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Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 25497715     EISSN : 25497715     DOI : -
Jurnal Ilmu Budaya (Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya) merupakan jurnal yang dikelola oleh Fakultas Ilmu Budaya sebagai media publikasi ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang bahasa, sastra, seni, dan budaya, termasuk pengajarannya. Terbit sebanyak empat kali setahun, yaitu pada bulan Januari, April, Juli, dan Oktober, dan diterbitkan hanya dalam format elektronik.
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KEUNIVERSALAN BUDAYA NUSANTARA DALAM PEMALI DILARANG DUDUK DI ATAS BANTAL: SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES Syamsul Rijal
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.4129

Abstract

Keanekaragaman budaya di Nusantara harus dikelola menjadi penguat budaya nasional. Salah satunya dengan intensitas penelitian budaya dan nilai-nilainya. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang mengumpulkan dan menganalisis salah satu kekayaan budaya di Indonesia, yakni budaya pemali. Pemali memang bertebaran pada setiap etnik di Indonesia. Olehnya itu, tulisan ini memilih satu pemali yang berlaku secara universal pada 21 etnik di Nusantara. Pemali tersebut adalah dilarang duduk di atas bantal, karena nanti bisulan. Pemali ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan kajian semiotika Roland Barthes, yakni pemaknaan dua lapis pada sebuah tanda. Pemaknaan tersebut adalah pemaknaan denotasi dan konotasi yang membentuk penanda dan petanda. Hasil analisisnya menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap pertama, bisul bermakna sebagai satu penyakit jorok dan menjijikkan. Selanjutnya, pada tahap kedua, penyakit jorok menjadi penanda yang menghasilkan petanda bahwa orang yang mengalami penyakit bisulan adalah orang sering melanggar adat kepantasan, yakni sering menduduki bantal yang fungsinya hanya sebagai alas kepala. Konotasi ini menjadi mitos dalam masyarakat sehingga akhirnya diterima dan dipraktikkan lalu menjadi ideologi. Ideologi dalam hal ini adalah nilai-nilai kultural dan historis tentang bantal, bisul, dan kepala yang telah memasuki sistem budaya masyarakat di Nusantara.
AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE ON “JUMANJI: WELCOME TO THE JUNGLE” FILM Saniatang Saniatang; Surya Sili; Ririn Setyowati
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3087

Abstract

In this research, the researcher used the film as the object of the research entitled Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle film and focused on understanding character utterances. The data were taken from the film script and scene in the form of utterances. Through the utterances, the participants tell their idea and opinion about something, but sometimes they do not say their goals directly; this is called implicature. Based on that, the researcher tries to understand the meaning of implicature utterances occurred in the film based on the implicature theory. This research was aimed at classifying the types of conversational implicature, which have been done by the five main characters in the film and then explaining the implied meaning. The researcher used Levinson's implicature theory and context by DeVito. The data were explained by showing the maxim flouted by the main characters, the context of the situation, the types of conversational implicature, and the implied meaning of the utterances. Dealing with the purposes of the research, it was found that the five main characters used implicature. Thirty-seven utterances contained conversational implicatures, which comprise thirty-four particularized conversational implicature, and three generalized conversational implicature. The five main characters used particularized conversational implicature more frequently than generalized conversational implicature. In addition, it was also found that the implied meaning behind main characters’ utterances mostly depend on the context of the conversation. The implied meaning found were informing, complaining, refusing, reminding, criticizing, assuring, affirming, apologizing, and entreating.
KETIDAKADILAN GENDER TOKOH UTAMA PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL STAY WITH ME TONIGHT KARYA SOFI MELONI Hasmawati Hasmawati; Dahri D.; Irma Surayya Hanum
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2940

