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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,127 Documents
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Diagnosis and Management of Brain Tumors in Children Taslim S. Soetomenggolo; Hardiono Pusponegoro; Jimmy Passat; Dwi Putro Widodo; Sofyan Ismael
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.185-9

Abstract

Brain tumors are the second most common malignancy and the most common solid tumors found in childhood. During 11 months 19 patients with brain tumors were hospitalized at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusurno Hospital, Jakarta, 10 of them were males. The youngest patient was 5 months old and the oldest was 13 years old. The important signs and symptoms in establishing diagnosis were the non-localizing signs and symptoms, i.e., nausea and vomiting. The most frequent localizing signs and symptoms were papilledema, cranial nerves palsy, ataxia and incoordination, hemiparesis, visual disturbances, and optic atrophy. Focal seizures were rare. Most of the tumors were in infratentorial region, and metastatic tumors were rare. The mortality of this series was high due to the severity of the disease. The most frequent of tumors are astrocytomas and medulloblastomas.
Steatocrit Value in New-Born Babies Johnwan Usman; Irfan Abdullah; Muhazar Muhazar; Atan Baas Sinuhaji; A. H. Sutanto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.190-3

Abstract

A prospective study on steatocrit value in full-term or preterm newborn babies of~ 2 days of age in Dr. Pimgadi Hospital, Medan is reported. This study was conducted from December 7, 1992, to February 7, 1993; there were 72 newborn babies (37 males and 35 females). The body weight was> 2500 gin 60 babies and s. 2500 gin 12 babies. The median steatocrit value in babies with body weight of> 2500 g was 9%, and it was 32% in babies less than 2500 g of body weight. The proportion of babies with > 25% steatocrit value was larger in babies less than 2500 g than that in 2500 g by the diet patterns of breast milk, breast milk and milk formula, milk formula. The proportion of babies with < 25% steatocrit value was higher in babies with body weight of< 2500 g than that in babies > 2500 g for those who had either breast milk, breast milk and milk formula or milk formula. There was significant difference (p<0,05) in the steatocrit levels between babies with the body weight of > 2500 g and those who had body weight of ≤ 2500 g.
Mentally Subnormal Children: Probable Causes, Backgrounds, and Preventive Aspects Titi Sunarwati Sularyo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.194-9

Abstract

A prospective study on 71 students in a special school for mentally subnormal functioning children in Jakarta was reviewed by physical examination, psychometric evaluation interviews and home visits. In the majority (87.5%) the IQ ranged from 70 to 90 Units (Wechsler scale). Of the 71 children, 4 7 (65.6 %) had somatic or biomedical known factors as etiology, while the other 24 (34.4%) were probably of sociocultural origin. This was surprising, since although the children had mentally subnormal intellectual functioning, the biomedical factors still played a high toll for it. Sociocultural factors, found out on home visits, such as unfavorable reproductive pattern of mothers, maternal deprivation, unwanted pregnancies, overprotective attitude, broken homes etc. were identified. For prevention, strengthening of the MCH care and family planning will be of utmost importance.
Nocturnal Enuresis Arni Arni; Tri Budiati; Mahamah Mahamah; Hafiz Abubakar; Rafita Ramayati; Rusdi Djas
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 35 No 7-8 (1995): July - August 1995
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.200-4

Abstract

From November 1, 1992, to February 1, 1993 a cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with nocturnal enuresis who attended to the Child Clinic of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, with the age ranging from 4 to 15 years. All patients were interviewed by using questionnaires, and the physical and laboratory examinations were done. Enuresis is defined as an involuntary urination and occurring repeatedly in children of> 4 years, with the minimum of 2 times/month and no indicators of organic disturbances. Of the 168 patients with the age of 4 to 15 years, 70 (41.6%) were found with nocturnal enuresis; 38 (54.2%) were males and 32 (45.8%) females. Most of the patients 33 patients (4 7.1 %) were found in the age group of 4-5 years. All parents of the patients suggested that their children had enuresis without familial complaints because they believe that it would stop gradually with the increases in age. No significant difference was found in the socio-economic status between the enuretic and non-enuretic children. The two groups showed no significant differences in growth and urinary tract infection was not noted.
NT-proBNP level and left ventricle diameters before and after transcatheter closure of PDA and VSD Devy Kusmira; Ria Nova; Achirul Bakri
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (566.182 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.213-20

