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All Journal CaLLs : Journal of Culture, Arts, Literature, and Linguistics Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sastra, Bahasa, dan Seni (Sesanti) Ruhui Rahayu: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Riseta Soshum
Muhajir, Fatimah
Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman
Arts Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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THE REFLECTION OF THE WORKING-CLASS LIFE CONDITIONS DURING THE VICTORIAN ERA FOUND IN OLIVER TWIST IN DICKENS’ OLIVER TWIST Rusmini, Rusmini; Kuncara, Singgih Daru; Muhajir, Fatimah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 3, No 4 (2019): Oktober 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (250.363 KB) | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v3i4.2352

Abstract

This study examines Oliver Twist novel written by Charles Dickens as the object of the research. The aims of this research are to find out the conditions of working-class life during the Victorian era which are reflected in Oliver Twist novel, and to show the way Dickens reflected the conditions of working-class life during the Victorian era in Oliver’s life. This research uses the sociology of literature theory in analyzing the working-class life conditions in the novel. The method of this research belongs to qualitative research, using mimetic approach. The data of this research are words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs that indicated as the working-class life conditions as reflected in the novel. Then the result of the research shows there are seven characteristics of the working-class life condition as reflected in Dickens’ Oliver Twist such as the workhouse, fear and hopelessness, the smallest laborers, a difficult transition, an unsanitary life, crime in the city, and too much convicts; and the way Dickens reflected the working-class life conditions during the Victorian era in the novel through Oliver’s actions, dialogues, speech, thoughts, appearance and the narrations of the story.
CLASS EXPLOITATION IN RON RASH’S SERENA NOVEL: A MARXIST CRITICISM Nurman, Muniralizah; Kuncara, Singgih Daru; Muhajir, Fatimah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3101

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study examined Serena novel written by Ron Rash as the object of the research. The aimed of this research was to find out the portrayal of class distinction and labor exploitation in the novel. To achieve the purposes of the study, the research applied Marx’s Social Class and Exploitation theory, and International Labor Organization or ILO’s Indicators of Labor Exploitation. This research used descriptive qualitative research method and Marxist criticism to analyze the social issue of class exploitation reflected in the novel. The data in this research were words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs that indicated social class and exploitation. The result of this research showed two social classes, they were bourgeoisie and proletariat. Bourgeoisie referred to Serena, Pemberton, Buchanan and Wilkie who were owner of timber business, while proletariat were the workers whose life only depended on bourgeoisie for employment. Meanwhile, there were four forms of labor exploitation. First was excessive working hour, like worked eleven hours shift a day and only fifteen minutes break. Second was low salary, like cheap labor and inappropriate wages. Third was bad living condition, like limited and uncomfortable living condition, live in cheap and ragged wooden boxcar. And fourth was hazardous work, like no safety equipment, manual and dangerous tools, forced to work in moody ground and against extreme cold. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji novel Serena yang ditulis oleh Ron Rash sebagai objek penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan gambaran perbedaan kelas dan eksploitasi pekerja di dalam novel. Untuk memperoleh tujuan penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan teori Kelas Sosial dan Eksploitasi oleh Karl Marx, dan teori Indikator Eksploitasi Pekerja oleh International Labor Organization (ILO). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan kritik Marxis untuk menganalisis isu sosial yaitu eksploitasi kelas di dalam novel. Data penelitian ini adalah kata, frasa, kalimat dan paragraf yang menunjukkan kelas sosial dan eksploitasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan dua kelas sosial, yaitu borjuis dan proletar. Borjuis adalah Serena, Pemberton, Buchanan dan Wilkie, yaitu pemilik dari bisnis kayu, sedangkan proletar adalah para pekerja yang hidupnya hanya bergantung pada pekerjaan yang diberikan oleh borjuis. Sementara itu. ada empat bentuk eksploitasi pekerja. Pertama adalah hari dan waktu kerja yang berlebihan, seperti bekerja dengan selama sebelas jam per hari dan limas belas menit istirahat. Kedua adalah gaji rendah, seperti pekerja murah dan gaji yang tidak sesuai. Ketiga adalah kondisi tempat tinggal yang buruk, seperti kondisi tempat tinggal yang terbatas dan tidak nyaman, ditempatkan di sebuah mobil kotak dari kayu yang murah dan compang-camping. Dan keempat adalah kerja yang penuh resiko, seperti tidak ada peralatan keamanan, alat kerja manual dan berbahaya, dipaksa untuk berkerja di lahan berlumpur dan melawan cuaca dingin yang ekstrim. 
CLASS EXPLOITATION IN RON RASH’S SERENA NOVEL: A MARXIST CRITICISM Richi Paglinawan; Surya Sili; Fatimah Muhajir
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 5, No 3 (2021): Juli 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v5i3.4220