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ketidakadilan gender di dalam sebuah karya sastra, yaitu novel berjudul Stay with Me Tonight Karya Sofi Meloni. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan struktural. Dalam penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan data atau kutipan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu teknik baca dan teknik catat. Hasil penelitian pertama, struktur faktual dalam novel Stay with Me Tonight Karya Sofi Meloni meliputi alur, tokoh dan penokohan, serta latar. Alur yang terdapat dalam novel ini adalah alur campuran. Tokoh-tokoh dalam novel ini adalah Ayu sebagai tokoh utama perempuan dan Benny Kurniawan sebagai tokoh utama laki-laki. Sedangkan tokoh tambahan yaitu ibu, Baron, Ditto, Yuana, dan Rio. Latar dalam novel ini sebagian besar berada di Jakarta. Kedua, ketidakadilan gender pada tokoh utama perempuan (Ayu) yaitu (1) marginalisasi dialami oleh Ayu digambarkan sebagai PSK. (2) subordinasi dialami Ayu yang dianggap tidak penting oleh Benny. (3) pandangan stereotipe dialami Ayu yang dipaksa untuk berdandan dan dianggap tidak penting hanya sebagai pemuas nafsu. (4) kekerasan yang dialami Ayu salah satu bentuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan adalah pelacuran, bentuk pelacuran yang dialami Ayu dijual oleh ayah tirinya di sebuah bar. (5) beban kerja yang dialami Ayu harus menanggung untuk mencukupi kebutuhan hidupnya, tokoh Ayu yang mengalami kesulitan ekonomi memaksa dirinya harus bekerja paruh waktu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. ABSTRACT This research aimed to analyze gender injustice in a literary work, a novel entitled Stay with Me Tonight by Sofi Meloni. This research was qualitative research with the method of library research. This research used structural approach. The research used reading and note taking technique to obtain data and quote in this research. The firstresultof this research showed that factual structure in Stay with Me Tonight novel by Sofi Meloni includes plot, character and characterization and setting. The plot was mixed plot (combination between progressive and flashback plot). The characters were Ayu as main female character and Benny Kurniawan as main male character. There were also additional characters; Mother, Baron, Ditto, Yuana and Rio. Setting of this novel was mostly in Jakarta. Thesecond result of this research showed that there was gender injustice experienced my main female character (Ayu) which were: (1) marginalization experienced by Ayu as she was described as a prostitute. (2) subordination experienced by Ayu as she was considered not important by Benny. (3) stereotype experienced by Ayu as she was forced to put make and dress up and considered not important only as person to satisfy man’s lust. (4) violence experienced by Ayu to become a prostitute, the form of violence was she was sold by her step father in a bar. (5) Ayu had to be responsible to fulfill her needs, Ayu character experienced economic difficulties forcing her to have part time work to live.
ANALISIS MAKNA NOVEL MELODI TERAKHIR KARYA LUNA TORASHYNGU TINJAUAN SEMIOTIK CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE Agung Ade Darmawan
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2890

Abstract

This study analyzes the meaning of Luna Torashyngu's Last Melodi novel. The theory used is the semiotic Charles Sanders Peirce focusing on the meaning of icons, indices, and symbols in the novel Melodi Pertama. This study used a descriptive qualitative method and the technique of collecting data from the Last Melody was obtained by reading and taking notes. The analysis technique uses the Peirce sign typology technique based on icons, indexes, and symbols. In research into the analysis of the meaning of the Last Melodi novel by Luna Torashyngu, many signs that resemble, existence causes cause and effect, and have been agreed upon. The results of the study are an icon as an object that resembles its original shape as GPS, Rina's photo, and Jeannie's photo. The index as a causal relationship was found in the form of fainting, fire, road signs, smoke, taxis, pale faces, and ambulances. Symbols are conventions that are shown in the form of songs at night, roosters crowing, horns, police logos, secret writings, stage lights, applause, stately houses, black, blue, and red. The results of the Last Melody novel research found emotive meanings, connotative meanings, and proctical meanings.Penelitian ini menganalisis makna pada novel Melodi Terakhir karya Luna Torashyngu. Teori yang digunakan adalah semiotik Charles Sanders Peirce berfokus pada makna ikon, indeks, dan simbol dalam novel Melodi Terakhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data novel Melodi Terakhir diperoleh dengan cara mebaca dan mencatat. Teknik analisis menggunakan teknik tipologi tanda Peirce berdasarkan ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Dalam penelitian analisis makna novel Melodi Terakhir karya Luna Torashyngu banyak ditemukan tanda-tanda yang menyerupai, keberadaan menimbulkan sebab akibat, dan telah disepakati. Hasil penelitian adalah ikon sebagai suatu objek yang menyerupai bentuk aslinya ditunjukkan sebagai GPS, foto Rina, dan foto Jeannie. Indeks sebagai hubungan sebab akibat yang ditemukan berupa pingsan, api, rambu jalan, asap, taksi, wajah pucat, dan ambulans. Simbol adalah tanda bersifat konvensi yang ditunjukkan berupa nyanyian di malam hari, ayam berkokok, suara klakson, logo polisi, tulisan rahasia, lampu panggung, tepuk tangan, rumah megah, warna hitam, warna biru, dan warna merah. Hasil penelitian novel Melodi Terakhir ditemukan makna emotif, makna konotatif, dan makna proktikal.Kata kunci : analisis makna, ikon, indeks, simbol
REJECTIVE BEHAVIORS TOWARD AFRICAN-AMERICAN SLAVES IN COLSON WHITEHEAD’S THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD NOVEL Husnul Khatimah; Surya Sili; Fatimah Muhajir
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3099

