dL, (p = 0.000); for LDL-C 149.0 ± 36.9 mg/dL vs. 97.7 ± 17.8 mg/dL, (p = 0.000); for HDL-C 50.9 ± 3.9 mg/dL vs. 71.5 ± 6.7 mg/dL, (p = 0.000); and for triglycerides 150.5 ± 67.5 mg/dL vs. 95.0 ± 37.8 mg/dL (p = 0.000). Thus practitioners recommending exercise for coronary artery disease risk reduction in postmenopausal women.
Validity of pleural lactate dehydrogenase measurements in assessment of pleural effusions Elisna Syahruddin; Lia G. Partakusuma; Rita Khairani
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.105-112

Abstract

Background Pleural effusions are classified into transudates and exudates based on Light’s criteria, but the main disadvantage of Light’s criteria is the misclassification of transudates as exudates in about 20% of cases. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of various biochemical parameters to differentiate pleural exudates and transudates.MethodsAn observational study to evaluate diagnostics tests was conducted at the emergency department of Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, from September 2010 until December 2011. In total, 119 patients with pleural effusion were evaluated. Simultaneous pleural effusion and blood samples were examined for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, cholesterol and albumin, with the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard. ResultsThere were 104 exudative and 15 transudative pleural effusions. Light’s criteria achieved a higher overall accuracy (sensitivity 97%, specificity 80%, accuracy 95%). The optimum cut off values were pleural fluid to serum ratio of LDH 0.4 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 87%, accuracy 94%) and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L (sensitivity 92%, specificity 87%, accuracy 92%). Pleural fluid cholesterol was 50 mg/dL (sensitivity 89%, specificity 53%, accuracy 85%), pleural fluid to serum cholesterol ratio 0.41 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 53%, accuracy 72%) and serum-effusion albumin gradient 1.3 g/dL (sensitivity 91%, specificity 73%, accuracy 89%). Combination of biochemical tests did not improve sensitivity or accuracy.ConclusionsLight’s criteria remain superior to other biochemical tests, but the new cut off values of LDH pleural fluid to serum ratio of 0.4 and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L appears to yield a slight improvement in diagnostic accuracy.
Hexane neem leaf extract more potent than ethanol extract against Aspergillus flavus Jenny Hidayat; Ay Ly Margaret; Hanna Yolanda; Lies K. Wibisono
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.171-178

Abstract

BACKGROUND Aspergillus flavus is one of the causes of aspergillosis, with a high virulence and resistance to standard antifungals, resulting in a high mortality rate. Medicinal plants are increasingly used as they are relatively safer with minimal side effects. Previously we found that the ethanol extract of neem (Azadirachta indica A Juss) leaves inhibits A. flavus growth in vitro. However, most chemical compounds with antifungal effect are nonpolar. The purpose of this research was to compare the antifungal effect of neem leaves extracted in a nonpolar solvent to that of leaves extracted in a polar solvent. METHODS An in vitro experimental research was conducted between October 2013 and January 2014. Neem leaves were extracted in ethanol or hexane at various concentrations. A macrodilution test with 48-hour incubation time was done in triplicate on 8 groups of samples. These comprised the neem leaf ethanol extract (NLEE) at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/dL, neem leaf hexane extract (NLHE) at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/dL, positive control, and negative control groups. Fungal growth was detected on Sabouroud dextrose agar. Statistical analysis used Chi square and Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS NLHE had a higher, but statistically non-significant, inhibitory effect on A. flavus than NLEE (p=0.996). At higher concentrations, the antifungal effect of NLHE is better than that of NLEE. CONCLUSION There is no significant difference in in-vitro inhibitory effectivity on A. flavus of neem leaves between extracts in polar and nonpolar solvents.
Aloe vera extract reduces 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine levels and improves total antioxidants in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Christijanti, Wulan; Marianti, Aditya; Isnaeni, Wiwi
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.34-41

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by lack of insulin production in the pancreas or by insulin resistance, the disease being characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia in diabetes could lead to oxidative stress due to the rise in 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels and the decrease in levels of total antioxidant status (TAS). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect Aloe vera extract on 8-oxo-dG level and total antioxidant status in diabetic rat testis. MethodsThis was an experimental laboratory study with 20 rat samples which were divided into 4 groups (1 control group and 3 treatment groups). Diabetes was induced in the rats by streptozotocin (STZ) at 65 mg/kgBW. The diabetic rats were then treated for 28 days with Aloe vera extract at 0 mg (P0), 200 mg rind (P1), 200 mg pulp (P2), respectively. The level of 8 -oxo-dG was measured by ELISA and total antioxidant status with 2,2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Least Significant Difference Advanced Test at P<0.05. Results8-Oxo-dG levels were significantly different between the control group and both P0 and P2, but not between the control group and P1. Among the treatment groups the 8-oxo-dG levels were significantly different. Mean total antioxidant status was significantly different between control and treatment groups, and also between treatment groups (p<0.05). ConclusionsAloe vera extract reduced free radicals (level of 8-oxo-dG) and increased the total antioxidant status in diabetic rat testis. 
Profil keparahan cedera pada korban kecelakaan sepeda motor di Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSUP Fatmawati Riyadina, Woro; Subik, Ita Puspitasari
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.64-72

