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Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics)

IJND
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Published by Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta

ISSN : 23033045 EISSN : 2503183X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Education,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Other

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) abbreviated IJND (p-ISSN 2303-3045 and e-ISSN 2503-183X) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing updated research and non-research articles in the area of nutrition and dietetics. This journal is published three times annually (January, May, and September) by Alma Ata University Press in collaboration with Indonesian Nutrition Association (Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 278 Documents

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Perilaku makan dan kejadian obesitas anak di SD Negeri Kota Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara Supiati Supiati; Djauhar Ismail; Retna Siwi P
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 2, NOMOR 2, MEI 2014
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity is a health problem in developed countries as well as developing countries like Indonesia. National prevalence of overweight children aged 6-14 years is 9.5% in male and 6.4% in female. In Sulawesi Tenggara, there are 6.2% of male and 4.5% of female children who were overweight. Obesity in City of Kendari, there was an increase of obesity prevalence 0.15% in 2007 and 0.26% in 2008. Obesity can be influenced by various factors. It issuspected that eating behavior is a major factor, so we want to know, how big is the eating behaviors contribute to children’s obesity.Objectives: To determine the relationship of eating behavior and incidence of childhood obesity in one favorite public elementary school in Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara Province.Methods: This research was observational with cross sectional study design it was conducted in May 2010. Data was analysed using comparative test (chi square), and logistic regression.Results: There was significant correlation between eating behavior and obese incidence (p<0.01) with the power of prevalence ration (PR) was protective in their nature (PR= 1/0.12 = 8.3 In other words, the subject with healthy eating behavior had probability 8.3 times greater to not obese.Conclusions: There was significant correlation between diet behavior and the obesity in the children with the power of correlation and prevalence ratio was protective. The subject with healthy diet behavior had probability of 8.3 times to avoid obese incidence compared to the subject with non healthy eating behavior.KEYWORDS: eating behavior, obesity, elementary school childrenABSTRAKLatar belakang: Obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan di negara maju dan berkembang seperti Indonesia. Prevalensi nasional berat badan lebih anak usia 6-14 tahun pada laki-laki 9,5% dan pada perempuan 6,4%. Di Sulawesi Tengggara, prevalensi tersebut 6,2% pada laki-laki dan 4,5% pada perempuan. Obesitas di Kota Kendari meningkat setiap tahun yaitu 0,15% pada tahun 2007 dan 0,26% tahun 2008. Obesitas dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, diduga perilaku makan merupakan faktor utama, sehingga ingin diketahui seberapa besar pengaruh perilaku makan menyumbang terhadap kejadian obesitas.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku makan dan kejadian obesitas anak di SDN favorit Kota Kendari Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross- sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2010. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparatif (chi square), dan regresi logistik.Hasil: Ada hubungan terbalik antara perilaku makan dengan obesitas anak.P<0,01 dengan kekuatan hubungan dan rasio prevalensi (RP)=1/0,12=83, yaitu subjek yang mempunyai perilaku makan sehat mempunyai peluang 8,3 kali lebih besar untuk terhindar dari terjdinya obesitas.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang sangat signifi kan antara perilaku makan dengan obesitas anak, dengan kekuatan hubungan dan rasio prevalensi yang bersifat protektif yaitu subjek yang mempunyai perilaku makan sehat mempunyai peluang 8,3 kali untuk terhindar dari terjadinya obesitas dibandingkan dengan anak yang berperilaku makan tidak sehat.KATA KUNCI: perilaku makan, obesitas, anak sekolah dasar

Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak umur 6-36 bulan di Wilayah Pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu, Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat Siti Wahdah; M Juffrie; Emy Huriyati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, MEI 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting in children under five is an indicator of nutritional status that can reflect problem of overall social economic condition in the past. Stunting that occurs in childhood is a risk factor of increasing in mortality rate, low cognitive capability and motoric development, and improper physical function. The incidence of stunting is associated with many factors such as family environment (education, occupation, income, rearing pattern, eating pattern, and number of family members), nutritional factors (exclusivebreastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding), genetic factor, infection disease, and the incidence of low birth weight. The scope of stunting in 2010 were 35,6% and 39,7% in Indonesia and Province of Kalimantan Barat.Objectives: To identify the risk factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children of 6-36 months in Silat Hulu District of Kapuas Hulu, Province of Kalimantan Barat.Methods: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. Population of the study were all of underfi ves children at remote area of Subdistrict of Silat Hulu, District of Kapuas Hulu, Province of Kalimantan Barat. Data analysis used chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to identify themost dominantly determinant stunting variable.Results: The incidence of stunting was significantly associated with occupation of mother, height of father, height of mother, income, number of family members, rearing pattern, and exclusive breastfeeding supplementation (p<0.05). The incidence of stunting was not associated with occupation of father, eating pattern, duration of breastfeeding, infection disease, and education of mother (p>0.05).Conclusions: Factors associated with the incidence of stunting were the work of mothers, rearing pattern, family income, number of household members, father’s height, maternal height, and exclusive breastfeeding. The most dominant determinant of risk factors on the incidence of stunting were exclusivebreastfeeding, number of household members, maternal height, income, and father’s height.KEYWORDS: exclusive breastfeeding, height of father, height of mother, income, stuntingABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting pada anak balita merupakan indikator status gizi yang dapat memberikan gambaran gangguan keadaan sosial ekonomi secara keseluruhan di masa lampau. Stunting yang terjadi pada masa anak merupakan faktor risiko meningkatnya angka kematian, kemampuan kognitif dan perkembangan motorik yang rendah, dan fungsi tubuh yang tidak seimbang. Kejadian stunting berhubungan dengan berbagai macam faktor antara lain lingkungan keluarga (pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, pola asuh, pola makan dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga), faktor gizi (ASI eksklusif danlama pemberian ASI), faktor genetik, penyakit infeksi, dan kejadian BBLR. Menurut hasil riset kesehatan dasar, prevalensi anak balita yang menderita stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2010 masih tinggi sebesar 35,6%, dan 39,7% di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak umur 6-36 bulan di pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasinya adalah seluruh balita yang ada di wilayah pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan untuk mengetahui variabel paling determinan terhadap stunting dilakukan analisis regresi logistik.Hasil: Kejadian stunting berhubungan signifi kan dengan pekerjaan ibu, tinggi badan ayah, tinggi badan ibu, pendapatan, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, pola asuh, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p<0,05). Kejadian stunting tidak berhubungan dengan, pekerjaan ayah, pola makan, lama pemberian ASI, penyakit infeksi, dan pendidikan ibu (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting adalah pekerjaan ibu, pola asuh, pendapatan keluarga, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, tinggi badan ayah, tinggi badan ibu, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Faktor risiko determinan terhadap kejadian stunting adalah pendapatan, jumlah anggotarumah tangga, tinggi badan ayah, tinggi badan ibu, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif.KATA KUNCI: stunting, pendapatan, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, tinggi badan, ayah, tinggi badan ibu, pemberian ASI eksklusif

Asupan lemak dan aktivitas fisik serta hubungannya dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pasien rawat jalan Lusi Ayu Kartika; Effatul Afifah; Isti Suryani
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 4 NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2016
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is a great health problem in Indonesia. The cause of hypertension was high fat intake and low physical activity. In Indonesia in 2013, the prevalence of hipertension was 28,5%, and in Yogyakarta was 25,7%. Objectives: To Know the correlation between fat intake and phisical activity and hypertension among outpatients in RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul.Methods: This was an observasional study with case-control design. Cases was outpatient aged 30 – 60 years with hypertension. Controls was outpatient aged 30-60 years without hypertension. Data were analyzed by using univariable (descriptive), bivariable (chi-square test), and multivariable anaysis (logistic regression).Results: Bivariat analysis showed that there was significant relationship between fat intake (p =0,009; OR=3,839; CI 95% = 1,357 – 10,861), outpatient aged (p=0,008; OR=3,37; CI=1,340-8,476) and hypertension. However, no significant relationship between physical activity ( τ = 0,075; p= 0,451), Body mass index (p=0,065; OR=2,155; CI 95%= 0,949–4,893) and hypertension. Multivariate analysis showed that variables most influential against an hypertension is fat intake (p=0,010; OR (CI 95%) = 4,246 (1,418 – 12,721)).Conclusions: There was significant correlation between fat intake, aged, and hypertension. However, physical activity and body mass index failed to prove the correlation with hypertension.KEYWORDS : Hypertension, Fat Intake, Physical Activity, BMI, Aged ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Hipertensi masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang besar di Indonesia. Penyebab terjadinya hipertensi diantaranya adalah asupan makanan tinggi lemak dan aktivitas fisik yang rendah. Di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 prevalensi stunting sebanyak 28,5 %, dan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sebanyak 25,7%. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan lemak dan aktivitas fisik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta.Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan case-control. Kasus adalah pasien rawat jalan usia 30 – 60 tahun dengan diagnosa hipertensi. Kontrol adalah pasien rawat jalan usia 30 – 60 tahun yang tidak hipertensi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat (deskriptif), bivariat (uji chi-square), dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik).Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukan asupan lemak ( p =0,009; OR=3,839; CI 95% = 1,357 – 10,861), dan usia (p=0,008; OR=3,37; CI=1,340-8,476) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Aktivitas fisik ( τ = 0,075; p= 0,451), dan IMT ( p=0,065; OR=2,155; CI 95%= 0,949–4,893) tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Analisis multivariat menunjukan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya hipertensi adalah asupan lemak (p=0,010; OR (CI 95%) = 4,246 (1,418 – 12,721)).Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan lemak dan usia dengan kejadian hipertensi. Namun aktivitas fisik dan IMT tidak berhasil membuktikan hubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi.KATA KUNCI : Hipertensi, Asupan Lemak, Aktivitas Fisik, IMT, Usia.