Abstract

This study aimed to identify types of rejective behavior that depicted in Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad and analyzed how the African-American slaves react toward these rejective behaviors. To conduct this research, the researcher used qualitative method, content analysis approach and multicultural criticism. The data source of this research was The Underground Railroad novel written by Colson Whitehead. The data were taken in the forms of words, sentences, clauses, phrases and narration that related to act of rejective behaviour experienced by African-American slaves and their reaction toward this rejective behaviour that suitable with Allport’s rejective behaviour theory and responses to rejective behavior theory. As analyzed, the results showed that all types of rejective behaviors were depicted in the novel. First, verbal rejection where in the action there were an indication of verbally insult like name calling, making fun of cultural makers and joking about physical attribute. Second, discrimination where in the action there were an indication of segregation and unfairly treatment between whites and blacks. Last, physical attack where in the action there were the indications of violence acts. Furthermore, the result also showed how African-American slaves react to these rejective behaviors that they experienced.
SPEECH DISORDER OF STUTTERING CHARACTER IN "ROCKET SCIENCE" MOVIE Mayang Hima Sari; M. Bahri Arifin; Ririn Setyowati
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2992

Abstract

AbstractStuttering is a speech disorder in which repetition and prolongation of syllables, sound, and phrase interfere with fluency. Someone who experiences stuttering will have a hard time to start the word because of disruption in repetition, vocals and articulation involve the throat, palate, tongue, lips, and teeth. Stuttering may be worse when the person is excited, tired or under stress, or when feeling self-conscious, hurried or pressured. A situation such as speaking in front of a group or talking to the phone can be particularly difficult for people who stutter. As a reflection of real life, a movie can also contain the phenomena of stuttering such as in Rocket Science movies. This research aimed to describe the types of stuttering and also the consequences of being stuttering in social life that experienced by Hal Hefner in Rocket Science movies. This research was conducted by using content analysis qualitative method. The data were generated from movie and movie script in the form of utterances, dialogues, words, and conversations. The result of this research shows that there are ninety-five data which are indicated as the types of stuttering experienced by Hal Hefner in Rocket Science movie. Besides, it was also found the consequences of being stuttering in social life experienced by Hal Hefner in the movie. The researcher shows that there are twelve data of consequences that the researcher found in the movie. The most common consequence that the researcher found in the film is fear to talk.  AbstrakGagap adalah gangguan berbicara yang mana terjadinya pengulangan dan perpanjangan suku kata, suara, dan frasa yang dapat menganggu kefasihan. Seseorang yang mengalami gagap akan mengalami kesulitan untuk memulai kata karena gangguan dalam pengulangan, vokal, dan artikulasi yang melibatkan tenggorokan, langit-langit mulut, lidah bibir, dan gigi. Gagap akan lebih buruk ketika bersemangat, lelah atau dibawah tekanan, atau ketika merasa sadar diri, tergesa-gesa atau tertekan. Situasi ketika berbicara didepan kelompok atau berbicara di telepon dapat menjadi sangat sulit bagi orang yag gagap. Sebagai cerminan dari dunia nyata, sebuah film juga mengandung fenomena kegagapan seperti dalam film Rocket Science. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis gagap dan juga konsekuensi dari kegagapan dalam kehidupan sosial yang dialami oleh Hal Hefner dalam film Rocket Science. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis isi kualitatif. Data dihasilkan dari skrip film dan film dalam bentuk ucapan, dialog, kata-kata dan percakapan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada Sembilan puluh lima data yang diidentifikasi sebagai jenis gagap yang dialami oleh Hal Hefner dalam film Rocket Science. Selain itu, ditemukan juga konsekuensi kegagapan dalam kehidupan sosial yang dialami Hal Hefner dalam film tersebut. Peneliti menunjukkan bahwa ada dua belas data dari konsekuensi yang ditemukan oleh peneliti di dalam film. Konsekuensi yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam film tersebut adalah takut untuk berbicara.
THE FUNCTIONS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS OF MALEFICENT CHARACTER IN MALEFICENT MOVIE Desy Biatrik; M. Natsir; Singgih Daru Kuncara
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2869

Abstract

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to identify the types of directive speech acts and functions of language existed in Maleficent’s utterances. There were two theories used in order to fulfill the two objectives of this study. Searle’s (1979) types of directives helped the writer to identify types of directives speech acts uttered by Maleficent. While Jakobson’s (1960) functions of language helped to identify functions of language existed in each directive of Maleficent. This study was a qualitative research due to the fact of using words as its data taken from Maleficent movie script. As the method in analysing data, this study used conversation analysis in which taking account not only the utterances of Maleficent, but also the actions involved within. As the results, there were five types of directive speech acts and three functions of language found in the utterances of Maleficent in Maleficent movie script. The five types of directive speech acts were commanding, inviting, forbidding, requesting, and suggesting. Of all these five types, commanding was the most uttered and effective type by Maleficent regarding her role as the Moors’ protector who gave her the authority to command other people. Meanwhile, the three functions of language in Maleficent’s directives were expressive, conative, and referential. 
PERAN GENERASI MILENIAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI DANAU TOBA Tri Putra Rajagukguk; Kunto Sofianto
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3158

