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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kerang Pisau (Solen sp.) dan Kerang Simping (Placuna placenta) Rochmawati, Ika; Ibrahim, Muslimin; Ambarwati, Reni
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 2 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3956

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kerang pisau dan kerang simping dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji berdasarkan zona jernih yang terbentuk dan menentukan jenis ekstrak kerang yang paling optimal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Kerang pisau yang diperoleh dari Pantai Talang Siring Madura dan kerang simping yang diperoleh dari Lamongan diekstrak dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi bertingkat dengan tiga pelarut,. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan delapan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu pemberian kontrol negatif (akuades), kontrol positif (kloramfenikol), ekstrak heksana, ekstrak etil asetat, ekstrak metanol kerang pisau serta ekstrak heksana, ekstrak etil asetat, ekstrak metanol kerang simping. Data yang diperoleh berupa diameter zona jernih, dianalisis dengan analisis varian satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil uji diketahui bahwa ekstrak etil asetat dan metanol kerang pisau serta ekstrak heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol kerang simping menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047 dan Escherichia coli FNCC 0091. Ekstrak etil asetat kerang pisau terbukti menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri paling baik, yaitu menunjukkan diameter zona jernih paling besar dibanding dengan ekstrak-ekstrak yang lain. Ekstrak etil asetat kerang pisau mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan membentuk zona jernih sebesar 32,10 0,17 mm, sedangkan pada bakteri Escherichia coli ekstrak etil asetat kerang pisau mampu menghambat pertumbuhannya dengan zona jernih yang terbentuk sebesar 32,06 1,07 mm.This research aimed to test the antibacterial activities of the extracts of razor clams and window-pane oyster and determine the extract that can inhibit the growth of tested bacteria optimally based on clear zones formed. Razor clams collected from Talang Siring Beach, Madura and window-pane oyster collected from Lamongan. They were extracted using multilevel extraction method using three organic solvents. Antibacterial activities assay were carried out using completely randomized design with eight treatments. All assays were conducted in triplicate. The treatments were negative control (aquades), positive control (100% of chloramphenicol in aquades), hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract of each razor clams and window-pane oyster. Diameters of inhibiton zone (clear zone) were analyzed using one way analysis of variance and followed by Duncans test. The results revealed that ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of razor clams as well as hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of window-pane oyster showed antibacterial activities. These mean they can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047 dan Escherichia coli FNCC 0091. Ethyl acetate extract of razor clams showed the highest antibacterial activity, the maximum zone of inhibition (32.10 0.17 mm) was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and the maximum zone of inhibition (32.06 1.07 mm) was observed against Escherichia coli.
Aktivitas Enzim Nitrat Reduktase Kedelai Kultivar Burangrang akibat Variasi Kadar Air Tanah pada Awal Pengisian Polong Fitriana, Junica; Pukan, Krispinus Kedati; Herlina, Lina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.36

Abstract

An experiment has been conducted from February 2008 to April 2008. The objective of this research was to analize the influence of a variety of water levels to the activity of nitrate reductase enzyme (NRA) and the production of soybean (Glycine max) var. Burangrang, and to analize the correlations between the NRA and the production. Cultivar Burangrang was the main subject of the experiment. The application of the treatment was followed by the complete random design consisting of one factor with three replicates. The factor was the water levels of field capacity, 90%, 70%, 50%, 30%, and 10% of the field capacity. Every replicate consisted of 8 treatment units, and thus the whole of treatment units were 144. The water level treatment was given once per day. NRA is calculated based on the amount of nitrite produced from an assay. Nitrate was reacted using 1% sulfanilamide in 3N HCL and 0.02% napthylethylendiamide. The color was then determined using spectrophotometer at 540 nm. The result of the research indicated that the administration of water at 90% of field capacity resulted in the highest average of NRA due to good water efficiency. The best average of water efficiency for production was obtained from the variety of water quality of 70%. So it can be concluded that variety of water quality had significant influence to NRA and production. NRA had positif correlation with production. Key words: activities nitrate reductase, soybean, water quality.
The Diversity of Arthropods Predator on Wild Plant of Rice Field with and without Pesticides Meidalima, Dewi; Kawaty, Ruarita Ramadhalina; Gunawan, Erlan B.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.5124

