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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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Toxic compounds of Curcuma aeruginosa causes necrosis of mice hepatocytes Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah; Idha Kusumawati; Lucia Tri Suwanti; Sri Subekti
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.118-125

Abstract

BACKGROUNDPeople have been using Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome as a traditional herbal medicine as appetite stimulant, without realizing its side effects. Herbal plants contain tens to hundreds of compounds, some of which are toxic. The aim of this research was to determine which toxic compound of Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome has an impact on apoptosis and PARP-1 expression of hepatocytes in male mice.METHODSEighty eight male Balb C mice were divided into 10 groups treated respectively with Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome cloroform extract, methanol extract, essential oil, infusion, and press juice, at dosages of 0.004g/kgBW and 0.06g/kgBW, and 1 control group. The treatment was given orally once a day for 10 days and on the 11th day, the research animals were sacrificed, and their liver taken for histopathologic slide preparation with Apopteq Detection Kit, and immunofluorescence. Compounds in Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The data obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and Partial Least Squares to determine which compounds had an impact on murine hepatocytes.RESULTSThe result of one way ANOVA showed that the chloroform groups at dosages of 0.004g/kgBW and 0.06g/kgBW showed the highest apoptosis of mice’s hepatocytes (p<0.05). There were significant differences in PARP-1 expression between control and treatment groups. The highest PARP-1 expression was in the essential oil group at a dosage of 0.06g/kg BW (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONCurcuma aeruginosa rhizome given to mice orally causes necrosis of mice’s hepatocytes.
Cancer-associated retinopathy: an autoimmune retinopathy Tradjutrisno, Nurbuanto
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.56-64

Abstract

Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) is a paraneoplastic syndrome most commonly associated with small-cell carcinoma of the lung, but also less frequently reported in patients with breast, endometrial, and other cancers. A paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is a secondary organ dysfunction occurring in a cancer patient at a site that is anatomically remote from the tumor. PNS is not due to a direct effect of the tumor itself or its metastases but caused by other mechanisms, commonly autoimmune mechanisms develop when malignant tumors express proteins, paraneoplastic antigens (PNA), which are normally present only in neurons. One retinal antigen implicated in the autoimmune mechanism of CAR is recoverin, a 23 kDa photoreceptor-specific calcium-binding protein modulating the activity of photoreceptor guanylyl cyclase. The anti-recoverin antibodies induced by the primary tumor may on contact with intraretinal recoverin initiate a photoreceptor degeneration and trigger photoreceptor death by apoptosis, thus causing blindness. Other circulating antibodies directed against a 46 kDa protein identified as retinol enolase and a 60 kDa retinal protein have been demonstrated in patients with clinically diagnosed CAR syndrome. In certain patients no specific antibody has been identified. This suggests that the CAR syndrome includes an heterogenous group of autoimmune conditions directed against various retinal proteins.
Curcumin inhibits luteal cell steroidogenesis by suppression of extracellular signal regulated kinase Endang Purwaningsih; Sri Kadarsih Soejono; Djaswadi Dasuki; Edy Meiyanto
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.73-80

Abstract

BackgroundCurcumin inhibits steroidogenesis in luteal cell cultures by inhibiting progesterone secretion. The site of action of curcumin on steroidogenesis in luteal cell cultures is as yet unkown. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of curcumin on phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) in steroidogenesis of luteal cell cultures.     Methods An experimental study with control was conducted to investigate the site of action of curcumin by measurement of ERK phosphorylation in luteal cell cultures (LCC) after administration of luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2á). The subjects of this study were luteal cell cultures derived from the corpus luteum of Sprague Dawley rat with superovulation induced by pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. The luteal cell cultures were devided into 16 groups, both with and without the addition of forskolin and each group contained 4 replicates samples. Curcumin was administered immediately following LH and/or PGF2á stimulation with or without addition of forskolin. The cell culture was then incubated for 24 h. ERK phosphorylation was measured by immunohistochemistry. Data on ERK phosphorylation was analyzed using one-way Anova, followed by multiple comparison tests.     ResultsLH significantly increased ERK phosphorylation, whereas PGF2á significantly reduced ERK phosphorylation. Forskolin significantly increased ERK phosphorylation to a similar degree as LH. Curcumin inhibited ERK phosphorylation in both LH and forskolin-stimulated luteal cell cultures. ConclusionCurcumin inhibits ERK phosphorylation in luteal cell cultures by suppressing signal transduction upstream of ERK.
Jatropha curcas leaves exert anti-arthritic activity on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh; Sobri Iskandar; Eka Prasasti Nur Rachmani; Triana Hertiani; Zullies Ikawati
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.3-10