Dietary fiber and carboydrate contents of gathotan and gathot as functional food for people with diabetes mellitus Puspita Mardika Sari; Desty Ervira Puspaningtyas; Rio Jati Kusuma
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 5, ISSUE 2, 2017
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Background : Gathotan and gathot are Indonesian cassava traditional fermented food from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. These fermented foods may be considered as an important component of a functional-foods based diet for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Previous study found that gathotan and gathot hadve low glycemic index (GI). Fermentation processed using fungi and bacteria hadve potency to give many beneficial effects, such as prebiotic that gives contribution on the forming of short chain fatty acid (SCFA). SCFA gives many beneficial effects on metabolism and prognosis on DM type 2. However, there have been no study on the potency of gathotan and gathot as dietary fiber sources.Objectives: This study was designed to examine carbohydrate and dietary fiber content in gathotan and gathot as functional food for people with DM.Methods: Gathotan was made by spontaneous fermentation. Gathot was made by soaking overnight of gathotan, then steaming and drying. Carbohydrates content was calculated by using “carbohydrate by diference” method. Dietary fiber content was analyzed by using enzymatic gravimetri method.Results: The highest carbohydrate content was found in cassava (81,13%), followed by gathotan (68,32%), and gathot (39,03%), respectively. The highest dietary fiber content was found in gathot (17,36%), followed by gathotan (14%), and cassava (8,61%) respectively.Conclusions: Fermentation process of cassava to be gathotan and gathot are potential to increase dietary fiber and decrease carbohydrate content. KEYWORDS: gathotan, gathot, functional food, diabetes mellitus.

