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Jurnal Bios Logos
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 20889569     EISSN : 26563282     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.11.2.2020.28153
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS is the journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University. The aims of the journal are to publish original research papers and article review in biology science i.e. botany, zoology, molecular biology, microbiology, ecology, diversity and conservation, taxonomy and biogeography. BIOS LOGOS is published two times per year (February and August)
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 266 Documents
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Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Jamur Endofit Daun Leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae L.) Milce Angelin; Bella Endey; Gea Fani Patading; Beivy Jonathan Kolondam; Agustina Monalisa Tangapo
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i1.39529

Abstract

Infectious diseases suffered by many people are caused by several bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera and Streptococcus mutans. Endophytic fungi can produce the same bioactive compounds as their host. The purpose of this study was to characterize macroscopically and microscopically endophytic fungi from the endemic plant of North Sulawesi leilem leaf (C. minahassae) and to examine the potential antibacterial activity of the endophytic fungus leilem leaf against pathogenic bacteria. The method used for the antibacterial test is the modified Kirby-bauer method. The results of this study, obtained 13 isolates of leilem leaf endophytic fungi that were isolated and characterized macroscopically and microscopically, namely JDL 7, JDL 10, JDL 12, JDL 16, JDL 17, JDL 18, JDL 20, JDL 21, JDL 22, JDL. 24, JDL 26, JDL 28. Four isolates of endophytic fungi that were effective as antibacterials were isolates JDL 8, JDL 26, JDL 28 against E. coli and JDL 18, JDL 26, JDL 28 against S. aureus. The endophytic fungal isolates which had the highest inhibition zone against E. coli were indicated by the isolate code JDL 26 with an average inhibition zone of 27 mm, while for S. aureus, the highest inhibition zone was indicated by the isolate code JDL 26 with an average inhibition zone of 29 mm.Keywords: Isolation, Leilem leaf, endophytic fungi, antibacterial Abstrak Penyakit infeksi yang banyak diderita masyarakat disebabkan oleh beberapa bakteri seperti Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera dan Streptococcus mutans. Jamur endofit dapat menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa bioaktif yang sama dengan inangnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengarakterisasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis jamur endofit dari tumbuhan endemik Sulawesi Utara daun leilem (C. minahassae) serta menguji potensi aktivitas antibakteri dari jamur endofit daun leilem terhadap bakteri patogen. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji antibakteri adalah metode Kirby-bauer. Hasil penelitian ini, diperoleh 13 isolat jamur endofit daun leilem yang berhasil diisolasi dan dikarakterisasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis, yaitu JDL 7, JDL 10, JDL 12, JDL 16, JDL 17, JDL 18, JDL 20, JDL 21, JDL 22, JDL 24, JDL 26, JDL 28. Empat isolat jamur endofit yang efektif sebagai antibakteri yaitu isolat JDL 8, JDL 26, JDL 28 terhadap E. coli dan JDL 18, JDL 26, JDL 28 terhadap bakteri S. aureus. Isolat jamur endofit yang memiliki zona hambat tertinggi terhadap bakteri E. coli ditunjukkan pada kode isolat JDL 26 dengan rerata zona hambat 27 mm sedangkan untuk bakteri  S. aureus, zona hambat tertinggi ditunjukkan pada kode isolat JDL 26 dengan rerata zona hambat 29 mm.Kata kunci: Isolasi, daun Leilem, jamur endofit, antibakteri 
Efektivitas Feromon terhadap Interest Kumbang Tanduk (Oryctes rhinoceros) pada Tanaman Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) Putri Sri Anggini; Lalu Wahyudi; Feky Recky Mantiri
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i1.40116

