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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 167   168   169   170   171 
Stability Analysis of Dam with Asphalt Core in Static and Pseudo-Static Conditions Krisnayanti, Denik Sri; Sir, Tri M. W.; Hangge, Elsy E.; Megonondo, Batara Doa; Klau, Ralno R.; Galla, Andrea Z.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-024

Abstract

Manikin Dam was constructed to address the issue of raw water shortage in Kupang Regency and Kupang City. However, there were challenges due to clay materials that did not meet the required specifications. Therefore, this study aimed to use asphalt core design as an alternative by analyzing the stability of the embankment body under both static and pseudo-static conditions. To achieve the aim, the Bishop method was applied using the GeoStudio SLOPE/W application, along with manual calculations. The results showed that the safety factor (SF) at the end of construction without seismic loads met the minimum value of 1.300. Under various water level conditions (FWL, NWL, LWL), SF consistently met the minimum required value of 1.500. Furthermore, the seismic analysis considered both operational base earthquakes (OBE) with a return period of 100 years and maximum design earthquakes (MDE), which had a return period of 5,000 years. Even under OBE and MDE seismic loading conditions, SF exceeded the minimum required value. This implied that the use of an asphalt core could be considered safe in terms of preventing potential landslides under both static and pseudo-static conditions. Based on this outcome, asphalt core became a practical alternative for future dam construction, particularly in areas where clay could be scarce or unstable for technical reasons.
Piles Pullout Enhancement Subjected to Inclined Loads Aljuboori, Wisam A.; Al-Saidi, Aamal A. H.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-09

Abstract

This study focuses on the experimental and numerical analysis of pullout resistance for a single pile subjected to inclined loads in sandy soil, both before and after improvement with asphalt enhancement. The sandy soil, characterized by low cohesion, poses significant challenges for foundation stability under vertical and inclined loading conditions. Pullout tests were conducted experimentally at angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° for both vertical and horizontal components of inclined loads using a custom-designed testing setup. Cutback asphalt was introduced as an improvement agent. The experimental results revealed a significant reduction in displacement up to 62% and an improvement in pullout resistance for the asphalt-treated soil up to 55% and 72% for vertical and horizontal load directions, respectively. PLAXIS software was validated through numerical modeling, which confirmed the improved load-displacement behavior and stress distribution. The asphalt enhancement demonstrated an improvement in pullout resistance, underscoring its effectiveness in creating a cohesive soil matrix that enhances load transmission and reduces void ratios. This research provides valuable insights into the load’s inclination and improvement with angle variations; the pullout capacity enhanced significantly with the inclination angle with vertical due to the formation of a bigger failure zone, thus offering practical solutions for improving the performance of pile-supported foundations in weak sandy soils under challenging inclined load conditions.
Performance of Auto Glass Powder-High Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Mortar Exposed to High Temperature Zaetang, Yuwadee; Wongkvanklom, Athika; Pangdaeng, Saengsuree; Hanjitsuwan, Sakonwan; Wongsa, Ampol; Sata, Vanchai; Chindaprasirt, Prinya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-010

Abstract

Waste glass enhances concrete sustainability by reducing virgin material use and recycling waste. In traditional concrete, it boosts strength through pozzolanic reactions, while in geopolymer concrete, it improves durability, insulation, and resistance to harsh conditions. This study investigated the viability of substituting auto glass powder (AGP) for high-calcium fly ash (FA) in geopolymer mortar formulations. AGP was utilized as a substitute for high-calcium FA at substitution levels ranging from 0% to 40% by weight. The study examined the physical properties, compressive strength, thermal insulation, and high-temperature performance of the geopolymer composites. The findings indicated that a higher AGP content corresponded with a reduced mortar flow, while increasing the proportion of AGP resulted in the diminished compressive strength of the geopolymer composites. Incorporating 10–20% AGP into the geopolymer mortar gave satisfactory compressive strengths (75–85%) compared to the reference mortar. Thermal conductivity testing indicated that AGP enhanced the thermal insulating properties of mortar. Notably, the compressive strength, after being exposed to 600–900°C, improved with the inclusion of the AGP. Based on XRD, the combeite crystalline phase was present in the mortars containing 20% and 40% AGP after being subjected to 900ºC. This phase contributed to the durability and stability of the material. Thus, it was confirmed that AGP not only served as a beneficial additive but also could play a crucial role in the thermal resilience of geopolymer systems.
Examining the Erosion Resistance of Cement-Bentonite Barriers: Effects of Confining Pressure and GGBS Content Walenna, Muhammad A.; Royal, Alexander; Jefferson, Ian; Ghataora, Gurmel; Harianto, Tri; Arsyad, Ardy; Hanami, Zarah A.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-08