Perbedaan konsumsi buah dan sayur pada anak sekolah dasar yang obes dan tidak obes di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Irma Nuraeni; Hamam Hadi; Yhona Paratmanitya
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 2, MEI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Curently, Indonesia has double burden problems nutrition, such as malnutrition and over nutrition. Overnutrition or obesity are not just happening in adults only, but also can occur in childhood. If the problem of obesity in children and adolescents cannot be resolved, it can be inﬂ uenced obese in adulthood then potentially to have noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Prevalence of obesity inchildren at Yogyakarta Province increases year by year (1;2). Obesity was caused by an imbalance in energy intake andenergy expenditure. Children tend to consume high energy-dense, sweet taste meal, high fat foods and less dietary ﬁber from fruits and vegetables. Several studies showed that there was increasing in risk of obesity from someone who have less consumption of fruits and vegetables.Objective:To determine differences in frequency and amount of fruit and vegetable consumption in elementary school children obese and non-obese at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul and to ﬁnd out the risk of obesity in children who have less consumption of fruits and vegetables. Methods:The study design was a case-control, 244 samples as cases (obese children) and 244 controls (non-obesechildren). The subject of this study was children aged 6-12 years who were seated in class 1 to class 5 elementary schools at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul. Identity data obtained from a structured questionnaire respondent, frequency and amount of fruit and vegetable consumption were taken from Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questioner(SQFFQ).Then the results analyzed using statistical test.Results: Statistical test showed that there were signiﬁcant differences (p<0,05) in the frequency and number of fruit and vegetable consumption in obese and non-obese elementary school children at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul. Multivariate analysis after controlled by gender and energy intake, showed that obese children who rarely consuming fruits (<7 times/week) (OR=2,24, 95%CI: 1.53-3.28), rarely consuming vegetables (<7 times/week) (OR=2,52, 95%CI: 1,70-3,73), and consuming fruits and vegetables less than 5 servings/day (equivalent to 400 g/day) (OR= 4,59, 95%CI:2,11-10,00) were greater risk for being obesity.Conclusion:Obese children had rarely and less consume of fruits and vegetables than that did in non-obese children at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul. The children rarely and less consuming fruits and vegetables increased the risk of obesity.KEYWORDS: children obesity, vegetable, fruitABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Indonesia saat ini mengalami masalah gizi ganda, yaitu masalah gizi kurang dan gizi lebih. Kelebihan gizi atau obesitas pada anak dan remaja apabila tidak diatasi maka berdampak menjadi obesitas pada masa dewasa yang berpotensi mengalami penyakit tidak menular, seperti jantung, hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus. Prevalensi obesitas pada anak di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun (1; 2). Obesitas disebabkan ketidakseimbangan antara masukan dengan keluaran energi. Anak cenderung mengkonsumsi padat energi yang berasa manis dan berlemak tinggi serta makanan kurang serat dari buah dan sayur. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan risiko obesitas pada orang yang kurang konsumsi buah dan sayur.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan frekuensi dan jumlah konsumsi buah dan sayur pada anak SD obes dan tidak obes di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul serta peran konsumsi buah dan sayur terhadap kejadian obesitas. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah case-control, 244 kasus (anak obes) dan 244 kontrol (anak tidak obes). Subjek penelitian adalah anak usia 6-12 tahun yang duduk di kelas 1 hingga kelas 5 sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta dan di Kabupaten Bantul. Data identitas diperoleh dari kuesioner terstruktur, sedangkan data frekuensi dan jumlah konsumsi buah dan sayur diperoleh dari semikuantitatif FFQ. Hasilnya kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik.Hasil: Pada anak SD obes dan tidak obes di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul terdapat perbedaan yang signiﬁkan(p<0,05) dalam frekuensi dan jumlah konsumsi buah dan sayur. Hasil analisis multivariat setelah dikontrol dengan jenis kelamin dan asupan energi menunjukkan bahwa anak SD obes yang mengkonsumsi buah jarang (< 7 kali/minggu) (OR=2,24, 95%CI:1,53-3,28), frekuensi konsumsi sayur jarang (<7 kali/minggu) (OR=2,52, 95%CI: 1,70-3,73), jumlah konsumsi buah dan sayur kurang dari 5 porsi/hari atau setara dengan 400 gr/hari (OR=4,59, 95%CI: 2,11-10,00) berisiko lebih besar untuk terjadinya obesitas. Kesimpulan: Anak SD yang obes lebih jarang dan lebih sedikit mengkonsumsi buah dan sayur dibandingkan dengan anak SD yang tidak obes di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Anak yang jarang dan sedikit mengkonsumsi buah dan sayur dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya obesitas.KATA KUNCI: obesitas anak, sayur, buah

