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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 181   182   183   184   185 
Experimental Study on Electrochemical Corrosion Law of Rebar Under Alternating Magnetic Field Yang, Jianyu; Ye, Xin; Yang, Weijun
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-01

Abstract

The alternating magnetic field (MF) environment of coastal substations and magnetic levitation systems generates strong electromagnetic interference, which may affect the corrosion behavior of rebars in concrete structures. To clarify the influence law of rebar corrosion when exposed to an alternating MF, an alternating MF simulation test device was designed and manufactured according to the principle of alternating electromagnetic induction. The macroscopic corrosion morphology and electrochemical corrosion characteristics of rebars under alternating MF of different intensities were investigated by accelerated corrosion tests, electrochemical tests and natural corrosion electrochemical tests. The corrosion behavior mechanism of rebars under alternating MF was revealed. The results show that: 1) The diffusion rate and concentration of corrosion products in the solution are proportional to the magnetic induction strength. The alternating MF accelerates rebar corrosion. 2) The Ecorr of rebar shifts negatively with the magnetic induction strength increases, with a more pronounced shift in the early stage of corrosion than in the later stage. 3) Under the natural corrosion state, the 5 mT MF makes the open circuit potential (OCP) shift 12 mV negatively compared with that without MF. When the potential reaches 8mV, the passivation film begins to be destroyed. 4) The R1 of rebar is inversely proportional to the magnetic induction strength.
Clay Crack Initiation and Propagation Resistance Mechanism Using Municipal Solid Waste Mughieda , Omer; Kheloufi, Saadi; Namdar, Abdoullah; Shahin, Mohamed; Alzaylaie , Marwan
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-11-07

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of black seed flour (Nigella sativa) as an additive to enhance the crack resistance of clay-based landfill liners, aiming to mitigate gas transfer and leachate formation in landfill environments. Two distinct clay types were mixed with varying proportions of black seed flour (10%, 20%, and 30% by weight). The crack propagation resistance was assessed through desiccation tests over short (24 hours) and medium (72 hours) durations. Parameters such as crack morphology, fracture toughness, and crack propagation time were analyzed using image analysis and mechanical testing. The addition of black seed flour significantly influenced the crack morphology and propagation characteristics. Clay type 2 exhibited optimal fracture toughness at 10% and 30% black seed flour concentrations. The presence of black seed flour delayed crack initiation and reduced crack width, indicating improved crack resistance. Comparative analysis with existing literature suggests that the incorporation of natural additives like black seed flour can enhance the structural integrity of landfill liners. This research introduces black seed flour as a sustainable, cost-effective additive to improve the mechanical properties of clay-based landfill liners. The study provides new insights into utilizing natural materials for environmental engineering applications, contributing to the development of more resilient and eco-friendly landfill liner systems.
Enhancing AA6061–Bottom Ash Composites: Role of Heat Treatment on Properties and Dimensional Stability Seputro, Harjo; Bintoro, Sefrian R.; Ariawan, Dody; Surojo, Eko; Triyono
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-11-023

Abstract

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with industrial by-products have attracted attention as lightweight, sustainable materials, yet most research has focused on fly ash. The higher density of bottom ash compared to fly ash makes bottom ash suitable for use as reinforcement in AMC. This study investigates the combined effect of BA reinforcement (0, 3, and 6 wt%) and T6 heat treatment (aging at 175, 200, and 225 °C) on the microstructure, mechanical performance, thermal expansion, and dimensional stability of AA6061 composites. Mechanical testing, thermomechanical analysis (TMA), and coordinate measuring machine (CMM) evaluations were conducted to establish correlations between microstructure and macroscopic reliability. The results show that aging plays a decisive role in strengthening and stabilizing the alloy. The unreinforced AA6061 achieved peak hardness (69.43 BHN) and tensile strength (274.60 MPa) at 200 °C, but exhibited the largest distortion due to high thermal expansion. BA addition significantly reduced the mean coefficient of thermal expansion, with the 3 wt% BA composite aged at 200 °C demonstrating the most balanced behavior: stable CTE response, minimal distortion (0.1–0.4 mm²), and improved mechanical reliability. In contrast, 6 wt% BA composites, despite their lowest mean CTE (≈25 ppm/K), suffered from local instabilities due to particle agglomeration and porosity, leading to reduced toughness and higher geometric irregularities. Overall, this work highlights the novelty of employing BA as a sustainable reinforcement distinct from fly ash, showing that moderate BA addition coupled with optimized heat treatment can enhance dimensional stability and mechanical performance. The findings provide new insights into the design of cost-effective, environmentally friendly AMCs for structural applications.
A Model for the Reduction of Flood Peak Discharge (ΔQp) Due to the Retarding Basin Yuwono, Hari; Limantara, Lily M.; Sholichin, Moh.; Siswoyo, Hari
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-012