Abstract

BACKGROUNDJatropha curcas leaves have been proven to be anti-inflammatory andantioxidant. In this study we examined the antiarthritic effects of ethanolicextract of J. curcas leaves using adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) in rats.METHODSMale Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n=8), consisting of normal group (0.9% NaCl), control group (complete Freund’s adjuvant/CFA 1 mg/ml), sodium diclofenac group at a dose of 6.75 mg/kg (p.o), ethanolic extract of J.curcas groups at doses of 150 mg/kg (p.o), 300 mg/kg (p.o) and 600 mg/kg (p.o). Each group was induced by 0.2 ml CFA on day 1 and a booster injection on day.5. Extracts of J. curcas were administered on days 14-28. Arthritic scores weredetermined, then analyzed using Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann Whitneytests. Mobility scores were analyzed using one way analysis of variance, followed by least significant difference multiple comparison test. Arthritic jointhistopathology was observed on day 29.RESULTSThe results showed that the ethanolic extract of J. curcas leaves at doses of150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg significantly reduced arthritis scores(p<0.05) compared to control group (CFA). The J. curcas leaf extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg BW decreased mobility scores. Histopathology studies showed that the J. curcas extract reduced edema and cartilage destruction in arthritic joints.CONCLUSIONSThe J. curcas leaf extract had anti-arthritic effects by reducing arthritis scoresand mobility scores. The extract should be further examined as a potentialcandidate for anti-arthritic therapies.
Serum lactate as predictor and diagnostic biomarker of plasma leakage in adult dengue patients Bur, Rika; Suwarto, Suhendro; Santoso, Widayat Djoko; Harimurti, Kuntjoro
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.213-221

Abstract

Background Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are differentiated by the occurrence in DHF of plasma leakage into the interstitial space as shown by pleural and peritoneal effusion, hemoconcentration, and intravascular hypovolemia. Perfusion dysfunction causes anaerobic metabolism, which leads to increased serum lactate. This study was to determine serum lactate as prognostic predictor and diagnostic biomarker of plasma leakage in adult dengue patients.Methods A cross-sectional retrospective cohort study was conducted on 57 adult dengue patients hospitalized in the internal medicine ward of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Persahabatan Hospital in Jakarta. Serum lactate was examined to determine its mean difference between DF and DHF. The data was analyzed by independent t-test and the cut-off points were identified for presence as well as absence of plasma leakage, then the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to determine sensitivity and specificity.Results Mean serum lactate was significantly higher in DHF than in DF. From the ROC curve, the cut-off point for serum lactate as prognostic predictor on day 3 of fever was ³2.65 mmol/L with AUC of 0.626 (95% CI 0.480-0.772; p=0.108). The cut-off point for diagnostic biomarker of plasma leakage on day 5 of fever was 2.55 mmol/L with sensitivity 66.6%, specificity 54.2%, and AUC 0.668 (95% CI 0.550-0.826; p=0.016).Conclusion There was a significant difference in serum lactate between DF and DHF. In the critical phase, serum lactate of 2.55 mmol/L could be used as plasma leakage diagnostic marker of low accuracy.
Validitas dan reliabilitas World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF untuk mengukur kualitas hidup lanjut usia Salim, Oktavianus Ch; Sudharma, Novia I; Kusumaratna, Rina K; Hidayat, Adi
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.27-38

Abstract

Latar BelakangJumlah populasi dan umur harapan hidup lanjut usia (lansia) semakin meningkat akibat perbaikan dari pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat dan intervensi kedokteran. Dengan semakin meningkatnya umur harapan hidup, maka sangat penting untuk memperbaiki kualitas hidup lansia. World Health Organization (WHO) telah mengembangkan sebuah instrumen untuk mengukur kualitas hidup seseorang yaitu WHO Quality of Life -BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). WHOQOL-BREF terdiri dari empat domain yaitu fisik, psikologik, sosial dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai validitas dan reliabilitas dari WHOQOL-BREF sebagai instrumen untuk mengukur kualitas hidup lansia. MetodeSebuah rancangan potong silang dilakukan di Kecamatan Mampang, Jakarta Selatan. Selama dua bulan (Oktober dan November 2005) sebanyak 306 lansia (usia ³60 tahun, mampu berjalan, mampu berkomunikasi, dan tidak dalam kedaan terminal) bersedia ikut serta dalam penelitian. Sepuluh pewancara yang sudah dilatih mengumpulkan informasi tentang umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status pernikahan, dan kualitas hidup. HasilHasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi skor setiap domain dari WHOQOL-BREF adalah simetris dan tidak didapatkan efek floor atau ceiling. Validitas diskriminan, validitas konstruk, dan konsistensi internal menunjukkan hasil yang baik dari skor keempat domain. Namun terdapat dua item pertanyaan yaitu tentang perasaan negatif dan kepuasan hidup seksual yang menunjukkan korelasi yang lemah dengan domain psikologik dan sosial. Kedua pertanyaan ini harus dimodifikasi supaya lebih mudah dipahami oleh lansia. KesimpulanWHOQOL-BREF merupakan instrumen yang valid dan reliable untuk mengukur kualitas hidup lansia, tetapi masih diperlukan sedikit perbaikan.
Stenochlaena palustris aqueous extract reduces hepatic peroxidative stress in Marmota caligata with induced fever Adenan, Adenan; Suhartono, Eko
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.123-128