Abstract

The Millennials are terms that include human phenomena and are often talked about in cultural themes of society. This study aims to analyse the role of millennials in the development of tourism villages in Lake Toba and its implications for the preservation of cultural identities (case studies in the village of Simangulampe). The interview form is an open, semi-structured interview. Participants selected in the collection of data through interviews are the administrators of a youth organization (millennials) and indigenous people gathered in Simangulampe tourism village so that they can provide precise information about Potential, constraints, and strategies for the development of tourism attraction in the village. This research has led to the findings that the role of millennials in Lake Toba consists of: (1) The establishment of the GEMASAKTI organization against the potential development of tourism villages. (2) Tourism village socialization by generation of millennials on the development of Tourism Village (3) Problems and constraints of millennials related to the cultures and customs affected by modernity, mindset, human resources, Infrastructure availability, and promotional activities. (4) Form of millennial innovation related to the development efforts of Simangulampe tourism village is done by training and works. The implications are that millennials can familiarize themselves with socio-cultural traditions so that the cultural identity can be preserved and tourism creations in Lake Toba are progressing.
TRADISI LISAN UPACARA ADAT SAUR MATUA SUKU BATAK TOBA: TINJAUAN ANTROPOLINGUISTIK Monica, Monica; Hudiyono, Yusak; Hanum, Irma Surayya
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2937

Abstract

AbstrakPemahaman masyarakat dalam memaknai umpasa dalam upacara adat seperti, Saur Matua diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan rasa cinta terhadap budaya lokal dan dapat melestarikannya tanpa mengubah aturan yang telah ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah umpasa dalam adat Saur Matua yang bersumber dari tiga informan asli suku Batak Toba. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, teknik rekam, teknik sadap dan teknik lanjut catat. Setelah itu, data dianalisis dengan tahapan mereduksi data, penyajian data, dan membuat simpulan. Hasil penelitian adalah bentuk umpasa; makna umpasa yang terdapat dalam adat Saur Matua adalah makna leksikal, makna referensial, makna konotasi dan makna simbolik; dan fungsi umpasa meliputi fungsi kebudayaan, fungsi kemasyarakatan, fungsi pendidikan, fungsi perorangan dan fungsi religi.AbstractThe understanding of community in interpreting umpasa in traditional ceremonies such as, Saur Matua is expected to foster a love of local culture and can preserve it without changing existing rules. This research uses a type of field research with a qualitative descriptive research approach. The data in this study are umpasa in the Saur Matua tradition sourced from three native informants of the Batak Toba tribe. Data obtained using interview techniques, recording techniques, tapping techniques and note-taking techniques. After that, the data are analyzed with the stages of reducing the data, presenting, and making a conclusion. The results of the research are forms of umpasa; the meaning of umpasa contained in the Saur Matua custom is a lexical meaning, referential meaning, connotation meaning, and symbolic meaning; and umpasa functions include cultural functions, social functions, educational functions, individual functions and religious functions.
ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS PERFORMED BY THE MAIN CHARACTER IN THE MATRIX MOVIE Nainggolan, Olleta Vichi; Arifin, M. Bahri; Valiantien, Nita Maya
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3006

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aims of this research were to find out the illocutionary acts performed by the main character in The Matrix movie and to identify the context underlying the illocutionary acts in the main character’s utterances. This research used Searle’s classification of illocutionary acts and Hasan and Halliday’s theory of context. There were 3 steps that applied on this research. The first was to select the utterances spoken by Neo as the main character in The Matrix movie which contain illocutionary acts and categorized them; then identified the context. The second step was to present the findings by using descriptive method. The last step was to draw the conclusion. There were four types of illocutionary acts found in the utterances spoken by Neo. The data were classified into representatives (24), directives (82), commissives (2), and expressives (5). However, the declaratives types of illocutionary acts were not found in the main character’s utterances because Neo had no power or authority to change the reality with his words in The Matrix movie. From the findings, directives were the dominant type of illocutionary acts in the main character’s utterances because he repeatedly expressed his utterances in direct way by questioning, ordering, begging and asking. The context of the utterances is described by identifying the field, tenor and mode of each utterance spoken by the main character in the movie.Key words: Speech Act, Illocutionary Acts, Utterance, Context

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