Abstract

This research aims to develop a model for flood peak discharge reduction (ΔQp) through the placement of retarding basins within a watershed system, represented by the area ratio of the controlled watershed (RAk) and the maximum storage capacity of the retarding basin (Vk). The area ratio of the controlled watershed (RAk) is defined as the ratio between the catchment area of the retarding basin and the total watershed area (Ak/A). The methodology involves simulating various retarding basin placements (RAk) and different maximum storage capacities (Vk) for several flood return periods (QT). This study was conducted in the urban agglomeration area of Wonosari, Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The placement and utilization of retarding basins result in varying levels of flood peak discharge reduction (ΔQp) at the downstream control point (Taman Pancuran), depending on the maximum storage capacity of the retarding basin (Vk) and its placement within the watershed (RAk). The resulting empirical equations for flood peak discharge reduction (ΔQp) using the retarding basin method are as follows: ΔQp = 0.105654 − 0.014593 Vk − 0.029251 RAk + 0.011089 QT for Vk values in the range (V1–V4) = 36.4–208.8 × 10³ m³, and ΔQp = 1.374989 − 0.003702 Vk − 0.338381 RAk + 0.004773 QT for Vk values in the range (V4–V200) = 136.2–7039.1 × 10³ m³. An observed anomaly was identified, where ΔQp became positive at small values of Vk and RAk, indicating an increase in peak discharge (Qp).
Strength Characteristics and Material Design of Recycled Flexible Pavement Materials Bubpi, Attaphol; Arngbunta, Anukun; Amornpinyo, Prach; Sirisriphet, Yongyuth; Tho-In, Tawatchai; Srichandum, Sakchai; Srirueng, Preechawut; Kampala, Apichit; Posi, Patcharapol; Chindaprasirt, Prinya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-021

Abstract

This study develops a strength-based mix-design framework for rehabilitating flexible pavements using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) blended with crushed rock (CR) and cement. Objectives were to quantify 7-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) as a function of mixture variables and to provide field-ready proportioning equations. Methods comprised laboratory testing of RAP–CR blends (RAP = 0–100%) with 2–5% cement, Modified Proctor compaction, and 7-day UCS; regression related UCS to a modified parameter (w/c)(1−k·AS), where asphalt content (AS) is obtained from AS = 0.04·RAP. Findings show that increasing RAP lowers dry density (2.31→2.11 g/cm³) and raises optimum moisture (5.03→7.17%). The 7-day prediction is qᵤ,7 = 23.44/[(w/c)(1−0.22·AS)]0.677 (R² = 0.863). A worked example (4-cm asphalt over a 20-cm base; 20-cm milling) gives RAP = 20%, AS = 0.80, recommended w/c = 1.31, and cement = 4.03% at OMC = 5.28% and dry density = 2.276 g/cm³, satisfying 1.72 MPa (17.5 kg/cm²) at 7 days. Novelty/Improvement: the framework consolidates RAP content and binder effects into a single modified w/c parameter, enabling rapid, transparent proportioning for construction control. Broader impacts include reduced demand for virgin aggregate and haul-off of demolition debris, fewer truck movements and landfill burdens, and potential life-cycle cost savings in network-level rehabilitation.
Measurement Invariance of Expectations Toward Sustainable Public Transport Service Quality Among Urban and Rural Older Adults Chantaratang, Anon; Chonsalasin, Dissakoon; Wisutwattanasak, Panuwat; Watcharamaisakul, Fareeda; Champahom, Thanapong; Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs; Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-016

Abstract

This study examines measurement invariance of expectations toward sustainable public transport service quality between urban and rural older adults in Thailand. Using second-order confirmatory factor analysis, data were collected from 1,189 elderly respondents across Thailand's four major regions through face-to-face interviews. The measurement framework incorporated eleven service quality dimensions: nine traditional attributes (Vehicle, Bus Stop, Accessibility, Convenience, Information, Staff, Safety and Security, Reliability, and Affordability) and two extended dimensions (Older's Facilities and Post-Pandemic Prevention). Results demonstrated successful measurement invariance, confirming that the eleven-factor structure operates equivalently across urban and rural contexts. Universal priorities emerged for Convenience, Staff quality, and Reliability, while rural elderly showed elevated importance for Safety and Security. The validation of Older's Facilities and Post-Pandemic Prevention as distinct dimensions establishes empirical support for incorporating age-inclusive design and health protection measures as permanent components of sustainable transport planning, justifying unified national standards while accommodating regional variations for Thailand's aging population.
Combined Effect of Basalt Fibers and Bentonite Clay on Complex Mortar Properties Karamyan, Hasmik; Avagyan, Mariam; Shainova, Roza; Sahakyan, Anush; Baghdagyulyan, Armine; Tepanosyan, Gevorg; Poghosyan, Zhenya; Aperyan, Araksya; Melikyan, Yeghvard; Badalyan , Maria
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-05