Yoghurt kedelai hitam (black soyghurt) dapat menurunkan kadar LDL tikus hiperkolesterolemia Slamet Riyanto; Hesti Muwarni R
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 1, JANUARI 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypercholesterolemia is a main risk factor of cardiovascular disease that remains the higher cause of deaths in the world. Black soy bean containing protein, fiber, vitamin, isoflavon, and flavonoid can decrease serum cholesterol level. Yoghurt contains lactic acid bacteria that decrease total and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and increase the HDL cholesterol. Processing of black soy bean into black soyghurt can increase its isoflavon’s activity by forming aglicone, which has higher activity to decrease cholesterol.Objectives: To know the effect of black soyghurt feeding to LDL, HDL, and HDL ratio of hypercholesterolemic rats.Methods: This research was true-experimental using post test only with control group design. Subjects were 20 male Sprague dawley rats, 2 months old, inducted hypercholesterolemia, given black soyghurt diet using 2 mL, 3 mL, and 4 mL dosage for 21 days. Serum lipid profile were measured by CHOD-PAPand GPO-PAP methods respectively. Normality of the data were tested by Shapiro Wilks test. Data were analyzed by paired t test and Anova continued by LSD test using computer program.Results: The study revealed that black soyghurt 4 mL/day decreased LDL (p=0.02) at the most significant level. The other doses did not significantly influence the levels of LDL (p>0.05 ). There was also no effect of black soyghurt feeding on serum HDL cholesterol levels (p=0.11) and the ratio of LDL /HDL (p=0.087).Conclusions: The feeding of black soyghurt at the dosage of 4 mL/day to hypercholesterolemic rats could decrease the serum LDL, but could decrease the ratio of LDL / HDL significantly.KEYWORDS: black soyghurt, LDL/HDL ratio, hypercholesterolemicABSTRAKLatar belakang: Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler yang menjadi penyebab kematian utama di dunia. Kedelai hitam mengandung protein, vitamin, serat, isoflavon, dan flavonoid yang mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Yoghurt mengandung bakteri asam laktat yang mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida serta meningkatkan HDL. Pengolahan kedelai hitam menjadi black soyghurt meningkatkan aktivitas isoflavon dalam kedelai hitam menjadi aglikon yang lebih tinggi aktivitasnya dalam menurunkan kolesterol.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian yoghurt kedelai hitam terhadap kadar LDL, HDL, dan rasio LDL/HDL pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah true-experimental dengan post test only with control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 tikus Sprague dawley jantan berusia 2 bulan, diinduksi hiperkolesterolemia, diberi black soyghurt dosis 2 mL, 3 mL, dan 4 mL selama 21 hari. Profil lipid diperiksa dengan metode cholesterol oxidase-peroxidase aminoantipyrine phenol (CHOD-PAP). Normalitas data diuji dengan Shapiro Wilks. Data dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan dan Anova, dilanjutkan uji least significant difference (LSD) menggunakan program komputer. Hasil: Pemberian black soyghurt dosis 4 mL/hari mampu menurunkan kadar LDL (p=0,002) paling signfikan. Dosis pemberian lain tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kadar LDL (p>0,05). Pemberian pakan tersebut juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar kolesterol HDL serum hewan coba (p=0,11), dan rasio LDL/HDL (p=0,087).Kesimpulan: Diet mengandung black soyghurt dosis 4 mL/hari dapat menurunkan LDL, tetapi tidak mampu menurunkan rasio LDL/HDL secara signifikan.KATA KUNCI: black soyghurt, rasio LDL/HDL, hiperkolesterolemia

Pemberian ekstrak air buah sawo (Manilkara zapota L.) menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus (rattus norvegicus) diabetes mellitus Effatul Afifah
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic problem disorder characterized by hyperglicemia which is caused by insulin deficiency produced by β-pancreas cells, thus causing abnormalities of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, and tend to cause complications. Objectives: To know the effect of sapodilla extract water on blood glucose level of diabetic induce mice. Methods: This was an experimental study with pre-post control group design. Sapodilla extract water (EABS) was fed to group of mice with alloxan diabetes induction. Twenty four DM induced mice were separated into 4 groups, e.g. control without and with medication of glibenclamide, EABS 1 (treated with 3.6 mL/200 g body weight), and EABS 2 (treated with 7.2 mL/200 g body weight). Mice were then measured for their blood glucose level at the day of 3, 14, and 30. Results: EABS 1 and EABS 2 decreased blood glucose levels at week of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd after induction. The greatest reduction was shown by EABS 2 at the 3rd week. EABS decreased blood glucose level of mice induced DM and signifi cantly shown at glibenclamide group, followed by EABS 2 and EABS 1.Conclusions: EABS reduced blood glucose levels of diabetic mice and signifi cantly shown for glibenclamide group, followed by EABS 2 and EABS 1.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, sapodilla extract water, blood glucoseABSTRAKLatar belakang: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan insulin yang dihasilkan oleh sel β-pankreas sehingga menimbulkan kelainan metabolisme karbohidrat, protein dan lemak, dan cenderung menimbulkan komplikasi.Tujuan: Mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak buah air sawo terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus yang diinduksi DM.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni dengan rancangan pre-post test control group design dengan memberikan intervensi ekstrak buah air sawo (EABS) pada kelompok tikus yang diberikan induksi DM menggunakan aloksan. Sebanyak 24 tikus yang diinduksi DM dikelompokkan ke dalam 4 perlakuan, antara lain kontrol tanpa dan dengan pengobatan glienclamide, EABS 1 (diberi 3,6 mL/200 g berat badan), dan EABS 2 (7,2 mL/200 g berat badan). Tikus diukur kadar gula darahnya pada hari ke-3, 14, dan 30. Hasil: EABS mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus, baik pada kelompok EABS 1 maupun EABS 2 pada minggu ke-1, ke-2, dan ke-3 setelah induksi. Hasil penurunan kadar glukosa yang paling besar terjadi pada kelompok EABS 2 pada minggu ke-3 perlakuan. EABS dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus yang diinduksi DM dan paling signifi kan terjadi pada kelompok glibenclamide diikuti oleh EABS 2 dan EABS 1.Kesimpulan: EABS mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus yang diinduksi alloxan.KATA KUNCI: diabetes mellitus, ekstrak air buah sawo, glukosa darah