Abstract

This research has examined the marxist feminist and patriarchy as the types and form of female issues based on research questions. By using qualitative method, this research uses qualitative research managed to find the issues that occur in this film about how capitalists and patriarchy create the issues toward women. This research tries to identify the types of woman issues contained in the film Suffragette. This film is directed by Sara Gavron. The Suffragette film was inspired by the true story of a group of women activists led by Emmeline Pankhurst, in fighting for women's rights to political and economic participation. Suffragette tells the story using the perspective of the character of Maud Watts, a laundry service worker who joined Pankhurst in raising the issue of women's rights to vote before Parliament; which allowed mainly for upper class men. This research shows the imbalance of political opportunity between the upper class and lower class the dominance of masculinity over female workers. The values of Marxist Feminism were seen through scenes when the character of Maud Watts  testifies before the court and in the Horse Race scene in which the Suffragette groups protest. The court scene shows opposition from women's labor groups, representing women to fight for equality between men and women.
The Struggle for Equality of Social Class Portrayed in Solomon Northup's "12 Years a Slave": A Marxist Analysis Nur Hajjah; Mardliya Pratiwi Z; Fatimah Muhajir
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 7, No 4 (2023): Oktober 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v7i4.8424

Abstract

AbstractThis Thesis discussed the relationship between two social classes, and also discussed the class struggle. As seen in the theory that complements this research, that is theory of Marxism. In the theory of Marxism, it is explained that the relationship of social class between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat is mutually hostile and contradicts each other, and from that conflicted it is seen how the struggle is carried out by an oppressed class. This research aims to determine clearly what relationship that existed between the two social classes, and what struggles the lower classes are doing in gaining equality. Based on this, the researcher decided to analyze the novel 12 Years a Slave by Solomon Northup, and make it the object of thisresearch. Qualitative descriptive method to fulfill the purpose of this research, and thedata in this research used a word, phrase, clause, and sentence taken from the novel 12 Years a Slave. The results showed a conflicting relationship between blacks and whites, in which whites always oppressed blacks. It is from these oppressions that clearly showed the relationship that exists between two classes and a visible struggle of blacks for equality for them. One of them was the struggled of Northup who comes from black people who fought hard to defend himself when he gets bad treatment from his white employer. White people felt they have the right to do that, because they had a higher economic position in the novel. Then, at the end of the story Northup has managed to get justice for him for what he fought for 12 years he hadbeen trapped in the shackles of slavery.Key words: Marxism, Social Class, Bourgeois, Proletariat, Class Struggle. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang hubungan antara dua kelas sosial, dan juga membahas tentang suatu perjuangan kelas. Seperti yang terlihat dalam teori yang menjadi pelengkap penelitian ini yaitu teori Marxisme. Dalam teori Marxisme dijelaskan bahwa hubungan kelas sosial antara kelas borjuis dan kelas proletariat itu saling bermusuhan dan bertentangan satu sama lain, dan dari pertentangan tersebutlah terlihat bagaimana perjuangan yang dilakukan oleh suatu kelas yang tertindas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dengan jelas hubungan apa yang terjalin antara kedua kelas sosial tersebut, dan apa saja perjuangan yang dilakukan kaum kelas bawah dalam mendapatkan suatu kesetaraan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti memutuskan untuk menganalisis novel 12 Years a Slave karya Solomon Norhtup, dan menjadikannya sebagai objek penelitian. Metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk memenuhi tujuan penelitian ini. Data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan suatu kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat yang diambil dari novel 12 Years a Slave. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suatu hubungan yang saling bertentangan antara kaum kulit hitam dengan kaum kulit putih, yang dimana kaum kulit putih selalu menindas kaum kulit hitam. Dari penindasan-penindasan tesebutlah yang menunjukkan dengan jelas suatu hubungan yang terjalin antara kedua kelas tersebut dan suatu perjuangan dari kaum kulit hitamterlihat demi mendapatkan kesetaraan baginya. Salah satunya perjuangan dari Northupyang berasal dari kaum kulit hitam ia membela dirinya saat dia mendapatkan perlakuan yang tidak baik dari majikannya, kaum kulit putih merasa berhak melakukan hal tersebut karena mereka memiliki kedudukan ekonomi yang lebih tinggi dalam novel.Kemudian, pada akhir cerita Northup telah berhasil mendapatkan keadilan untuknya atas apa yang diperjuangkannya selama 12 tahun lamanya dia telah terjebak dalam beleggu perbudakan.Kata Kunci: Marxisme, Kelas Sosial, Borjuis, Proletar, Perjuangan Kelas.
Radical Feminism of Natalie Artemis' Character in Monster Hunter Film F. Sandro Asshary; Fatimah Muhajir; Ririn Setyowati
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 7, No 4 (2023): Oktober 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v7i4.8431

