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Bioma : Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Negeri Jakarta
ISSN : 01263552     EISSN : 25809032     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21009/bioma.v21i2
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bioma is a national peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from all area of biosciences fields such as biodiversity, biosystematics, ecology, physiology, behavior, genetics and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 144 Documents
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KONDISI, KEANEKARGAMAN DAN BENTUK PERTUMBUHAN KARANG DI PULAU KAYU ANGIN GENTENG, KEPULAUAN SERIBU Wijaya, Citra Kusuma; Komala, Ratna; Giyanto, Giyanto
Bioma Vol. 13 No. 2 (2017): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (988.271 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma13(2).7

Abstract

Research on coral reefs in Pulau Kayu Angin Genteng, Kepulauan Seribu, which was conducted several years ago, obtained the condition of coral reefs and the diversity was medium. Therefore, this study aims to determine the condition of coral reefs, diversity, and the composition of the latest corals that exist in the Kayu Angin Genteng Island. This research was conducted in February - March 2017. The method used descriptive and data retrieval technique with Underwater Photo Transect (UPT). The number of stations consists of 4 locations based on the direction of the wind (North, East, South and West). Each station made of 30 m long transects placed at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 m depth. In addition, environmental parameters measurements include temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, pH, light penetration and current velocity. Analysis of photo data using CPCe application. The results indicated that the condition of coral reefs in Kayu Angin Genteng Island belongs to enough category and the condition of water quality still supports coral life. The diversity index is included in the medium category. There are 11 growth forms, 17 family and 48 coral genus, based on the highest growth form composition represented by Acropora.
TOTAL KAROTENOID IKAN SUMATRA ALBINO (Puntius tetrazona) YANG DIBERI PAKAN TAMBAHAN TEPUNG KEPALA UDANG Tania, Novita; Sukarman, Sukarman; Permana, Asep; Supiyani, Atin
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (305.487 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(1).1

Abstract

ABSTRACTAlbino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) is a freshwater ornamental fish that has a attractive colors. Carotenoid sources should be added in the diet because fish can not synthesis carotenoids in their bodies. One source of natural carotenoids (astaxantin and cantaxantin) is shrimp head meal, whose use has not been studied in albino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona). The research was conducted from December 2016 until April 2017, at the Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias (BRBIH) Depok. The method used in this research is an experimental method, with Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The treatment in this research is TKU supplemental feeding (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%). The data taken are total carotenoid, were analyzed using One Way ANAVA at 95% confidence level and continued with Duncan test at α <0,05 with SPSS 17.0 program. The result of the research is the addition of the best TKU by 30% to improve the color quality, total carotenoids, and growth of albino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona). The highest increase in total carotenoids at the fins of 13.54 ± 0.24 ppm and on the skin was 7.54 ± 0.11 ppm. Keyword: Shrimp Head Meal, Carotenoid, Feed, Color Quality, Puntius tetrazona.
MULTIPLICATION AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF BANANA VARIANT CV. AMPYANG (Musa acuminata, AAA) PUTATIVE RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM WILT Indrayanti, Reni; Yanti, Fitri; Adisyahputra, Adisyahputra; Dinarti, D; Sudarsono, Sudarsono
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (393.564 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(1).3