Waktu pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu Dwi Puji Khasanah; Hamam Hadi; Bunga Astria Paramashanti
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 4, NOMOR 2, MEI 2016
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting in children 6-23 months old was not directly realized and can be looked after they are 2 years old. Almost 18.08% in District Bantul suffered from stunting. Stunting in children 6-23 months, may be correlated with the first time of complementary feeding introduction and inadequate intake of nutrients (energy and protein).Objectives: To know the association between time of complementary feeding introduction, energy and protein intake with stunting in children 6-23 months old in Sedayu.Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. Research locations was in District of Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta.The subject of study was children 6-23 months old in Sedayu. Samples were 190 children aged 6-23 months selected by using technique probability proportional to size (pps). The status of stunting in children was measured based on body length/age and used to analyze the risk of complementary feeding with stunting.Results: The results of the analysis bivariat showed that early complementary feeding was significantly associated with stunting (OR=2.867, 95% CI:1.453-5.656). Intake of energy and proteins had no association with stunting (p=0.005).Conclusions: There were association between time of complementary feeding introduction with stunting. Intake of energy and protein were not risk factors of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul, Yogyakarta.KEYWORDS: complementary feeding, intake of energy, intake of protein, stuntingABSTRACTLatar belakang: Terjadinya stunting pada baduta seringkali tidak disadari, dan setelah dua tahun baru terlihat ternyata balita tersebut pendek. Sebesar 18,08% balita di Kabupaten Bantul menderita stunting. Penyebab terjadinya stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan erat kaitannya dengan waktu pertama pemberianmakanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) serta asupan zat gizi (energi dan protein) pada makanan yang kurang memadai.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara waktu memulai pemberian serta jumlah asupan energi dan protein dari MP-ASI dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan desain studi cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Sedayu Kabupaten Bantul Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian adalah anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu. Besar sampel yang dibutuhkan adalah 190 anak usia 6-23 bulan. Pemilihan subjekpenelitian menggunakan teknik probability proportional to size (PPS). Untuk mengetahui status stunting pada anak dilakukan pengukuran panjang badan menurut umur (PB/U) dan digunakan analisis besarnya risiko pemberian MP-ASI terhadap kejadian stunting.Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan waktu pertama kali pemberian MP-ASI berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (OR=2,867, 95%CI:1,453-5,656). Asupan energi dan protein tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting (p>0,005).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara waktu pertama pemberian MP-ASI yang terlalu dini terhadap kejadian stunting. Asupan energi dan protein yang kurang tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta.KATA KUNCI: pemberian MP-ASI, asupan energi, asupan protein, stunting