Abstract

Latar belakangProporsi disabilitas dan case fatality rate cedera akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas masih tinggi (25%). Cedera akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan penyebab utama disabilitas dan mortalitas di negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan profil keparahan cedera yang dialami oleh korban kecelakaan lalu lintas sepeda motor yang masuk ke bagian Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (IGD RSUP) Fatmawati.MetodePenelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian “Pengembangan Surveilans Cedera Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Pengendara Sepeda Motor.” Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama 1 bulan yaitu selama bulan Oktober 2005. Responden adalah pengendara sepeda motor baik sebagai pengemudi maupun penumpang yang mengalami kecelakaan lalu lintas dan masuk ke IGD rumah sakit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara terhadap korban kecelakaan maupun pengantar dengan menggunakan formulir register cedera.Hasil Korban kecelakaan sepeda motor yang masuk ke IGD RSUP Fatmawati selama kurun waktu 1 bulan sebanyak 138 orang. Karakteristik korban adalah mayoritas laki-laki 73,9%, berumur sekitar 21-30 tahun 43,5%, pendidikan setingkat SMU 59,4% dan bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta 55,8%. Kondisi korban yang mengalami cedera ringan sekitar 52,2%, cedera parah 47,8%. Daerah cedera meliputi kepala 55,1% dengan commotio cerebri 6,5%, kaki 12,3% dan lutut/tungkai bawah 9,4%. Jenis luka meliputi luka terbuka 42,0%, patah tulang 18,0% dan luka lecet 14,5%. Faktor-faktor yang berbeda bermakna dengan keparahan cedera adalah waktu terjadinya kecelakaan (malam hari) dan kecepatan kendaraan ³ 60 km/jam (p<0,05).Kesimpulan Korban kecelakaan sepeda motor yang masuk ke IGD RSUP Fatmawati kebanyakan mengalami cedera di bagian kepala dengan luka terbuka, dan kondisi korban yang parah cukup besar yaitu 47,8%.
Cortisol level decreases natural killer cell activity among women with aircraft noise Hartono, Hartono
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.153-161

Abstract

One of the impacts of exposure to noise is stress. Natural killer (NK) cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that are responsive to physiological and psychological stress. The objective of the present research was to determine the relationship between cortisol levels and NK cell activity among women with aircraft noise stress in the area of Adi Sumarmo Airport, Solo. This study was an analytical survey with a cross sectional design. The number of subjects was 39, who were divided into 3 groups of 13 subjects each. Groups 1 to 3 were exposed to noise levels of 92.29 dB, 71.79 dB and 52.17 dB, respectively. The sample was taken using simple random sampling. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and Anova followed by post hoc test using LSD test. The Anova test showed that there were significant differences in circulating cortisol levels among all groups (p = 0.018). The Pearson correlation test showed that there was a positive association between circulating cortisol levels and the number of NK cells (r = 0.547; p< 0.05) and a negative association between circulating cortisol levels and NK cell activity (r = - 0.578; p < 0.05). This study indicated that cortisol levels decreased NK cell activity among women with exposure to aircraft noise. Women who experienced aircraft noise stress showed increased cortisol levels and decreased NK cells activity.
Production of tumor necrosis factor-a is increased in urinary tract infections Neni Susilaningsih; Bambang Joni Karjono; Ratna Damma Purnamawati
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.167-174

Abstract

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common source of bacteriemia. The most common cause of UTI is Escherichia coli (E. coli). Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-á gene polymorphism has been reported to be responsible for an excessive production of TNF-á and eventual disruption of pro-inflammatory cytokine regulation. The aim of this study was to compare TNF-á serum levels and TNF-á allele polymorphisms in patients with UTI due to E.coli and in non- UTI controls. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital and the Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang. In 68 patients with UTI the TNF-á serum levels were determined by means of ELISA and compared to those of non-UTI controls (n=55). TNFá- 308G>A gene polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length using the NcoI enzyme. Fragments were visualized on polyacrylamide gel with silver staining. RESULTS TNF-á serum level in patients with UTI had a median of 8.9 pg/mL, which was significantly higher than the median of 3.7 pg/mL in the control group (pA gene polymorphisms found in the patient group were G/G=61 (90%), G/A=7(10%) and A/A=0, while in the control group were G/G=48 (87%), G/A=7 (13%) and A/A =0. There was no significant differences (p=0.578) in gene polymorphisms between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS TNF-á serum levels in patients with UTI due to E. coli were significantly higher than in non-UTI controls, but for the TNF-á-380 gene polymorphisms no significant difference was found between the two groups. There are presumably more important factors than host genotype that influence UTI pathogenesis.

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