Abstract

This study investigates the erosion resistance of cement-bentonite (CB) barriers, focusing on the role of varying levels of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) content and confining pressure, crucial for infrastructure such as dams and levees. Employing a bespoke modified triaxial erosion testing setup, the research assesses how different confining pressures, GGBS proportions, and curing periods impact the erosion resistance of CB materials under varying stress conditions. Results demonstrate that increasing GGBS proportions enhances erosion resistance by improving the CB matrix microstructure, while higher confining pressures generally increase resistance. However, combinations of high confining pressure and erosive force can lead to barrier material failure, with buckling failure occurring at elevated pressures (100 kPa and above), highlighting a trade-off between enhancing erosion resistance and maintaining structural stability. Extended curing periods allow for material strength development, enhancing stability, yet delayed erosion phases at higher confining pressures and longer curing durations suggest gradual crack formation, potentially leading to hydraulic fracturing. This underscores the need for meticulous design considerations regarding load conditions due to significant failure modes such as buckling. The findings emphasize that the strategic combination of GGBS content, confining pressure, and curing period is crucial in optimizing barrier performance, highlighting the importance of selecting optimal material formulations and operational parameters to maximize erosion resistance and ensure the longevity and safety of civil engineering structures.
Street Networks and Urban Sustainability by Quantifying Connectivity, Accessibility, and Walkability for Resilient Cities Al-Saaidy, Haider J. E.; Alobaydi, Dhirgham; Abdullah, Sally F. K.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-015

Abstract

Street networks are crucial in shaping the quality of urban life. Through their impact on mobility and social interaction, they play a critical role in shaping how people move around the city and determine the connectivity, accessibility, safety, and convenience of different areas. Thus, it is essential to develop a systematic understanding of street networks to create livable, sustainable, accessible, and equitable cities. The aim of this study is to analyze and develop the role of street networks in shaping urban mobility, connectivity, and accessibility, and thereby enhance sustainable urban living by creating people-centric cities. Quantitative techniques and measures are employed to examine urban structure metrics to understand both physical and spatial characteristics at micro and macro scales. Three primary parameters for the configuration of street patterns - grid pattern ratio (GPR), pedestrian route directness factor (PRD/PRF), and ped-shed (PS) and effective walking area (EWA) - are selected to compute the formational attributes of selected streets in Baghdad, Iraq. The evaluation employs different arithmetic methods linked with a Geographical Information System (GIS) to quantify and compare two examined areas, and the results reveal a contradiction in the spatial configuration of the sample street patterns. From these findings, the paper offers specific recommendations and urban design guidelines to improve the quality of similar urban areas. The paper concludes that in-depth knowledge of a street’s role in its urban context helps to optimize spatial configuration processes in the built environment.
Shear Behavior of Random Rockfill in Dam Construction via Large-Scale In-Situ Testing Sahadewa, Andhika; Hakim, Abi M.; Setyawan, Haris E.; Kamaruddin, Samira A.; Krisnanto, Sugeng
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-03

Abstract

Dam construction commonly demands a massive amount of random material. This material offers practical material collection, minimum environmental impact, and economical cost. Unfortunately, shear strength assessment of random material is difficult because of large particle presence. Regular laboratory tests cannot accommodate these large particles. Misevaluation of random material shear strength may induce disastrous collapse. A large-scale direct shear apparatus, with a 70 cm by 70 cm shear plane, was developed and proposed for testing random fill material in-situ. This manuscript presents an experimental study using this device in Rukoh Dam construction, Indonesia. Test results captured variations between normal stress and shear stress to determine shear strength parameter models. Volume changes during shearing were also observed. Random materials in Rukoh Dam could be categorized as random rock. This study was also compared to other relevant rockfill studies. The proposed method offers an impressive approach for assessing and verifying the shear strength of compacted random material as well as compaction quality on site. It can be used to decide if the ongoing design and compaction method have to be modified or continued. Since the proposed direct shear test is reliable, fast, simple, and inexpensive, it is strongly recommended for dam construction.
Stress Concentration Factors in Tubular T-Joint Braces Under Compressive Loads Using Artificial Neural Networks Rasul, Adnan; Karuppanan, Saravanan; Perumal, Veeradasan; Ovinis, Mark; Iqbal, Muhammad; Badshah, Saeed; Alam, Khurshid
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-013

Abstract

Stress concentration factors (SCFs) are often calculated using formulas based on experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). While maximum SCF could occur at any location along the brace axis of the tubular T-joint’s brace, only the SCFs at the crown and saddle points can be determined from the available formulae, which can result in imprecise fatigue life determination. The current study presents a methodology to determine the SCFs in T-joints using FEA and ANN. ANNs are more effective than conventional data-fitting techniques at modelling intricate phenomena. In this work, parametric equations to estimate the SCFs of the T-joint’s brace under compressive loading were developed. Utilizing parametric equations allows for rapid estimates of SCFs, in contrast to time-consuming FEA and expensive testing. The equations are based on an artificial neural network’s training weights and biases (ANN). 625 finite element simulations were performed on tubular T-joints with various dimensions under compressive loads to determine the SCFs at the brace of the T-joint. These SCFs were then used to train an ANN. The weights and biases of the ANN were subsequently used to derive equations for calculating SCFs based on dimensionless parameters. The equations can estimate the SCF of a T-joint brace with less than 7% error and a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.19.
Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Beams with HDPE Plastic Waste as Partial Fine Aggregates Replacement Nasruddin; Mushar, Pratiwi; Imriyanti; Zulkarnain
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-012

