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Ajuk Sapar
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University Jl. Prof. Dr. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Published by Universitas Tanjungpura
ISSN : 26208571     EISSN : 2620858X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IJoPAC) was first established in 2018 as a scientific journal that accommodates researchers and education practitioners to publish scientific work and research results which are the results of experiments or literature studies in the field of chemistry. Publications are carried out periodically with three issues (January-April, May-August, September-December) in one volume per year. Published scientific work can be in the form of original articles, short communications and review results covering the fields of Physical chemistry, Organic chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Inorganic chemistry, Biochemistry / Biological Chemistry, Applied Chemistry. Focus and Scope of Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry covering the fields : Physical chemistry Organic chemistry Analytical chemistry Inorganic chemistry Biochemistry/Biological Chemistry Applied Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 132 Documents
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MODIFIKASI NANOPARTIKEL PERAK DENGAN ASAM p-HIDROKSIBENZOAT DAN GLISIN UNTUK DETEKSI KOLORIMETRI ION Ni²⁺ Sari, Gladis Raspida; Gusrizal, Gusrizal; Ardiningsih, Puji
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v8i3.78551

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known for their unique physicochemical properties and have been widely applied in sensing technologies, particularly as colorimetric sensors for metal ions. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized using p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which functioned as both a reducing and capping agent to ensure controlled particle growth and stability. The aim was to develop a simple and sensitive method for detecting Ni²⁺ ions using these AgNPs, with glycine added as a ligand to enhance the sensing performance. The detection was based on observable color changes and absorbance shifts in the UV-Vis spectrum resulting from interaction between AgNPs and Ni²⁺ ions. The results showed that the presence of glycine significantly enhanced the AgNPs’ response to Ni²⁺, indicating a synergistic effect that improved detection sensitivity. The method demonstrated good linearity, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.993. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 3.0 × 10⁻⁴ M, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 9.9 × 10⁻⁴ M. Precision analysis showed that the percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) was within acceptable limits, remaining below two-thirds of the coefficient of variation (%CV) defined by the Horwitz equation. These findings confirm that the modified AgNP-based system is both reliable and effective for the colorimetric detection of Ni²⁺ ions in solution.
IMPACT OF CLARIFYING AGENTS ON THE OPTICAL CLARITY OF PIGMENTED POLYPROPYLENE RESIN: A COMPLIANCE AND MIGRATION STUDY Wulansari, Isma; Azhari, Mohamad Yusuf
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v8i3.94546

Abstract

Efforts to improve visual clarity and color stability in polypropylene (PP)-based products are carried out by adding clarifying agents, namely a sorbitol-based clarifying agent (PA) and a dibenzylidene sorbitol clarifying agent (NX), which function to accelerate crystal nucleation in within the polymer matrix. PP is widely used for packaging and automotive applications due to its clarity and transparency. This study was conducted to examine compliance and migration studies, assessing the suitability of the additives against quality standards and their migration stability. Migration tests were conducted visually using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets at 55°C, with a 16-hour heating process. Additionally, a complaint analysis based on a digital prototype form was developed to identify the root causes of customer complaints related to color inconsistency, using the 4M approach (Man, Material, Machine, Method). The formulation includes dye pigments (small in size and easily migratable), organic pigments (more stable), and polyethylene wax as an internal lubricant. The results showed that 6 out of 7 samples with dye pigments experienced color migration (intensity 1–2), while organic pigments showed no migration (intensity 0). Clarifying agent improved clarity but failed to prevent pigment migration. Findings suggest that future research should focus on optimizing clarifying agents and additives to enhance pigment stability and durability.
SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN PAKIS (Stenochlaena sp.) SEBAGAI BIOREDUKTOR Yuniarsih, Dwi; Gusrizal, Gusrizal; Alimuddin, Andi Hairil
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v8i3.86094