Abstract

Abstract Plants resistance to Fusarium wilt can be developed by mutation breeding and in vitro selection techniques. The objectives of this research were to evaluated growth and development of banana plantlets cv. Ampyang (Musa acuminata, AAA) resistance to Fusarium wilt. The plant material used in this study was 9 (nine) code clones banana cv. Ampyang result from mutations induced by gamma irradiation (30, 45, and 50 Gy) and in vitro - in vivo selection, a collection of Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory Department of Biology UNJ. Plantlets multiplied for four months on Murashige and Skoog supplemented with2.25 mgL-1 Benzyl amino purine and 0.22 mgL-1 Thydiazuron and 0.175 mgL-1 Indole 3 acetyc-acid . Acclimatization and evaluation of plantlet growth and development in a greenhouse showed that percentage of survival rate of plantlet were ranging from 42.9 – 100%. There was phenotypic variation among those plantlet investigated in quantitative and qualitative character. Plantlet regenerated from clone A regenerated from gamma irradiation 30 Gy and after in vitro selection of Foc from isolate Medan showed significantly the highest number of leave and fresh weight. The less number of roots length and other phenotypic character were produced from clone B, D and F. All of the regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred into soil and they would be used to evaluate the existence of variants in a greenhouse. Keywords: phenotypic variation, induce mutation and in vitro selection, shoot multiplication, Foc isolates from Medan
VALIDASI QTL DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK PERBAIKAN SIFAT TOLERAN KERACUNAN Al PADA PADI (Oryza sativa L.) Yohana, Kesia; Adisyahputra, Adisyahputra; Trijatmiko, Kurniawan Rudi
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.682 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(1).5

Abstract

ABSTRAK Membuka lahan pertanian baru pada lahan marginal yang merupakan tanah asam adalah salah satu solusi dalam peningkatan produksi beras. Kendala yang dihadapi pada solusi tersebut adalah tanah asam mengandung alumunium terlarut yang dapat meracuni tanaman. Tindakan efektif agar padi tetap dapat diproduksi pada tanah asam adalah dengan penyilangan galur padi yang bersifat toleran yaitu Cabacu dengan padi bersifat peka yaitu IR64 sehingga menghasilkan populasi galur toleran Al. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk validasi Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) toleran Al pada galur padi hasil penyilangan Cabacu dengan IR64 pada generasi F7. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan menguji fenotipik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dan deskriptif dengan analisis data secara kualitatif menjelaskan hasil isolasi DNA. Data hasil pengamatan fenotipe diolah dengan program SPSS versi 16 untuk melihat sebaran data dan dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan Uji Shapiro-Wilk. Dilakuan juga uji T untuk melihat keterpautan fenotipe dan genotipe. Hasil penelitian yaitu analisis uji fenotipe menunjukan bawa data distribusi secara normal. Sedangkan analisis marka tunggal menunjukan bahwa sifat toleran alumunium terletak pada kromosom 1 (RM5) Kata kunci: padi, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), toleran alumunium
ISOLASI DAN UJI PATOGENITAS KAPANG PERUSAK PADA APEL MALANG (Malus sylvestris Mill.) PASCA PANEN Shabrina, Andisa; Sukmawati, Dalia; Hidayat, Iman
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(1).4

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji patogenitas kapang perusak pada buah apel bergejala busuk. Sampel buah apel busuk berasal dari Pasar Perumnas, Klender, Jakarta Timur. Isolasi dilakukan dengan teknik tanam langsung yang sebelumnya dilakukan proses sterilisasi permukaan kemudian ditanam di media PDA. Uji patogenitas berdasarkan Postulat Koch dengan cara kapang-kapang hasil isolasi diinfeksikan ke buah apel segar. Hasil isolasi sebanyak 18 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari buah apel bergejala busuk. Isolat kapang yang diperoleh memiliki koloni yang berbeda yaitu, koloni bersporulasi hijau granul, koloni bersporulasi koloni hitam granul, koloni bersporulasi abu-abu, dan koloni bermiselium abu-abu. Isolat dengan kode A1 dengan ciri memiliki sporulasi hitam merupakan isolat kapang paling perusak buah apel. Hal ini diketahui berdasarkan uji patogenitas yaitu nilai Keterjadian Penyakit (KP) sebesar 100% dan Keparahan Penyakit (KeP) sebesar 50%. Kata kunci: buah busuk, kapang pembusuk, Postulat koch
STRUKTUR VEGETASI RIPARIAN SUNGAI PESANGGRAHAN KELURAHAN LEBAK BULUS JAKARTA SELATAN Noer Sarifah Ainy; Wisnu Wardhana; Nisyawati Nisyawati
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (351.53 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(2).2

