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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 459 Documents
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A comprehensive review on microbial degradation of plastic waste Kumar, Sahni; Teotia, U.V.S; Singh, Yogendra
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 5 No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2017.0009

Abstract

Plastic is a broad name given to different polymers with high molecular weight, which can be degraded by various processes. However, considering their abundance in the environment and their specificity in attacking plastics, biodegradation of plastics by microorganisms and enzymes seems to be the most effective process. When plastics are used as substrates for microorganisms, evaluation of their biodegradability should not only be based on their chemical structure, but also on their physical properties (melting point, glass transition temperature, crystallinity, storage modulus etc.). In this review, microbial and enzymatic biodegradation of plastics and some factors that affect their biodegradability are discussed. Plastics have become an important part of modern life and are used in different sectors of applications like packaging, building materials, consumer products and much more. Each year about 100 million tons of plastics are produced worldwide. Degradation is defined as reduction in the molecular weight of the polymer. The Degradation types are (a). Chain end degradation/de-polymerization (b).Random degradation/reverse of the poly condensation process. Biodegradation is defined as reduction in the molecular weight by naturally occurring microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. That is involved in the degradation of both natural and synthetic plastics. 
Liposome: method of preparation, advantages, evaluation and its application Pradhan, Bhupendra; Kumar, Narendra; Saha, Suman; Roy, Amit
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 3 No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

Notable research in drug delivery started in 1950’s with the advent of polyclonal antitumor antibodies developed for targeting. Bangham et. Al. discovered liposomes in early 1960’s. In this review article we are discussing about the liposome, methods of the liposome preparation advantages and their different application of the liposome. Liposomes are artificially prepared vesicles made of lipid bilayer. Liposomes can be filled with drugs, and used to deliver drugs for cancer and other diseases. Liposome is used for the targeted drug delivery system and increase the bioavailability and half life of the any drugs. Liposomes are surfactants, sphingolipids, glycol-lipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins and drug molecules or it is also called vesicular system. Liposomes have been extensively investigated for drug delivery, drug targeting, controlled release and increased solubility
Design and evaluation of floating microspheres of amoxicillin trihydrate by ionotropic gelation method Chakraborty, S.; Dey, B. K.; Saha, S.; Kar, A.; Saha, B.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to design and develop floating microspheres of Amoxicillin Trihydrate by ionotropic gelation method with combination of two polymers and to get the best possible formulation out of that with the various aspects. Floating drug delivery system have a bulk density less than gastric fluids and so remains buoyant in the stomach without affecting gastric emptying rate for a prolonged period of time. The floating microspheres were prepared using Ethyl cellulose and Hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose K4M as polymer to achieve an extended retention in upper GIT and there by improved bioavailability. The microspheres were evaluated for particle size analysis, Drug Entrapment Efficiency, Drug Loading Capacity, Floating efficiency, Swelling Study, Loose Surface Crystal Study , drug entrapment efficiency, drug- polymer compatibility study, Micromeritic properties like Bulk Density, Tapped Density, Carr’s Index, and Hausner’s Ratio, In-vitro release studies and surface morphology characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Microspheres have an average size range of 743.00±7.000 to 837.00±8.544?m. The entrapment efficiency was found to be in the range of 66.96±1.944 to 82.03±0.657 %. The In-vitro release studies of the drug from the best formulation F6 exhibited a sustained release of 93.46±0.684 % as studied over 10hrs. Release was best explained by zero-order kinetics model and it shows that the drug release follows diffusion mechanism. FT-IR data revealed that, compatible and there was no interaction between the drug and excipients added in the formulation. The data obtained in this study thus suggest that a floating microspheres of Amoxicillin Trihydrate are promising for sustained drug delivery which can reduce dosing frequency.
In-vitro anti tubercular activity of flowers of Couroupita guanensis L. Ramadoss, Karthikeyan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 5 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

Modern civilization is facing hundreds of disorders associated with microorganisms. The natural phytochemicals fromnon-edible plants are gaining importance to fight against these disease The intention of this study is to evaluatethe ethanol and dichloromethane extracts of flower of Couroupita guianensis (Lecithydaceae) for anti-tubercular activity. The anti-tubercular activity of all the extracts of Couroupita guianensishave been evaluated againstMycobacterium tuberculosis H73Rv strain using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). The activity wasdocumented within MIC range of 0.8 to 100μg/ml. The results of MABA showed that both ethanol and dichloromethane extractexhibited significant anti-tubercular activity. The present investigation suggests that Couroupita guianensispossess remarkableanti-tubercular activity.
Screening of poly vinyl chloride degrading bacteria from plastic contaminated area of Baddi Kumar, Sahni; Teotia, UVS; Singh, Yogendra
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 5 No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2017.0005