Abstract

The kelakai fern (Stenochlaena palustris) contains bioactive substances, such as flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. The kelakai is used by the Kenyah Dayak communities for the treatment of anemia, fever, and cutaneous disorders. Fever is increased temperature regulation of the body, which process indirectly increases the production of peroxides, leading to peroxidative stress. The aim of this research study was to evaluate the influence of an aqueous extract of the kelakai fern on peroxidative stress in the hoary marmot (Marmota caligata) with experimentally-induced fever. This was a true experimental study, with post test-only and control group design, involving 6 groups, each made up of 4 animals. Peroxide concentration was measured by a modification of the FOX2 method and peroxidase activity by the Kanehira method. The kelakai extract was administered to the animals by gavage at weight-adjusted dosages between 7.75 x 10-4 mg/kg body weight to 1.24 x 10-2 mg/kg body weight. Data were analyzed using singe linear regression test. The results showed that kelakai extract dose significantly reduced the peroxide levels, regression equation with the Y = 2.513-106.03 X (R2 = 0.8057), indicating that 80.5% variation of peroxide levels is predicted by the kelakai extract dose. From the results we conclude that kelakai aqueous extract decreases peroxide levels in hoary marmots with experimentally-induced fever.
Culture-and nonculture-based antibiotics for complicated soft tissue infections are comparable Ronald Irwanto; Suhendro Suhendro; Khie Chen; Murdani Abdullah
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.20 - 28

Abstract

BACKGROUNDData collected in 2010 from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital indicate thatcomplicated skin and soft tissue infections accounted for more than 10% ofcases. Etiological diagnoses are based on the findings on bacterial culture andthus evaluation of the effectiveness of bacterial culture becomes a necessity.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operational effectiveness ofbacterial culture for etiological diagnosis of complicated skin and soft tissueinfections.METHODSThis was a historical cohort study using secondary data of patients withcomplicated skin and soft tissue infections admitted for hospitalization to CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from July 2011 to July 2012. The 90 subjectsmeeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups of 45patients each. Group 1 comprised patients who received initial antibiotic therapyaccording to cultural results, while the patients in group 2 received initial antibiotictherapy without reference to cultural results. Successful diagnostic culture wasassessed by the absence of therapeutic failure. Therapeutic failure wasdetermined using 3 parameters that had to be fulfilled, viz. absence of antibioticescalation, repeat operations, and clinical deterioration. The latter parameterwas assessed by clinical judgement of the attending physician.RESULTSAfter controlling for confounding variables (age, severity of infection,comorbidity), there was no statistical difference in therapeutic success betweenculture-based and non-culture based initial antibiotic therapies (OR=0.45,p=0.085).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the ineffectiveness of bacterial culture as a diagnosticcriterion for appropriate antibiotic therapy of complicated skin and soft tissueinfections.
Anemia decreases quality of life of the elderly in Jakarta Meiyanti, Meiyanti; Kalumpiu, Joice Viladelvia; Mulia, Julius I
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.152-160

Abstract

Anemia is a very common disorder both in clinical practice and in the community. The recent rise in the population of the elderly has become the focus of attention in developing countries, because of the increasing longevity of the elderly, whilst the prevalence of anemia increases with age. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and its association with the quality of life in the elderly. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2008, located in the Mampang Prapatan district, South Jakarta. A total of 298 elderly persons participated in this study, comprising 109 (36.6%) males and 189 (63.4%) females. Anemia was measured by the parameters of hemoglobin and quality of life was assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF instrument, a short version of the WHOQOL-100 instrument. The results of the study showed the prevalence of anemia to be 26.2%, with a higher prevalence rate in females compared with males. The quality of life in the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains differed significantly with decreasing hemoglobin levels, whereas the physical and mental quality of life declined significantly with age. Anemia is thus indicative of a reduction in the quality of life of the elderly.
Higher triglyceride serum level increases atherosclerotic index in subjects 50-70 years of age Mawi, Martiem; Chondro, Fransisca; Chudri, Juni
Universa Medicina Vol 34, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.205-212

Abstract

BackgroundAtherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart attack, stroke and peripheral disease, is a main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia are independent factors in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The atherosclerotic index (AI) is a strong indicator of cardiovascular heart disease. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between lipid serum level and AI in subjects 50-70 years of age. Methods A study of cross-sectional design was conducted among male and female subjects 50-70 years of age. The inclusion criteria were: healthy, and capable of active communication. The exclusion criteria were: subjects not completing the study, currently consuming antihyperlipidemic drugs. Lipid profile comprising total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, and malondialdehyde (MDA), was analyzed using commercial kits. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass index was measured in all subjects. Atherogenic index was calculated from (total cholesterol – HDL cholesterol) / HDL cholesterol. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data.Results Mean age of the subjects was 60.6 ± 3.30 years and there was a significant relationship of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides with AI (b=0.009; p=0.000 and b=0.008; p=0.000, respectively). Triglyceride level was the most influencing factor for AI (b=0.008; Beta=0.616; p=0.000)ConclusionsHigher triglyceride levels increase AI in subjects 50-70 years of age. Subjects with high serum triglyceride level but without symptoms of cardiovascular disease should be examined for the development of coronary artery blockage.

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