Abstract

Vegetasi riparian memiliki banyak peran penting, namun keberadaanya semakin berkurang akibat alih fungsi lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan struktur vegetasi riparian antara daerah binaan (Sangga Buana), daerah pemukiman dan daerah kebun campuran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Lebak Bulus, Jakarta Selatan, dari Maret 2011 sampai dengan September 2011. Sebanyak 12 plot digunakan untuk melihat struktur vegetasi riparian. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 81 spesies dari 39 famili. Nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi di daerah kebun campuran adalah Gigantochloa apus (91,3%), di daerah perumahan adalah Pinus merkusii (61,8%), dan di daerah binaan adalah Gigantochloa apus (98,2%). Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) menunjukkan sedang di daerah perumahan (H’=2,9), dan tinggi di daerah kebun campuran dan daerah binaan (H’=3,4). Nilai Indeks Kemerataan Jenis (E’) menunjukkan nilai sedang (0,6) di ketiga lokasi. Nilai Indeks Kesamaan Komunitas Sorensen menunjukkan rendah di daerah kebun campuran-perumahan (0,48) dan di daerah kebun campuran-binaan (0,39), namun nilainya agak tinggi di daerah perumahan-binaan (0,51). Profil vegetasi riparian ideal meiliki 3 zona. Hanya daerah binaan Sangga Buana yang memiliki zona ideal dengan lebar riparian mencapai100- 200 m. Daerah binaan memiliki jumlah spesies pohon terbanyak (21 jenis) dibanding kedua daerah penelitian lainnya (daerah perumahan 15 jenis dan daerah kebun campuran 13 jenis). Daerah binaan merupakan daerah riparian yang dapat dijadikan model untuk daerah konservasi riparian sungai dari segi lebar riparian dan spesies tumbuhannya.
AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR ALFA GLUKOSIDASE DARI AKTINOMISET ASAL PHYLLOPLANE KELOR (Moringa oleifera) Noor Andryan Ilsan; Siti Nurfajriah; Maulin Inggriani
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (356.257 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(2).1

Abstract

The exploration of alternative natural products is one of the important focus for researcher. Microbes are still the best source for searching the bioactive compounds. Actinomycetes are Gram Positive bacteria which have been known able to produce various of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobials and enzyme inhibitors. The aims of this study were to isolate Actinomycetes from Moringa oleifera phyllosphere also evaluate the antimicrobial and alpha glucosidase inhibitor activities. The result of molecular 16s rRNA gene identification showed FKU 1 isolate had closest related to Nocardia rhamnosiphila. FKU 1 isolate had antimicrobial activities against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, K. pneumonia ESBL, dan Vibrio sp. in vitro. FKU 1 also had alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity of 7.50 ± 1.59% at 0.01 µg mL-1 extract concentrations of compared to acarbose (control) of 8.41 ± 0.43%.
Physialis peruviana: BAHAN PANGAN DAN BIOAKTIVITASNYA Marina Silalahi
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.408 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(2).3

Abstract

Physialis peruviana by the Indonesian local community call is ciplukan, which originate from Colombia and Mexico. Local communities in Indonesia use of P. peruviana as fruit and traditional medicine, so its needs studies to explain nutritional value and bioactivity. This article was written based on a study of scientific articles published online or off line. Physialis peruviana is a source of potassium, provitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and several vitamin B-complexes. In traditional medicine, the P. Peruviana is used to cure chickenpox, anti-hypertension, cancer, leukemia, hepatitis, rheumatism, antispasmodics, diuretics, antiseptics, sedatives, and analgesics. Based on the biessay, the P. peruvina has activity as anti diabetes mellitus, antioxidant, anti cancer, and anti bacterial. Compounds of 4b-Hydroxywithanolide (4bHWE), withanolides, and physangulidines A-C from P. peruviana is compounds that have the activity of inhibiting cancer cell growth through apostosis.
TINJAUAN KHUSUS KOLEKSI TUMBUHAN BERUSIA TUA DI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS Muhamad Muhaimin; Muhammad Efendi
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (666.592 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(2).5