Abstract

Plastic wastes are posing ever increasing environmental concerns. Recent research works have shown that most of the constituents of plastics can be degraded by microbes and the film plastics can be treated by microbial systems. In this study, poly vinyl chloride (PVC), degrading bacteria’s were isolate and characterize from soil dumped with plastics. The PVC degradating bacterial were identified as E.Coli, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella. It was observed that maximum degradation by Pseudomonas and degradation after 10 months was 40.53%, 23.06%, 10.92% and 5.32% for Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus and E.Coli respectively.This work concluded that soil contains bacteria’s that have ability to carry degradation of poly vinyl chloride (PVC)
Recent status on carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme inhibitors in regulation of diabetes: a mechanism based review Sinha, Durgeshnandani; Satapathy, Trilochan; Dewangan, Mehendra Kumar; Kumar, Arvind; Roy, Amit
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 3 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

The important therapeutic approach for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus is to decrease the post-prandial glucose levels which could be done by decreasing the absorption of glucose through the inhibition of the carbohydrates-hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase present in the small intestinal brush border that are responsible for the breakdown of oligosaccharides and disaccharides into monosaccharide’s and suitable for absorption. Inhibition of α-amylase generally considered as strategy for the treatment of disorders in carbohydrate uptake, such as diabetes and obesity. Among the marketed allopathic preparations carbohydrates-hydrolyzing enzymes Inhibitors like acarbose, voglibose etc delay carbohydrate digestion and prolong overall carbohydrate digestion time, causing a reduction in the rate of glucose absorption and consequently blunting the postprandial plasma glucose rise. Some of the plants are also considered as an important source of chemical constituent with potential for inhibition of α-amylase and can be used as therapeutic purposes. In this review our efforts have been devoted to explore the mechanism based carbohydrates-hydrolyzing enzymes Inhibitors for the regulation of diabetes.
Development of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method and method validation of paracetamol by using economical single mobile phase Saha, Surajit; Dey, B. K.; Chakraborty, S.; Choudhury, T.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 1 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

The computerization of method development and validation are useful in analysis of pharmaceuticals in pharmaceutical industry. In this article a simple, sensitive, and precise high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the analysis of Paracetamol with ultraviolet detection at 257 nm has been developed, validated, and used for the determination of compounds in commercial pharmaceutical products. Paracetamol tablet dosage form (two brands) was purchased from market and was from Glaxo Smith Kline (Calpol) and from IPCA (Pacimol) respectively. The compounds were well separated on a Hypersil ODS C18 reversed-phase column by use of a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (90:10v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 ml.min). The linearity ranges were 20- 100µg/ ml for Paracetamol. Limits of detection (LOD) obtained 3.298mg/ml limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 9.875mg/ml Paracetamol. The study showed that reversed-phase liquid chromatography is sensitive and selective for the determination of Paracetamol using single mobile phase.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF SOME NOVEL 7-SUBSTITUTED -2-HYDROXY-QUINOLINE SCHIFF BASES Kumar, M R Pradeep
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 4 No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

With an objective of synthesizing some novel, potent and broad spectrum antifungal activity having compounds, here some novel quinoline derivatives are reported. Initially 7-substituted-2-cholro-3-formylquinolines were prepared using well known Vilsemeir-Hack reagent method. These on microwave irradiation with 4M HCl yielded 7-substituted-2-hydroxy quinoline-3-carbaldehydes I(a, b), which on further treatment with different substituted hydrazides yielded the novel Schiff bases of quinoline II(a-f). The structure of all newly synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectral study such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. All the synthesized compounds were screened for in-vitro antifungal activity by two fold serial dilution method using fluconazole as the standard drug. Compounds II a, II b and II d showed significant antioxidant activity.
Self emulsifying drug delivery system (sedds): a review Sharma, P K; Kar, Mousumi; Jain, D K
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 2 No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

Self-emulsifying drug delivery system is mixture of oils, surfactant, cosurfactant, which are emulsified in aqueous media under condition of gentle stirring and digestive motility that would be encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. SEDDS is one of the approaches to improve the oral bioavailability of the hydrophobic drugs. The liquid SEDDS can be converted into solid dosage form without affecting drug release property. Due to its small size the micro/nano emulsified drug can easily be absorbed through lymphatic pathways thereby bypassing the hepatic first-pass effect. The main benefit of this approach is that pre-dissolving the compound overcomes the initial rate limiting step of particulate dissolution in the aqueous environment within the GI tract. Self-emulsification occurs when entropy changes that favor dispersion is greater than the energy required to increase the surface area of the dispersion.
Clock gene variation in type 2 diabetes: a review Praveen, Nushrat; Satapathy, Trilochan; Prasad, Pushpa; Roy, Amit
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a long-standing metabolic disorder that is exemplify by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and comparative lack of insulin. General symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and unsolved weight loss. Type 2 diabetes is mainly due to obesity and not sufficient work out in public who are heritably prone.Circadian clocks are significant to keep the moment in the sequence of physiological practice, series of behaviour and metabolism. The plasma level of glucose and numerous hormones implicated in glucose homeostasis for example insulin and glucagon exhibit circadian variation. Circadian desynchrony, a feature of alter occupation elevated-fat diet feed and sleep distraction in individual have been linked with metabolic disorders for instance obesity and type 2 diabetes. Circadian rhythm distraction can cause different fitness disarray. Current reading has discovered a seal connection among the pathophysiology of metabolic condition, which is characterized by obesity and hyperglycemia, and the operation of interior molecular clocks.

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