Abstract

Contaminated- agro ecosystem influences abundance and diversity of arthropods. The aims of this study were to analyze the diversity and abundance of pre-planting arthropod predators on wild plants in rice field with and without application of pesticides. The survey and direct observation of wild plants at the rice filed were conducted from January to March 2015, at 1 ha in Pemulutan and 1 ha in Musi 2 Palembang. Sampling of arthropod predator was conducted 8 times before the rice was grown, using insect nets. On the land without pesticide application was found 14 arthropod families which consists of 28 species and 15 families of wild plant consists of 25 species. On the land with pesticide application was found 8 arthropod families consists of 16 species and 15 wild plant families with 23 species. On the land without pesticide application was found High index of diversity (H=3.121) and low dominance (D=0.095), while on the land with pesticide application low index of diversity (H=2.602) and high dominance (D=0.171). It is the indicators of arthropods predator more varieties at the land without pesticide application compare to the land with pesticide application. This finding is very important for biological pest management in South Sumatra.
Blood Lipid Profile of Coturnix coturnix japonica Fed whith Organic Feed and Supplement Curcuma longa Aetin, Entin Nur; Saraswati, Tyas Rini; Isdadiyanto, Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11225

Abstract

Peoples concern about quail egg consumption has triggered the efforts to produce quail eggs with low cholesterol content by using organic feed. Organic feed is one type of feed rations made of mixing organic material. In this study, standard organic feed (rice bran, yellow corn, soybean, and fishmeal) and organic feed containing mackerel, cassava leaves, and turmeric powder was administere to female japanese quail. Organic feed containing mackerel, cassava leaves, and turmeric powder can affect the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) lipid profile. This research used experimental methods. Twenty-seven female Japanese quails were divided into 3 treatment groups (PO: commercial feed, P1: standard organic feed, P2: feed containing organic turmeric powder, cassava leaves, and mackerel) for 145 days with 9 repeat. Data obtained were in the form of average daily feed intake and blood lipid profiles of each treatment group. Further data analysis was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan test. The results showed that administration of organic feed containing mackerel, cassava leaves, and turmeric powder can reduce the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL but increase the HDL levels in Japanese quail. Supplementation of turmeric powder improve the chemical quality of Japanese quail eggs, so it is good for the development of quail embryos as well as for consumption. It can be concluded that organic feed and turmeric powder supplementation stabilize blood lipid profile and improve the reproduction of Japanese quail egg low cholesterol, so good for the development of embryo quail and for consumption.
The Effectiveness of Experimental Diet with Varying Levels of Papain on The Growth Performance, Survival Rate and Feed Utilization of Keureling Fish (Tor tambra) Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin; Afrido, Fardin; Murda, Tanzil; Fadli, Nur; Muhammadar, Abdullah A.; Jalil, Zulkarnain; Yulvizar, Cut
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.5777

Abstract

The objective of present study was to determine the optimum level of papain in the diet of keureling fish (Tor tambra). The complete random design was utilized in this study. Six levels of papain dosage were tested in triplicates, i.e. 0 (control); 17.5 mg kg-1, 20.0 mg kg-1, 22.5 mg kg-1, 25.0 mg kg-1 and 27.5 mg kg-1 of feed. The experimental fish were fed the experimental diet two times a day at 8 AM and 5 PM at feeding level of 5% body weight for 90 days. The Anova test result showed that papain enzyme gave a significant effect on the weight gain, daily growth rate, specific growth rate, survival rate, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency (P<0.05). The Duncan multi-rage test result showed that the higher values for all measured parameters were obtained at the dosage of 27.5 mg kg-1. Therefore, it is concluded that the optimum dosage of papain enzyme for keureling fish was 27.5 mg kg-1 of feed.How to CiteMuchlisin, Z. A., Afrido, F., Murda, T., Fadli, N., Muhammadar, A. A., Jalil, Z., & Yulvizar, C. (2016). The Effectiveness of Experimental Diet with Varying Levels of Papain on The Growth Performance, Survival Rate and Feed Utilization of Keureling Fish (Tor tambra). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 172-177.
Kajian Kualitatif Kemelimpahan Spesies Burung di Hutan Pegunungan Telaga Bodas, Garut, Jawa Barat Widodo, Wahyu
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i1.3533