Abstract

(Article History: Received Mar 1, 2022; Revised Mar 14, 2022; Accepted Apr 11, 2022)The population of Oryctes rhinoceros that out of control at coconut plantation could be effect on productivity. Therefore, necessary to control using pheromone traps. Pheromones as chemical compounds use to reproduction communicate between individual beetles. The purpose of this study was to reveal the potential of synthetic pheromones in order to control the population of horn beetle (O. rhinoceros). This study conducted observation and response of application pheromone to the population of O. rhinoceros and offcourse the leaf counting as parametre of the degree bettles offensive. The analyze quantitative of sample with associated the decrease coconut productivity. The results of this study indicate that pheromone traps was effective to control the O. rhinoceros by the number of beetles trapped at the area coconut plantations in Pineleng Village, there are160 tails and the ratio of male and female beetles was 1:2. Representative in this area was classified high degree offensive where obtained 6-7 beetles/ha and 45% losses of productivity.Keywords: Oryctes rhinoceros L.; pheromones; coconut plant; attack intensity.Abstrak Populasi kumbang Oryctes rhinoceros yang meningkat secara berkepanjangan tanpa adanya pengendalian dapat menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas kelapa dan kerugian bagi masyarakat, hal ini disebabkan oleh serangan dari kumbang Oryctes rhinoceros. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengendalian salah satunya menggunakan perangkap berferomon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan potensi feromon dalam mengendalikan populasi kumbang tanduk (O. rhinoceros). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan respons aplikasi feromon untuk memonitoring populasi kumbang O. rhinoceros dan mengetahui intensitas serangan dengan cara menghitung pelepah daun kelapa yang terserang selama dua bulan disetiap minggunya. Kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif sederhana dan dihubungkan dengan penurunan produktivitas kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan perangkap berferomon sebagai pengendalian kumbang O. rhinoceros sangat efektif dengan jumlah kumbang yang terperangkap di perkebunan kelapa dalam Desa Pineleng sebanyak 160 ekor dengan perbandingan kumbang jantan dan betina yaitu 1:2. Intensitas serangan kumbang tergolong dalam kategori tinggi mencapai 6-7 ekor/ha dan menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas buah sebesar 45 %.Kata kunci: Oryctes rhinoceros L.; feromon; tanaman kelapa; intensitas serangan.
Aktivitas Harian Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi) Rehabilitasi di Pusat Suaka Satwa Elang Jawa Alifandi Rahmatul Ilmi; Dewi Elfidasari; Senjaya Mercusiana
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.40730

Abstract

The Javan Hawk-eagle has a very important role in the balance of the forest ecosystem. In addition, the presence of the Javan Hawk-eagle can indicate an environmental quality. However, currently, the Javan Hawk-eagle population is more decreasing in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out conservation efforts, one of which is by conducting rehabilitation and release program for the Javan Hawk-eagle. The purpose of this study was to calculate and describe the daily activities of the Javan Hawk-eagle rehabilitated in Javan Hawk-eagle Sanctuary Center. The research method used is daily activities observation, collection, and data analysis. Based on observation, resting activity has the largest percentage, namely 63 persen, followed by moving 33 persen and feeding 4 persen. Based on the time allocation, the Javan Hawk-eagle activities look active from 09.00-11.00.ABSTRAKElang Jawa memiliki peranan yang begitu penting terhadap keseimbangan ekosistem hutan. Selain itu, kehadiran Elang Jawa dapat menandakan suatu kualitas lingkungan. Namun, saat ini populasi Elang Jawa semakin menurun di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukannya usaha konservasi yang salah satunya dengan melakukan program rehabilitasi dan pelepasliaran Elang Jawa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghitung dan mendeskripsikan aktivitas harian Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi) rehabilitasi di Pusat Suaka Satwa Elang Jawa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengamatan aktivitas harian, pengumpulan dan analisa data. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan, aktivitas istirahat memiliki persentase terbesar yaitu 63 percent diikuti dengan bergerak 33 percent dan makan 4 percent. Berdasarkan alokasi waktu, Aktivitas Elang Jawa terlihat aktif mulai jam 09.00-11.00.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica) Melany Piri; Herry M Sumampouw; Emma Mauren Moko; Decky W Kamagi; Helen Lawalata
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.41034