Abstract

The use of biological reductants has been identified as a more environmentally friendly approach in nanoparticle synthesis than the use of chemical reductants, which can produce hazardous waste. The aims of this study were synthesize silver nanoparticles using fern leaf extract (Stenochlaena sp.) as a bioreductor and stabilizing/protecting agent, as well as to test the stability of the resulting silver nanoparticles and perform characterization. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles involves the reaction of a silver nitrate solution with a fern leaf extract solution in boiling water. Stability of the silver nanoparticles as observed over a period of one month indicated a decline in stability. FTIR spectrum analysis demonstrated indicating a direct involvement of the extract in the reduction process as well as the presence of Ag-O bonds in the FTIR spectrum of silver nanoparticles. TEM analysis revealed that the size of the silver nanoparticles ranged from 3 to 16 nanometers, with a relatively spherical morphology. PSA demonstrated that the silver nanoparticles had a zeta potential value of +12.7 mV. This study offers insight into the potential of fern leaf extract as a bioreductor in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the physical chemical characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles.
KARAKTERISASI BIODEGRADABLE FOAM DARI LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN METODE BIOKATALIS Kurniawan, Dodi; Rezki, Amelia Sri; Wulandari, Yeni Ria; Variyana, Yeni; Silmi, Fadian Farisan
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v8i3.98603

Abstract

Biodegradable foam made from natural starch offers a sustainable alternative to Styrofoam, which is lightweight, low-cost, but challenging to degrade and harmful to the environment. The purpose of this study is to utilize cassava peel waste, which contains starch, as a raw material for producing biodegradable foam using a biocatalyst method approach, thereby reducing the presence of cyanide acid in cassava peel waste. Aside from that, Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) is used as a filler to strengthen the structure of biodegradable foam with mass variations of 4, 6, and 8 g. The characteristic cassava peel flour results showed that the biocatalyst method, achieved through fermentation, can reduce cyanide acid levels in cassava peel flour. Then, a biodegradable foam with the best characteristics was produced by adding 6 g of CMC, resulting in a thickness of 1.9 mm, a water absorption capacity of 17.45%, a tensile strength of 3.13 MPa, and a biodegradation level of 100%. The resulting biodegradable material exhibits a tensile strength that exceeds that of Styrofoam and can disintegrate completely in the soil.
APLIKASI MICROFLUIDIC PAPER-BASED ANALYTICAL DEVICES (µPADS) BERBASIS PENCETAKAN LILIN DALAM KIMIA ANALITIK: A MINI REVIEW Allfira, Elisse Nur; Masriani, Masriani; Budi, Firman Shantya
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.99835

Abstract

Wax-printed microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) represent a significant innovation in analytical chemistry by providing a low-cost, portable, and user-friendly platform for chemical analysis. This article presents a systematic literature review of the applications of wax-printed µPADs for the detection of various inorganic and organic analytes across diverse sample matrices, including water, food, and biological fluids. The most commonly employed detection methods are colorimetric and distance-based techniques, while fluorometry and electrochemistry have also been applied to enhance sensitivity. The main advantages of these devices include simple fabrication, short analysis time, and low reagent consumption. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including device stability, limited detection limits, and the need for integration with digital readout systems. Overall, wax-printed µPADs hold great potential as reliable platforms for modern chemical analysis, both for field applications and laboratory-based studies.
EFFECT OF SOLVENT TYPE ON THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF HYDROQUINONE Radhi, Mustafa Jassim
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.101044

Abstract

While hydroquinone (HQ) is a vital antioxidant, the precise mechanisms governing its activity—specifically HAT, SET-PT, and SPLET—and their dependencies on solvent environments remain a subject of debate. Standard implicit solvent models often fail to accurately predict these behaviors. In this study, the antioxidant mechanisms of hydroquinone in water, ethanol, and acetone were investigated using two computational approaches: a standard implicit model (PCM) and a hybrid explicit-implicit model. Results from the initial implicit model were found to be inconsistent with experimental observations, incorrectly identifying SET-PT as the dominant mechanism across all media and suggesting acetone as the most favorable solvent (∆G = 585.60 kJ/mol). However, the hybrid model, which accounts for direct solvent participation in proton transfer, revealed that the SPLET mechanism is the dominant pathway in protic solvents. The established order of antioxidant activity is: water (SPLET, 379.7 kJ/mol) > ethanol (SPLET, 479.4 kJ/mol) > acetone (SET-PT, 585.6 kJ/mol). These findings confirm that acetone is the optimal solvent for maintaining hydroquinone stability and underscore the critical necessity of employing hybrid models when simulating proton-coupled electron transfer reactions in protic environments.
EKSTRAKSI HIJAU SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DARI ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma cottoni) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT EUTEKTIK DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM SEDIAAN LOSION Prayitno, Dwi; Rahmalia, Winda; Adhitiyawarman, Adhitiyawarman; Sayekti, Endah
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.101282