Asupan vitamin C berhubungan dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien rawat jalan DM tipe 2 Riya Purwaningtyastuti; Esti Nurwanti; Nurul Huda
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 5, NOMOR 1, 2017
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACKBackground: High sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus causes changes in the body. One of its detrimental process called oxidation reaction that causes the increased formation of harmful substances called free radicals. Antioxidant vitamin A, C, and E helpful to reduce oxidative damage in people with diabetes mellitus and prevent complications. Objectives: The know relationship intake antioxidant with blood glocuse level outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus in RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta. Methods: This study was observasional with of cross sectional. The subjects in this study were outpatients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with sampels of 89 respondents. Purposive sampling technique. Data consumption pattern of antioxidant, used semi quantitative food frequency (SQFFQ) laboratories to examination and blood glucose levels. Data analysis used Fisher’s Exact Test. Results: There is signiﬁcant association between vitamin C intake with blood sugar levels in patients diabetes mellitus the value of p = 0.004. The existence of a no signiﬁ cant association between vitamin E intake with blood sugar levels in patients diabetes mellitus the value of p = 0.073 and there is no signiﬁ cant association between vitamin A intake with blood sugar levels in patients diabetes mellitus the value of p = 0.252. Conclusion: There is a relationship between vitamin C intake with blood sugar levels, while the intake of vitamin A and E are not related to blood sugar levels KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level, vitamin C intake, vitamin A intake, vitamin E intake. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Kadar glukosa yang tinggi pada penderita kencing manis/DM menyebabkan berbagai perubahan di dalam tubuh. Salah satu proses merugikan dinamakan reaksi oksidasi yang menyebabkan peningkatan pembentukan zat berbahaya yang disebut radikal bebas. Antioksidan vitamin A,C dan E bermanfaat dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan antioksidan dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien rawat jalan DM tipe 2 di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien rawat jalan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan jumlah sampel 89 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Data asupan antioksidan menggunakan semi quantitative food frequency (SQFFQ) dan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk kadar glukosa darah. Analisis data menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan vitamin C dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan p value 0,004, tidak ada hubungan asupan vitamin E dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan p value 0,073 dan tidak ada hubungan asupan vitamin A dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan nilai p value 0,252. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara asupan vitamin C dengan kadar glukosa darah sedangkan vitamin A dan E tidak ada hubungan dengan kadar glukosa darah. KATA KUNCI: diabetes melitus tipe 2, kadar glukosa darah, vitamin A, vitamin E dan vitamin C

ASI eksklusif berhubungan dengan perkembangan bayi di Kecamatan Gading Cempaka Kota Bengkulu Kamsiah .; Detty Siti Nurdiati; Emy Huriyati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 1, JANUARI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Malnutrition is a major problem in Indonesia nowadays. Malnutrition will affect the quality of human resources in the future. Age of 7–12 months is a critical and golden period for the process of child development. Early complementary breastfeeding is one of causes the prevalence child development disorder.Objective: To ﬁ nd out the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the development of infants 7–12 months old at the Health Center at Jalan Gedang, Sub District of Gading Cempaka, Bengkulu Municipality.Method: This observational study used cross sectional design. There were as many as 75 samples of infants 7–12 months old taken using cluster random sampling. Data of breastfeeding were obtained from questionnaires, data of development were obtained from questionnaires with pre-screening development format. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression statistical test.Result: There was signiﬁ cant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and infant development (p<0.05). There was signiﬁ cant relationship between birth weight and infant development (p<0.05). There was no signiﬁ cant relationship between method of childbirth, education of mothers, mothers’ occupation, family income and infant development (p>0.05). The result of multivariable analysis showed that birth weight was a predictor of infant development (OR= 5.231).Conclusion: There was signiﬁ cant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the development of infants of 7–12 months old. Birth weight was a dominant factor related to the development of infants of 7–12 months old.KEYWORDS:exclusive breastfeeding, infant developmentABSTRAKLatar belakang: Malnutrisi menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia yang akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia pada masa yang akan dating. Usia 7-12 tahun merupakan masa kritis dan masa keemasan bagi perkembangan anak. Pemberian MPASI (makanan pendamping ASI) yang terlalu dini merupakan salah satu penyebab gangguan perkembangan bayi.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ASI eksklusif dengan perkembangan bayi di Puskesmas Jalan Gedang Kecamatan Gading Cempaka Kota Bengkulu.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 75 bayi berusia 7-12 bulan yang dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling.Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik dengan conﬁ dence interval (CI) 95%.Hasil: Ada hubungan bermakna antara ASI eksklusif dengan perkembangan bayi dan antara berat badan lahir dan perkembangan bayi (p<0.05), namun tidak ditemukan hubungan antara metode persalingan, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan pendapatan keluarga dengan perkembangan bayi (p>0,05). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa berat badan lahir merupakan prediktor perkembangan bayi (OR=5,231).Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan bermakna antara ASI eksklusif dengan perkembangan bayi 7-12 bulan. Berat badan lahir merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan bayi 7-12 bulan.KATA KUNCI: ASI eksklusif, perkembangan bayi

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