Abstract

The house fly (Musca domestica) is a vector of mechanical transmission of infectious diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, typhoid. One way to control house flies is to use plant-based insecticides. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) can be used as insecticides because of the enzymes saponins, flavonoids, and papain which are toxic to insects. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of papaya leaf extract as a natural insecticide for house flies. The concentration of papaya leaf extract used was 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% with 3 replications. Each treatment unit contained 10 house flies. Extract application by spraying directly on house flies. The number of house fly deaths was calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 24 hours. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova test. The result of this research was all the sig values are 0.00 < 0.05, which means that there was a significant difference in the number of house flies deaths at each concentration. In conclusion, the most effective concentration of papaya leaf extract to kill 100% of house flies was at a concentration of 60% after 6 hours of treatment.Keywords: house fly; natural insecticide; papaya leaf ABSTRAKSalah satu vektor penularan penyakit menular mekanis seperti diare, disentri, kolera, tipes adalah lalat rumah (Musca domestica). Salah satu cara pengendalian lalat rumah adalah menggunakan insektisida nabati. Daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) mengandung enzim saponin, flavonoid, dan papain yang bersifat racun bagi serangga sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai insektisida alami atau insektisida nabati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun pepaya sebagai insektisida nabati lalat rumah menggunakan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak kasar daun pepaya yakni 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, dan 60% serta 3 ulangan, setiap unit perlakuan menggunakan 10 ekor lalat rumah, aplikasi ekstrak kasar daun pepaya dengan cara disemprotkan pada lalat rumah, jumlah kematian lalat rumah dihitung pada jam ke-1,2,3,4,5,6 dan 24 jam setelah aplikasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova. Hasil penelitian diperoleh semua nilai sig 0,00 < 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna jumlah kematian lalat pada setiap pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak daun pepaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak daun pepaya yang paling efektif untuk membunuh 100% lalat rumah adalah konsentrasi 60% setelah 6 jam perlakuan.Kata kunci: daun pepaya; insektisida alami; lalat rumah
Pemanfaatan Vegetasi Rumput Brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton] oleh Beberapa Spesies Burung Saroyo Sumarto; Islamul Hadi; Adelfia Papu
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.41510

Abstract

Guinea fowl grass [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.)] as an invasive grass from Indian which distributed in the tropical to sub-tropical area has becoming a huge problematic in farm areas due to its adaptivity high growth speed. The aim of this study is to analyse is there any benefit of the guinea fowl grass. Object of study is the birds around the grass. It reveals that there are at least 15 species of birds are living in the guinea fowl grass: Cisticola juncidis, Passer montanus, Lonchura oryzivora, L. molucca, L. punctulata, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Turnix maculosus, Geopelia striata, Spilopelia chinensis, Hypotaenidia torquata, Aramidopsis plateni, Porphyrio indicus, Centropus bengalensis, Haliastur indus, dan Hirundo rustica. The birds use this habitat as many purposes, such as source of food (granivorous, insectivorous and omnivorous), associate with other organisms, breeding ground and hide.   Keywords: Guinea fowl grass [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.); birds; daily activities; North Minahasa; North Sulawesi.ABSTRAK Rumput brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.)] merupakan rumput invasif dari India, tersebar di daerah tropis dan subtropis dan menjadi permasalahan di daerah pertanian karena kecepatan tumbuh dan daya adaptif pada berbagai tipe habitat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji spesies burung yang memanfaatkan vegetasi rumput brandjangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Februari 2022 pada vegetasi rumput brandjangan di Kecamatan Kalawat, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Data dikumpul menggunakan metode ad libitum dengan mengambil seluruh data spesies burung dan seluruh aktivitas yang dilakukan pada vegetasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 15 spesies burung: Cisticola juncidis, Passer montanus, Lonchura oryzivora, L. molucca, L. punctulata, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Turnix maculosus, Geopelia striata, Spilopelia chinensis, Hypotaenidia torquata, Aramidopsis plateni, Porphyrio indicus, Centropus bengalensis, Haliastur indus, dan Hirundo rustica. Aktivitas burung meliputi: mencari makan, makan, bersosial, beristirahat, kawin, dan bersembunyi. Rumput brandjangan menghasilkan biji sebagai sumber pakan burung granivora dan omnivore. Serangga pada vegetasi tersebut menjadi sumber pakan burung insektivora atau omnivora. Kata kunci: Rumput brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.); burung; aktivitas harian; Minahasa Utara; Sulawesi Utara.
Kajian Viabilitas Spermatozoa Sebelum dan Sesudah Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll dengan Pemberian Fosfolipid Laurentius Anthony Setiono; Rooije Roogers H. Rumende; Lalu Wahyudi
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.41767

Abstract

Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation (PDGC) is a sexing method used to separate X and Y spermatozoa to find the sex of the expected child. However, the SGDP method used can often cause a decrease in the quality of spermatozoa. The purpose of this study was to describe the effect of Percoll density gradient centrifugation on spermatozoa and to describe the effect of phospholipid administration before and after Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The research method used is library research, where research is based on literature sources collected to support solving problems and the objectives of the research carried out. The results of the study taken from several libraries showed that the administration of phospholipids at the time of centrifugation, can maintain the quality of spermatozoa. This is because phospholipids can protect the membranes of spermatozoa.  Keywords: Centrifugation: SGDP; Spermatozoa; PhospholipidABSTRAK Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll (SGDP) merupakan metode sexing yang digunakan untuk memisahkan spermatozoa X dan Y untuk mencari jenis kelamin anak yang diharapkan. Namun, metode SGDP yang digunakan sering kali dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efek sentrifugasi gradien densitas percoll terhadap spermatozoa dan mendeskripsikan efek pemberian fosfolipid sebelum dan sesudah sentrifugasi gradien densitas percoll. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka, dimana penelitian didasari pada sumber-sumber literatur yang dikumpulkan untuk menunjang dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian yang diambil dari beberapa pustaka menunjukkan bahwa pemberian fosfolipid pada saat sentrifugasi, dapat mempertahankan kualitas dari spermatozoa. Hal ini karena fosfolipid dapat menjaga membran dari spermatozoa. 
Kajian Potensi Minyak Atsiri (Volatile Organic Compounds) Sebagai Salah Satu Pengendali Hama Tanaman Lidyana Gosal; Meldy Hosang
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.41775