Abstract

This study is related to using HDPE plastic bag waste applied to building structural components, specifically concrete beams. An innovation utilizes HDPE plastic waste not in shredded form but by taking advantage of the rigid physical properties of HDPE plastic waste after it is burned, crushed, and sieved to the size of sand to be used as a partial replacement (substitution) for fine aggregate (sand). The type of research conducted is experimental quantitative research to determine the flexural capacity of concrete beams made from HDPE plastic bag waste as a partial replacement for fine aggregates using the normal flexural strength testing method with two-point loading. The test specimens prepared were concrete beams with dimensions of 15 × 15 cm cross-section and 65 cm in length, with varying amounts of HDPE plastic bag waste replacement: 0.00% (normal concrete), 0.50%, 0.70%, and 0.90% of the weight of the sand. The concrete beam specimens were cured using a wet curing method and tested at 14 and 28 days of age. The results showed that at 14 days, the concrete beam specimens with variations of 0.00%, 0.50%, 0.70%, and 0.90% achieved flexural strengths of 3.16, 3.35, 2.91, and 2.97 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, at 28 days, the specimens with variations of 0.00%, 0.50%, 0.70%, and 0.90% reached flexural strengths of 3.39, 3.95, 3.06, and 3.07 MPa, respectively. The highest flexural strength was achieved by the concrete beam specimen with a 0.50% substitution variation, both at 14 and 28 days, with values of 3.35 and 3.95 MPa, respectively, exceeding the flexural strength of the beam without HDPE plastic waste substitution (0.00%).
Effect of Axial Load on the Seismic Performance of Steel Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint Iranata, Data; Suswanto, Budi; Amalia, Aniendhita Rizki; Tajunnisa, Yuyun; Septiarsilia, Yanisfa
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-016

Abstract

Steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) provides numerous advantages, such as enhanced energy dissipation, ductility, stiffness, and strength, particularly in seismic performance. Several studies on the effect of axial loads on columns found that axial loads have an insignificant influence on column capacity, though they influence long-term performance. Beam-column joint elements are among the critical components that determine the seismic behavior of a structure. Inaccurate design of these joints can lead to fatal structural damage, potentially causing structural collapse. This study aimed to perform a numerical analysis of various joint configurations under cyclic and axial loads to identify models with the best seismic performance that consisted of four models using different SRC length parameters. The research used nonlinear finite element methods with the ABAQUS software, which enables detailed simulations of joint behavior, including predictions of failure mechanisms that are difficult to observe in experimental testing. The results of the analysis showed that the CS-02 model demonstrated the best seismic performance. Axial load increased the capacity in all models, improved energy dissipation in the RC model, slightly reduced dissipation in CS models, and caused different rotational behavior across models.
Axial Compression Behavior of Concrete-Encased CFST Columns Abdulkhudhur, Raad; Elwi, Mohammed; Al-Quraishi, Hussein
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-06-05

Abstract

Composite construction known as concrete-encased CFST is an outer covering of concrete surrounding a steel tube filled with concrete. It is employed as a structural member in multi-story buildings, large structures, bridges, and underground subway systems. Most of the literature deals with steel tubes filled with core concrete or concrete-encased steel tubes filled with core concrete with main reinforcement, but in the present study, CFST is used as conventional reinforcement. Therefore, five concrete-encased CFST columns and one normal reinforced concrete column were loaded axially. Variables were effects of CFST, percentage of steel tubes, outer concrete compressive strength, compressive strength of steel tube concrete, and ratio of unfilled steel tubes. The experimental test result of the reference concrete-encased CFST ultimate axial compression strength showed 65.1% strength of a conventional column. An increase in the ratio of CFST from 6.8% to 10.2% enhanced ultimate axial compression by 19.2% compared to the reference concrete-encased CFST column. Furthermore, a rise in the outer compression strength of the outer concrete from 15 MPa to 20 MPa resulted in an increase of 14.94% in ultimate axially compression loads. An increase of concrete compression strength within the steel tubes from 35 MPa to 45 MPa resulted in a slight increase of 0.62% in the ultimate load. The 16.8% reduction in the ultimate load, however, was due to the presence of a hollow steel tube inside the concrete-filled CFST. The validated finite element model was therefore employed to examine the effect of different parameters that affect the concrete column using a parametric study.

Page 169 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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