Abstract

Background Amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels before and after transcatheter closure may correlate with changes in left ventricular internal diameter end diastole (LVIDd) and end systole (LVIDs). Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) are structural abnormalities which effects cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac muscle stretching decreases after closure, followed by reduced left ventricle diameters and decreased NT-proBNP levels. Objective To analyze for possible correlations between NT-proBNP levels and left ventricle diameters before and after transcatheter closure. Methods Subjects were PDA and VSD patients who underwent transcatheter closure in the Pediatrics Department of dr. Moh Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera, from May 2016 to March 2017. Measurement of NT-proBNP levels and echocardiography were performed before closure, as well as one and three months after closure. Results There were 34 subjects (15 girls) with median age of 91.5 months. Median NT-proBNP levels were significantly reduced after closure: before closure 111.7pg/mL, one month after closure 62pg/mL, and three months after closure 39 pg/mL (P<0.05). Median LVIDd and LVIDs were also significantly reduced after closure [LVIDd: 39.5mm before, 34.5mm one mo after, and 32.5mm 3 mo after (P<0.05); LVIDs: 23.9mm before, 20.5mm 1 mo after, and 20.0mm 3 mo after (P<0.05)]. At one month after closure, there was a moderate positive correlation between NT-proBNP levels and LVIDd (r=0.432; P=0.011), but no correlation with LVIDs (r=0.287; P=0.100). At three months after closure, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between changes of NT-proBNP levels and changes of LVIDd (r=0.459; P=0.006), as well as LVIDs (r=0.563; P=0.001). Conclusion In pediatric PDA and VSD patients, NT-proBNP levels have a significant positive correlation with diastolic and systolic left ventricle diameters at three months after closure. Decreased NT-proBNP levels may be considered as a marker of closure effectiveness.
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second and blood gas analysis in children during asthma attacks Dewa Ayu Dini Primashanti; Putu Siadi Purniti; I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (237.136 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.221-6

Abstract

Background Asthma is the most common chronic disease in the world, with a high incidence in children. Blood gas analysis and pulmonary function test using spirometry are recommended to evaluate the degree of asthma in children. Spirometry test is non-invasive and easier to implement compared to blood gas analysis. Objective To evaluate for a possible correlation between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) measured by spirometry test and blood gas analysis (pO2 and pCO2 levels) in children during an asthma attack. Methods This cross-sectional study was done in children with asthma attacks who were admitted to Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, between November 2016 and April 2017. Subjects underwent spirometry tests and blood gas analyses. Potential correlations between FEV1 and pO2 and pCO2 levels were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. Results A total of 50 subjects, consisting of children aged 6 to 12 years, were diagnosed with asthma attacks during the study period. Subjects’ mean FEV1 level was 43.6%, mean pCO2 was 38.36 mmHg, and mean pO2 was 121.92 mmHg. There were no significant correlations between FEV1 and pCO2 level (r=0.206; P=0.152) or FEV1 and pO2 (r=0.157; P=0.277) found in this study. Conclusion FEV1 does not correlate with pCO2 and pO2 level in children during asthma attacks.
Risk factors of stunting in children aged 24-59 months Arya Krisna Manggala; Komang Wiswa Mitra Kenwa; Made Me Lina Kenwa; Anak Agung Gede Dwinaldo Putra Jaya Sakti; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.593 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.205-12

Abstract

Abstract Background Childhood stunting (low height-for-age) still remains a global health problem because it increases the risk of disturbances in growth and development as well as mortality. The prevalence of stunting in Bali is 32.5%, with the highest in Gianyar District at 41%. However, little is known about the risk factors of stunting children in Gianyar. Objective To investigate the risk factors of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in Gianyar. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 166 children, collected consecutively, aged 24-59 months, who visited the integrated health posts in 13 community health centers in Gianyar District, Bali from September to November 2016. Stunting is defined as -2SD below the WHO height-for-age z-score (HAZ), according to sex. Statistical analyses were done with Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression tests. Results Of 166 subjects, 37 (22.3%) children were stunted. Multivariate analysis revealed that low paternal education (AOR 2.88; 95%CI 1.10 to 7.55; P=0.031), maternal height less than 150 cm (AOR 7.64; 95%CI 2.03 to 28.74; P=0.003), high risk maternal age (AOR 4.24; 95%CI 1.56 to 11.49; P= 0.005), low birth weight (AOR 5.09; 95%CI 1.03 to 25.31; P=0.047), and low birth length (AOR 9.92; 95%CI 1.84 to 53.51; P=0.008) were strongly associated with stunting. Conclusion Risk factors for stunting in children are low paternal education, maternal height less than 150 cm, high risk maternal age, low birth weight, and low birth length.
Liver iron overload and hepatic function in children with thalassemia major Pustika Amalia Wahidiyat; Stephen Diah Iskandar; Ludi Dhyani Rahmartani; Damayanti Sekarsari
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (273.956 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.233-7