Abstract

Excessive use of pesticides is harmful to health and the environment. One way that can be used in pests environmentally friendly control is by using essential oils. Essential oils are obtained by extracting various botanical sources.  Essential oils can be extracted using a variety of methods. One of them is the distillation method, by separating water vapor and oil. One of the essential oil that could be used for pest control is Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).  In several studies, essential oils have been tested to act as a repelen, fumigant and Atraktant against pests so that essential oil compounds can be used to overcome pest problems.Keywords: Essential oil; plant pest; VOCs ABSTRAKPenggunaan pestisida secara berlebihan berbahaya bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan dalam pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan menggunakan minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri diperoleh dengan mengekstraksi berbagai sumber botani. Minyak atsiri dapat diekstraksi dengan menggunakan berbagai metode. Salah satunya metode destilasi, dengan memisahkan uap air dan minyak. Minyak atsiri yang dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian hama salah satunya yaitu Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Pada beberapa penelitian minyak atsiri telah teruji dapat bertindak sebagai repelen, fumigant maupun atraktan terhadap hama sehingga senyawa minyak atsiri dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan hama. 
Analisis Filogenetik Genus Alocasia Azalia Sheehan Darupamenang; Beivy Kolondam; Song Nio Ai; Trina Tallei
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.42093

Abstract

Alocasia (famili: Araceae) is a genus of plants with economic value because they can be eaten and some of them are known as decorative plants, such as Alocasia Jacklyn. The information about Alocasia Jacklyn is still very limited. This study aimed to identify and reconstruct phylogenetic trees of Alocasia Jacklyn using the DNA barcode of matK and rbcL genes. Analysis of varuations sequences of rbcL genes indicated of there was a difference of 4 – 7 nucleotides with the nearest relative but had a difference of 21 nucleotides with the farthest relative. The result of phylogenetic tree construction indicated there Alocasia Jacklyn is based on rbcL are siblings with Alocasia macrorrhizos in the position of phylogenetic tee, using matK indicated there Alocasia Jacklyn was closely related with Alocasia longiloba and using a combination of rbcL-matK genes indicated there Alocasia Jacklyn was siblings with Alocasia macrorrhizos and all of them included in the monophyletic group from the same genus of Alocasia because they’re from the same ancestry.
Feeding Behaviour of Peranakan Ongole (PO) Cattle in Block Merak Resorts Labuhan Merak Baluran National Park Jawa Timur Hidayat Teguh Wiyono; Eva Tyas Utami; Ahmad Alfan Abdullah
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.42111