Abstract

The need for environmentally responsible extraction techniques has driven the development of green alternatives to conventional organic solvents. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) offer a sustainable option due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, and simple preparation. In this study, a DES composed of glycine, glycerol, and water (1:11:15 molar ratio) was used as a green extraction medium to isolate bioactive compounds from the red algae (Eucheuma cottonii), providing an eco-friendly solution for efficient marine bioresource utilization. This final product offers a simplified process, as the resulting extract requires no further separation prior to application. The DES exhibited favourable physicochemical properties, including a pH of 5, density of 1300.14 kg/m³, viscosity of 0.0198 Pa·s, and a freezing point below 263.15 K. Phytochemical screening of the DES-based extract confirmed the presence of phenolic and terpenoid compounds. The extract was directly incorporated into sunscreen lotion formulations at concentrations ranging from 0 to 15% (w/w). All formulations showed good homogeneity, with the highest sun protection factor (SPF) value of 8.37 observed in the lotion containing 15% red algae extract. This research shows the success of extracting natural anti-UV ingredients in an environmentally friendly and efficient manner.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI KATALIS DAN KECEPATAN PENGADUKAN PADA SINTESIS BIODIESEL MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KO-PELARUT METIL ESTER Daryono, Elvianto Dwi; Dewi, Rini Kartika; Anggorowati, Dwi Ana
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.100312

Abstract

The transesterification process is hindered by the many processing steps required, and the results are often suboptimal. The interesterification process using a methyl ester co-solvent offers a solution to this issue. The methyl ester co-solvent accelerates the reaction and eliminates the need for a separation stage at the end of the process. This study aims to determine the effects of catalyst concentration and stirring speed on methyl ester yield in the interesterification of palm oil to biodiesel using a methyl ester co-solvent. A total of 250 g of oil was used, with an oil-to-methyl acetate molar ratio of 1:6. The reaction was carried out at 60 °C, using 15% co-solvent, a reaction time of 1 hour, KOH catalyst concentrations ranging from 0.25% to 1%, and stirring speeds between 600 and 1,000 rpm. The oil, methyl acetate, and catalyst were placed into a three-neck flask, and the reaction was conducted according to the specified operating conditions. Optimum conditions for palm oil interesterification were achieved with a KOH catalyst concentration of 0.5% and a stirring speed of 800 rpm, resulting in a crude yield of 93.1%, a methyl ester concentration of 43,654 mg/L, and an acid value of 0.42 mg KOH/g, meeting the requirements of SNI 7182:2015.
KARAKTERISASI DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SEDIAAN MINYAK HERBAL DARI VCO DENGAN BERBAGAI PERBANDINGAN BERAT REMPAH Andreas, Andreas; Wibowo, Muhamad Agus; Jayuska, Afghani
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.100435

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the phytochemical compounds and to evaluate the antioxidant activity and SPF value of an herbal oil preparation based on VCO, formulated with five spices: elephant ginger, galangal, lemongrass, Java turmeric, and bidara leaves. The herbal oil was prepared by heating for 60 minutes with varying spice weights (30–80 grams) in 300 mL of VCO. Phytochemical screening was conducted qualitatively to detect the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and steroids/terpenoids. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method, and the IC₅₀ value was determined through linear regression. The SPF value was calculated spectrophotometrically using the Mansur equation. Results showed that all formulations contained active phytochemical compounds. The formulation with 60 grams of spices exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 507.577 ppm, classified as weak) and an SPF value of 45.426 (ultra protection category). The addition of spices significantly enhanced the bioactive content and the effectiveness of VCO as a natural antioxidant and sunscreen agent.
EKSTRAKSI PEKTIN DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) SECARA ENZIMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM SELULASE
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v9i1.77731

Abstract

The utilization of banana peel waste for pectin extraction offers an alternative to reduce environmental waste while producing high-quality pectin that meets international standards at a minimal cost. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions (pH, enzyme concentration, temperature, and duration) for pectin extraction using cellulase enzymes and to characterize the resulting product. A factorial design method was employed. The optimum extraction conditions were determined using 0.05 g of cellulase at pH 5 and 50°C for 120 minutes, yielding a recovery of 10.40%. The extracted pectin is categorized as low-methoxyl pectin with a methoxyl content of 4.60% (below the 7.12% threshold). Characterization results showed an equivalent weight of 2.31 g, ash content of 2.03%, galacturonic acid content of 39.22%, and a degree of esterification of 66.58%.

Page 13 of 14 | Total Record : 132

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