Abstract

Background Routine blood transfusions and increased intestinal iron absorption lead to iron accumulation in various organs, especially the liver. To date, T2-star magnetic resonance imaging (T2*MRI) is a valuable tool to evaluate iron level in organs. Objective To assess the degree of liver iron overload among children with thalassemia major (TM) and its possible correlations with hepatic function laboratory values. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The degree of liver iron overload was evaluated by T2*MRI. Assessments of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, and bilirubin levels were done to evaluate liver function. Results A total of 291 TM children were included in this study. The mean age of subjects was 12 years. Most of the subjects were diagnosed as β-thalassemia homozygote (54.6%) and β-thalassemia/HbE (41.2%). Deferiprone (DFP) was the most commonly used iron chelator. Less than 10% of the subjects had normal liver iron deposition. The AST and ALT values increased proportionally with the severity of liver iron overload, with significant, moderately negative correlation coefficients (r=-0.388 and -0.434, respectively). However, albumin level decreased proportionally with the severity of liver iron overload, with a significant, moderately positive correlation coefficient (r=0.323). Liver T2* MRI had no significant correlations with direct, indirect, and ratio of direct/total bilirubin levels. Conclusion Most of the children with TM have mild to severe liver iron overload. Liver T2* MRI had significant, moderate correlations with AST, ALT, and albumin values. Bilirubin level has no correlation with T2* MRI. Our findings suggest that monitoring of AST, ALT, and albumin levels is important because they may reflect the severity of liver iron overload. However, they should not be used as the only predictors of iron overload.
Low peripheral oxygen saturation as a risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease Nadia Qoriah Firdausy; Indah Kartika Murni; Agung Triono; Noormanto Noormanto; Sasmito Nugroho
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (236.059 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.252-6

Abstract

Background Brain abscess is a severe infection of brain parenchyma, which occurs in 25-46% of cases of uncorrected cyanotic congenital heart disease. Low arterial oxygen saturation is the main risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease, however, the arterial oxygen saturation test is invasive and not routinely done in our setting. Objective To evaluate low peripheral oxygen saturation as a risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. Methods We conducted a matched, case-control study at Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta for children aged less than 18 years with cyanotic congenital heart disease, from 2010-2016. Case subjects were children with brain abscess complications. The control group had only cyanotic congenital heart disease, and were matched for age and sex to the case group. During hospitalization due to the brain abscess complication in the case group, data regarding peripheral oxygen saturation, polycythemia, pneumonia, sepsis, dental caries and restricted pulmonary blood flow were collected and compared between both groups. Results During the study period, 18 children with cyanotic congenital heart disease had brain abscesses. This group was compared to the control group of 36 children. Bivariate analysis revealed that the lowest level of peripheral oxygen saturation (OR 0.92; 95%CI 0.85 to 0.98; P=0.02) and dental caries (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.01 to 11.18; P=0.04) were significant risk factors for brain abscess. However, in the multivariate analysis, the only statistically significant risk factor associated with brain abscess was the lowest level of peripheral oxygen saturation (OR 0.92; 95%CI 0.86 to 0.99; P=0.04). Conclusion Low peripheral oxygen saturation is a significant risk factor for brain abscess development in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. A decrease of 1% peripheral oxygen saturation may increase the risk of brain abscess by 8%.
Risk factors for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome Husein Albar; Fadel Bilondatu; Dasril Daud
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 5 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.04 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.5.2018.238-41

Abstract

Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common kidney disease in children and is characterized by edema, massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia. High relapse rate remains a major problem in the management of this syndrome. Objective To identify risk factors for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome. Methods This study was carried out in the Wahidin Sudirohusodo Teaching Hospital in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January to August 2017 using complete medical records of children diagnosed with NS. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: 1) relapsed NS or 2) non-relapsed NS. The following potential risk factors for relapse were analyzed using Chi-square test: age, sex, nutritional status, hypertension, serum creatinine level, and infection at the time of established diagnosis of NS. Results A total of 142 children with NS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria aged 1.4 to 17.5 years were included in the study. Subjects were mostly boys (66.2%), with a male: female ratio of 1.95:1. The relapsed NS group had 80 cases (56.3%) and the non-relapsed NS group had 62 cases (43.7%). Statistical analysis revealed that nutritional status was a significant risk factor for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome (P<0.05). Conclusion Nutritional status is an independent risk factor for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

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