Abstract

Feminism issues are often radically depicted in literary works, especially in a film today. Filmmakers emphasize these issues to raise women’s awareness about the oppression that might happen to them. This radical movement happens because they try to create an idealistic society for women. From this premise, radical feminism was born because the previous movement could not undo the women’s oppression as time goes throughout the decades. Adjusting to the patriarchal system, women are often portrayed as unique and unusual to be treated as equal to men. This study aims to analyze the radical feminism of Natalie Artemis’ character in Monster Hunter film using Tong’s radical feminism and Petrie and Boggs’ characterization theories. This research used Uwe’s qualitative descriptive method and Mikos’ film analysis theory. The researcher confirms that Natalie Artemis’ character is portrayed as a radical feminist through radical libertarians and radical cultural feminists’ ideas in the Monster Hunter film. These ideas are portrayed through Natalie Artemis’ androgynous appearance and gender portrayal.
Racial Discrimination toward the Black in Stephen Hopkins's Race (2016) Film Yuliyana, Yuliyana; Muhajir, Fatimah; Alamsyah, Alamsyah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v8i2.14737

Abstract

ABSTRACT Racial discrimination is a social problem that occurred from a long time until today. It can be any negative act such as exclusion, distinction, limitation, or preference for other people on the basis of race, ethnicity, or skin color. Some racial discrimination that happened in our real life is also seen in film as a reflection of real life. There are many films that raise the racial discrimination theme, one of them is Race film by Stephen Hopkins. This research aims to analyze the Racial discrimination specifically types of racial discrimination used Fred L.Pincus theory, and negative impacts of racial discrimination used Settle theory. This research was conducted by using qualitative method. In this research, the researcher took data from script and scene in the film. The results of the research show that there are nine data indicated as types of racial discrimination and five data indicated as the negative impact of racial discrimination against black people in the Race film. In this research, there are three types of racial discrimination that are portrayed in the Race film namely, individual discrimination, institutional discrimination, and structural discrimination. There are three types of negative impacts of racial discrimination toward the blacks namely, health problem, wellbeing problem, and influence emotional reaction. Keywords: film, impacts of racial discrimination, racial discrimination
THE TRIPARTITE ROLE OF THE PSYCHE IN RON WILLIAMSON’S CHARACTER IN JOHN GRISHAM’S THE INNOCENT MAN: MURDER AND INJUSTICE IN A SMALL TOWN NOVEL Hafiz Naufal Anshoor; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

Psychoanalysis is the study to analyze the human's behavior and personality. It is one of the scientific disciplines developed by Sigmund Freud. It appears to scrutinize deeper of human personality. The tripartite psyche refers to id, ego, and superego. It exists to construct human’s personality based from the experiences. The role of id, ego, and superego are to maintain or balance human’s behavior. This thesis discusses about the tripartite role of the psyche in the main character in John Grisham’s The Innocent Man: Murder and Injustice in a Small Town novel named Ron Williamson. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate Ron Williamson’s tripartite psyche portrayed in the novel. The researcher used qualitative research methodology and psychoanalysis approach. The results of this thesis Ron Williamson, as the main character is a unique character. The Id of Ron Williamson depicted in the novel are immoral, uncontrollable, unethical, troublemaker, selfish, drunk, childish, excessive, erratic, unpredictable, hallucination, disoriented, mood swings, uncertain, delusional, and confused. In the other hand, the ego of Ron Williamson are worried, regret, reduce the selfishness, responsible, mindful, slowly unconfused, reduced the troublemaker, honest, patience, and rational thinking. The last is superego of Ron Williamson are polite, good attitudes, servant of God, sympathetic, stable behavior, intelligent, more sensible thinking, more responsive to his surroundings, devout Christian, quit from troublemaker, break out from selfishness, and forgiving. Furthermore, the findings show that those depictions are from conflicts to other minor character, self-conflict, direct description from the author, dialogues, and events in each chapter.
THE PORTRAYAL OF AFRO-AMERICAN STRUGGLE AGAINST RACISM IN SELMA FILM Merlin Octafiani Ruata; Chris Asanti; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