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is one of the oldest institutions in Indonesia to concern in ex-situ plant conservation and montane plant research. This institution was established since 1852, initiated by introduction of quinine plant (Cinchona calisaya) for the first time in Indonesia. After that, CBG has brought many species of plants to be conserved and then further studied. As an institution that has been established for more than 166 years, CBG have many plants collection that are old or more than 50 years old. However, a study that discuss about old plants collection from CBG has not been widely carried out, even though the study is very important for manage and develop of plant conservation in CBG. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a review about old plants collection in CBG, ranging from about composition of taxa, distribution of collection, habitat origin, conservation status, management collection, and potential development in the future. The results of this paper are expected to further increase the value of the plant collection in CBG and provide guidance for administrator and all stakeholders to develop various potential found in CBG’s plant collection, especially from old plants collection. Keywords: Cibodas Botanical Garden, management collection, old plants collection, potential plants
STUDI EKOLOGI HABITAT, TEKNIK PERBANYAKAN DAN PENGOLEKSIAN DALAM RANGKA KONSERVASI EX-SITU ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxyllum acanthopodium DC.) Yati Nurlaeni; Decky Indrawan Junaedi
Bioma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (560.533 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma14(2).4

Abstract

Andaliman (Zanthoxyllum acanthopodium DC.) terkenal sebagai bumbu masak khas masyarakat suku Batak, Sumatera Utara. Tanaman ini tersebar alami di Indonesia hanya di bagian utara pulau Sumatera yaitu Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. Andaliman merupakan tanaman bernilai penting baik secara ekonomi, budaya, dan konservasi di Tapanuli Utara dan kawasan sekitar Danau Toba, Sumatera Utara. Tanaman ini dikenal sebagai tanaman yang sulit diperbanyak. Studi ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menginventarisasi sebaran Andaliman di kawasan alaminya dan kawasan pertanian di wilayah sekitar Danau Toba; (2) melakukan studi ekologi habitat Andaliman, termasuk data keragaman jenis pada soil seedbank pada habitat Andaliman; dan (3) mengumpulkan informasi teknik perbanyakan Andaliman dari petani Andaliman di kawasan sekitar Danau Toba. Studi sampling inventarisasi dilakukan di lima kabupaten di sekitar Danau Toba: Kabupaten Samosir, Kabupaten Tobasa (Toba-Samosir), Kabupaten Simalungun, Kabupaten Dairi, dan Kabupaten Kabanjahe. Andaliman secara umum di lima kabupaten ini ditemukan di ketinggian lebih dari 1000 m dpl, kawasan lereng dengan kemiringan relatif tinggi, tidak langsung terkena cahaya matahari dan atau terkena matahari langsung pada sebagian waktu. Sampel soil seed bank dari habitat Andaliman banyak mengandung biji dari Compositae, Melastomataceae, Lamiaceae, Solanaceae, dan Cannabaceae. Petani Andaliman di wilayah sekitar Danau Toba melakukan setidaknya tiga pendekatan untuk memperbanyak Andaliman. Pertama, Andaliman ditumbuhkan dengan cara membakar ladang atau lahan yang terdapat biji Andaliman yang sudah direndam air hangat sebelumnya. Pembakaran ladang/lahan akan memecah dormansi biji Andaliman. Kedua, Andaliman dibiarkan tumbuh alami setelah lahan dibersihkan untuk merangsang pertumbuhan soil seed bank Andaliman di tempat tersebut. Ketiga, Andaliman diperbanyak secara vegetatif dengan metode stek pucuk.

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