Abstract

Feeding behaviour is an essential activity that is done by the animals to obtain the nutrition. The objective of this study was to investigate feeding behaviour Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle’s include the frequency and duration of foraging, grazing and ruminating time. The study used five of more than 2 years old PO cattle females which are not pregnant or breastfeeding. The observation was done by focal animal sampling method and recorded by using continuous recording method for seven days in a row. The result of the research indicated that cattle’s feeding behaviour in Block Merak Resorts Labuhan Merak when it was shepherded at noon in Savannah has a highest frequency foraging, grazing and ruminating in 8 hours constantly was done by A cattle in 9.44 times. The lowest frequency of foraging, grazing and ruminating in 8 hours constantly was done by D cattle in 0.85 times. The longest duration of foraging, grazing and ruminating in 8 hours constantly was done by C cattle in 267.05 minutes. The shortest duration of foraging, grazing and ruminating in 8 hours constantly was done by C cattle 16 minutes. The conclusion of this research is that feeding behavior patterrn of semi intensive farming system PO cattle’s in Block Merak is: foraging-grazing-ruminating and foraging-grazing. Based on the average score of each individual, grazing is the mostfrequent that is done by PO cattle’s is 9.18 times and 246.34 minutes. Whereas, ruminating is the least feeding activity is 0.91 times and 2.22 minutes.Keywords: feeding behavior; PO cattle; Baluran National Park ABSTRAK Perilaku makan merupakan kegiatan penting yang dilakukan oleh hewan untuk mendapatkan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku makan sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) meliputi frekuensi dan lama mencari makan, waktu merumput dan waktu ruminasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima ekor sapi PO betina berumur lebih dari 2 tahun yang tidak bunting atau menyusui. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan metode focal animal sampling dan dicatat dengan menggunakan metode continuous recording selama tujuh hari berturut-turut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku makan sapi di Resor Blok Merak Labuhan Merak saat digembalakan pada siang hari di Savannah memiliki frekuensi mencari makan, merumput, dan ruminasi tertinggi dalam 8 jam secara konstan dilakukan oleh sapi A sebanyak 9,44 kali. Frekuensi mencari makan, merumput dan ruminasi terendah dalam 8 jam terus-menerus dilakukan oleh sapi D sebanyak 0,85 kali. Durasi mencari makan, merumput, dan ruminasi terlama dalam 8 jam terus-menerus dilakukan oleh sapi C dalam waktu 267,05 menit. Lama mencari makan, merumput dan ruminasi tersingkat dalam 8 jam terus-menerus dilakukan oleh sapi C 16 menit. Pola perilaku makan sapi PO sistem peternakan semi intensif di Blok Merak adalah: mencari makan-menggembala-merumput dan mencari makan-menggembala. Berdasarkan skor rata-rata tiap individu, penggembalaan paling sering dilakukan oleh sapi PO dalam waktu 9,18 kali dan 246,34 menit. Sedangkan ruminasi merupakan aktivitas makan yang paling sedikit yaitu 0,91 kali dan 2,22 menitKata kunci: perilaku makan; sapi PO; Taman Nasional Baluran  
Analisis Karakteristik dan Uji Bioaktivitas Bakteri Rizosfer PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) Isolat Kalasey Stephen Christiano Lengkong; Parluhutan Siahaan; Agustina Monalisa Tangapo
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v12i2.42131

Abstract

PGPR fertilizer in Kalasey North Sulawesi has been used for horticultural crop cultivation. Data on the types of bacteria and the ability of bacterial activity to stimulate plant growth in local areas have never been published. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and to test the bioactivity of the bacterial isolates Kalasey. The method is carried out by isolating, identifying, and testing IAA production, phosphate dissolution, and nitrogen fixation of bacteria isolates. The results showed that there were 9 bacterial isolates by characteristic macroscopic colony. IAA production ranged between 13.22-39.52 mg/L. The solubilization index in dissolving phosphate ranges from 1.0-2.9. Nitrogen fixation showed 4 isolates were positive on Ashby media. Microscopic observation showed 8 isolates were gram negative and 1 isolate was gram positive. The shapes of bacteria vary from round, rod, circular chain, and straight chain rod. In conclusion, local soil bacteria isolated are soil bacteria with varied characteristics and have potential activity capabilities in the development of local PGPR fertilizers.Keywords: Soil Bacteria; Bioactivity; Rhizosphere; Growth PromotingABSTRAKPupuk organik cair PGPR Desa Kalasey, Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara telah dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya tanaman hortikultura. Data tentang jenis-jenis bakteri dan kemampuan aktivitas bakteri dalam memacu pertumbuhan tanaman di daerah lokal belum pernah terpublikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik dan menguji bioaktivitas dari isolat-isolat bakteri terkait. Metode dilakukan dengan mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi, dan melakukan pengujian produksi IAA, pengujian pelarutan fosfat, dan pengujian fiksasi nitrogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapatnya 9 isolat bakteri. Produksi IAA berkisar antara 13,22-39,52 mg/L. Indeks solubilisasi dalam pelarutan fosfat berkisar 1,0-2,9. Fiksasi nitrogen menunjukkan 4 isolat positif pada media Ashby. Pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan 8 isolat termasuk bakteri Gram negatif dan 1 isolat termasuk bakteri Gram positif. Bentuk-bentuk bakteri bervariasi dari bulat, batang, bulat berantai, dan batang lurus berantai. Kesimpulannya, bakteri tanah daerah lokal yang diisolasi merupakan bakteri-bakteri tanah dengan karakteristik yang beragam dan memiliki kemampuan aktivitas yang berpotensi baik dalam pengembangan pupuk PGPR lokal.

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