Racism is a belief that some groups are superior and some groups are inferior. One of the literary works that tells about racist is Selma film. Selma is a film directed by Ava Du Vernay, written by Paul Webb, and was released in 2014. The film is talking about racism issues that happened in America in 1965. The entitled of this research is the portrayal of Afro American struggle against racism in Selma film formulate two research questions about kinds of racism and the way Afro- American people struggle against racism in Selma film. The purposes of this research is find out about kinds of racism and the way Afro-American people struggle against racism in Selma film. In this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative method and racism theory. Furthermore, the data were generated from the script, dialogues, and the scenes in the film. The results of this research found two kinds of racism: individual racism and institutional racism. The finding also showed ways of struggle against racism, they are: coercion and refusal, domination and escape, subjectification and creation. The struggle of Afro- American was represented by characterization of the characters which showed racism treatment in the Film.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENT USING ECOCRITICISM IN THE LEGACY OF HEOROT NOVEL BY LARRY NIVEN, JERRY POURNELLE, AND STEVEN BARNES Theodorick Ardavid Manullang; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

This research deals with the relationship between human and environment as seen in The Legacy Of Heorot Novel by Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle, and Steven Barnes. The purpose of this research is to find out the relation between humans and the environment that affect the ecology of Avalon. This research uses qualitative method and ecocriticism theory by Greg Garrad. The theory of pastoral, wilderness, and the animal are used to analyze the relationship between human and environment and the behavior of main character towards nature. The result of this research shows that there are several relationships between human and the environment in the novel. The relationship that shows in the novel such as overhunting towards wild animal and land consumption that leads to the destruction of wild animal habitat, wild animal extinction, and overpopulation of other wild animals. Meanwhile, the main character shows his behavior towards nature to re-establish the ecology from his speech such as telling people on Avalon to stop building human settlement, prohibit overhunting activity, and reducing the overpopulated wild animal. The main character also shows his behavior from his action such as killing overpopulated Grendel using electric fence, deadfall trap, and controlling Grendel’s territory and population.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND NONHUMAN USING ECOCRITICISM IN GORDEN J.L RAMEL’S POEMS Manalu Yerico Calvin; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

The research aims to analyze the relationship between human and nonhuman and representation of nature in Gorden J.L Ramel’s Poems entitled “Mankind Doesn’t Agree”, “Tiger Tiger Revisited”, and “Daffodils No More”. This research used qualitative method and ecocriticism theory by Greg Garrard. There are two concepts of ecoriticism that were used by the researcher. The concepts of animals and pastoral were used to analyze the relationship between human and nonhuman and the representation of nature in the poems. The results of this research are human should not do abusive or disruptive actions as the concept of animals mentioned like human and animals should have a good relationship which means human should treat animals well. Moreover, the concept of pastoral states human and nature should have a harmony relationship which means the existence of nature should be stable as the counter of disruptive energy and change of human societies. The implication of this research the other researchers can use the other concepts of ecocriticism by Garrard Greg to analyze their research object likes a poem that discuss about nature and also other literary works.
Co-Authors Alamsyah - Anisa Amalia Anjar Dwi Astuti, Anjar Dwi Anjeliani Azzahra, Karina Annisa Bayu Aji Nugroho, Bayu Aji Chris Asanti Chris Asanti, Chris Ermina, Yeni F. Sandro Asshary Fajriati, Dwi Nor Fitriana, Tyas Fransisca, Candra Hafiezd, Rizki Chaidier Hafiz Naufal Anshoor Husnul Khatimah Hutami, Rattania Dwi Indah Sari Indrawan Dwisetya Suhendi, Indrawan Dwisetya Jonathan Irene Sartika Dewi Max Juliastuti Juliastuti M. Natsir Manalu Yerico Calvin Mardliya Pratiwi Z Merlin Octafiani Ruata Muhammad Natsir Muhammad Wildan Nur Hajjah Nurman, Muniralizah Putra, Aprilian Kurnia Putri, Yasmin Medina Anggia Rahayu, Famala Eka Sanhadi Rasyid, Muhammad Jaini Richi Paglinawan Ririn Setyowati Romlah, Imas Ruqoyyah, Ruqoyyah Rusmini Rusmini Santi Rahmawati Sari, Norma Atika Satyawati Surya, Satyawati Setya Ariani Sili, Surya Singgih Daru Kuncara Siregar, Rusnandar Sudirman, Eka Pratiwi Surya Sili Tantri, Agra Liz Theodorick Ardavid Manullang Wati, Nurhaliza Fajar Wilma Prafitri Yetty Yetty Yuliyana, Yuliyana Zamruddin, Mardliya Pratiwi