Abstract

This study examined the effects of basalt microfibers and amorphous-structured bentonite clay on the properties of complex mortar mixtures composed of cement and quicklime, utilizing locally sourced raw materials. Bentonite clay was subjected to thermal treatments at 400, 600, and 1000°C, and a technogenic pozzolanic additive was incorporated to investigate its influence on mortar performance. Optimal results were observed for the clay treated at 600°C, which was subsequently used in the mortar formulations. The primary objective was to assess the effects of varying basalt microfiber dosages (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) and thermally treated bentonite clay concentrations (5%, 15%, and 25%) on the chemical composition, physico-mechanical properties, and structural development of the resulting multi-component systems. Advanced analytical techniques, including SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR, XRF, DLS, and thermochemical analyses (TG/DTG, TG/DSC, and TG/MS), were used to evaluate the mineralogical composition, particle size distribution, microstructure, and thermal behavior. The findings show that the combined use of basalt microfibers and thermally treated bentonite clay significantly enhanced the mechanical strength and structural formation of the mortars. This study provides novel insights into the synergistic effects of these components, offering a promising approach for enhancing mortar performance using locally sourced materials.
Assessment of Sulfur Dioxide Levels in Atmospheric Air Over the Period 2019–2024 Drygval, Anna; Drygval, Polina; Tabunshchik , Vladimir
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-11-016

Abstract

This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution and dynamics of atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO₂) over the Crimean Peninsula during the period 2019–2024, employing protected natural areas as background reference sites for air quality assessment. The primary objective is to determine the variability in SO₂ concentrations in the atmosphere over Crimea. Methodologically, the study involves selecting background sites across diverse landscape levels throughout the peninsula, and applying Z-analysis to categorize ambient air pollution into four levels: conditionally low, average, elevated, and high. The analysis encompasses annual mean SO₂ levels, assessment of temporal trends, and localization of pollution hotspots. Results indicate a peak in SO₂ levels in 2020, predominantly at mid-mountain landscape level, and a minimum in 2019. Overall, a decreasing trend of 25.4 µmol/m² per year in SO₂ concentrations is observed, despite localized zones of high pollution, including areas northeast of the regional center, Simferopol. In 2022, the low-mountain landscape level of the northern macroslope exhibited the most extensive conditionally high pollution zone, covering nearly half of its territory. The novelty of this work lies in integrating protected natural areas as reference sites within the Z-analysis framework, enabling more precise identification of anthropogenic influences and the spatial distribution patterns of sulfur dioxide concentrations in the region’s atmosphere.
Performance Evaluation of Semi-Precast Reinforced Concrete Slabs Under Flexural Load Elbialy, Samy; Youssef , Doaa; Edris, Walid F.; Ghanem, Gouda; Ibrahim, Wael
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-12-07

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the flexural performance of semi-precast reinforced concrete slabs incorporating steel lattice girders as internal reinforcement. The objective is to investigate the influence of geometric and material parameters such as precast slab thickness, lattice girder height, top chord diameter, concrete compressive strength, and the addition of steel or glass fibers on overall flexural capacity and deformation behavior. Thus, previous studies have shown that replacing conventional cast-in-situ slabs with semi-precast systems can reduce total construction costs by 43–70%. Thirteen semi-precast slabs and one control slab were tested under four-point bending, and a nonlinear finite element model was developed in ABAQUS to simulate the experimental response. The analysis focused on load–deflection behavior, strain distribution, and failure modes. Results indicated that increasing slab thickness and chord diameter enhanced stiffness and load-bearing capacity, while higher concrete strength and fiber reinforcement improved crack control and reduced deflection. The FEM model demonstrated strong agreement with experimental results, validating its reliability for predicting structural performance. This study extends previous research by integrating a broad experimental parameter range with a validated ABAQUS finite element model, providing new insights into the structural optimization and cost efficiency of semi-precast slab systems. The proposed semi-precast system exhibited ductile behavior and achieved savings in formwork and labor cost compared with conventional flat slabs, offering a practical and sustainable alternative for efficient concrete construction.
Agile Project Management for Sustainable Construction: A Systematic and Thematic Literature Review Zamil, Ahmad M.; Alhusban, Mohammad
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-11-024

Abstract

This study aims to explore the implementation of Agile Project Management (APM) in Sustainable Construction Projects (SCPs) to identify thematic trends, challenges, and enablers shaping agile adoption in the construction industry. The objective of this review is to determine how agile principles improve collaboration, adaptability, and sustainability outcomes. A systematic review of 104 scholarly articles published between 2006 and 2025 was performed using the PRISMA protocol to ensure rigour and transparency. Thematic analysis was conducted with NVivo and ATLAS.ti to code, visualise, and validate evolving patterns across the literature. The analysis revealed five major themes: iterative planning, responsiveness to change, stakeholder collaboration, digital facilitation, and sustainability integration. These results reveal that agile principles significantly contribute to sustainable construction by improving adaptability, decision-making, and communication processes, in spite of barriers such as organisational resistance and policy constraints. The integrative use of NVivo and ATLAS.ti improved depth and methodological reliability through cross-validation of themes. The novelty of this review lies in its dual-software thematic framework and its demonstration of how agile practices can transform sustainability-orientated construction management. It provides methodological and practical insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to embed agility in sustainable development goals.

Page 184 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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