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melengkapi list spesies burung-burung penetap di hutan pegunungan Jawa Barat dan mengkaji secara kualitatif kemelimpahan dari keragamannya di salah satu hulu DAS Citandui, yaitu di hutan Telaga Bodas, Garut, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan TSCs (Time Score Counts), yang dilakukan pada 25-29 April 2014. Sebanyak 51 spesies burung ditemukan di hutan Telaga Bodas. Diantaranya, sepuluh spesies memiliki rata-rata skor kemelimpahan tinggi, yaitu: Collocalia linchi (5.82), Halcyon cyanoventris (4), Pycnonotus aurigaster (3.73), Cacomantis merulinus (3.27), Zosterops palpebrosus (2.91), Orthotomus sutorius (2.82), Tesia superciliaris (2.63), Pycnonotus goiavier (2.55), Lanius schach (2.45) dan Lonchura leucogastroides (2.27). Hasil komparasi indeks kesamaan spesies burung di beberapa DAS Citandui menunjukkan nilai tertinggi terjadi antara komunitas burung di Telaga Bodas vs G. Sawal, yaitu IS=62.3%. Sementara itu, indeks kesamaan spesies burung di G. Telaga Bodas vs G. Geder terendah, yaitu IS=39.25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan hutan di wilayah hulu DAS Citandui sangat kaya dengan spesies burung, 35 dari 108 spesies burung hanya tersebar terbatas, endemik dan migran di hutan pegunungan Jawa Barat. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan kawasan hutan pegunungan di Jawa Barat diperlukan langkah bijak pemerintah untuk mencegah perambahan dan alih fungsi hutan menjadi lahan produksi oleh masyarakat, apabila tidak ingin kehilangan fungsinya.The purpose of this research was to compile the list of the resident bird species in the West Java mountain forests and to examine the abundance of their diversities qualitatively in the one of Citandui Riverine Basin, i.e. the Mts.Telaga Bodas forest, Garut, West Java Province. TSCs (Time Score Counts) method was used to record the birds abundance during 25 to 29 April, 2014. At least, 51 species of birds were recorded in the Telaga Bodas forests. There were 10 species of birds found more abundant qualitatively, namely: Collocalia linchi (5.82), Halcyon cyanoventris (4), Pycnonotus aurigaster (3.73), Cacomantis merulinus (3.27), Zosterops palpebrosus (2.91), Orthotomus sutorius (2.82), Tesia superciliaris (2.63), Pycnonotus goiavier (2.55), Lanius schach (2.45) andLonchura leucogastroides (2.27). According to the result of similarities index comparation, of birds species (SI), itknown that birds comunities in the Mt.Telaga Bodas vs Mt.Sawal were highest, i.e.. SI=62.3%, and then between Mt.Telaga Bodas vs G.Geder were lowest, i.e.SI=39.25%. The results also showed that the coverage forests in the above of Citandui Riverine Basin were still rich species of birds, and 35 of 108 list species of birds were restricted, endemic and migratory species in the West Java mountain forests. Therefore, a proper management of the West Java mountain forests is needed to prevents encroachment and conversion of forest to production by people, if the government doesnt want to lose its function.
Effect of Seed Maturity and Storage Duration on Germination of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Solikin, Solikin; Nurfadilah, Siti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.8782

Abstract

Seed maturity and its storage are one of problems on propagation and developing of medicinal plants such as sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) ex Nees). The research aimed to determine effects of seed maturity and storage duration on seed germination of sambiloto was conducted in a green house of Purwodadi Botanical Garden from November 2014 to November 2015. The experiment was done by completely randomised design with two treatments namely seed maturity and storage duration. The seed was classified into immature seed (0.061 g/100 seeds), semimature seed (0.113 g/100 seeds) and mature seed (0.166 g/100 seeds). The seeds storage duration was classified into seed was not stored, seed was stored for six months and seed was stored for twelve months. Each treatment combination was replicated five times. The results showed that there were significant interactions between the treatments on percentage and rate of seed germination. The highest percentage of seed germination was the treatment of mature seed and stored twelve months (98.50%). On the contrast, the lowest seed germination percentage was the treatment of immature seed and stored twelve months (4.25 %). The fastest seed germination rate was the treatment of mature seed and stored six months (3.88 days), whereas the slowest seed germination rate was the treatment of immature seed and without stored (28.58 days). This study is expected to be applied to improve genetic and cultivation of medicinal plant as well as increasing plant growth and yield.
Efficacy Test on Some Entomopathogenic Bacterial Isolates of the Periplaneta americana and Blatella germanica Cockroaches (Orthoptera) at Laboratory Scale Zulfiana, Deni; Rini, Monaliza Sekar; Wikantyoso, Bramantyo; Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.12934

Abstract

Cockroach is one of insects which plays a role as a disease vector, causing negative impacts to human health. Controlling cockroach by using excessive insecticide adds residue to the environment and strengthens its resistance toward insecticides. The objective of this research was to implement and evaluate the alternative use of biological control agent, such as entomopathogenic bacteria against two types of cockroach. In this study, three entomopathogenic bacterial isolates derived from dead Spodoptera litura pupa and Bacillus thuringiensis were employed. The test was performed by administering spraying and baiting methods at cell concentration of 108 CFU/ml. The results showed that three entomopathogenic bacterial isolates used in this study affected cockroach mortality. The result of morphological observation and Postulate Koch test showed that cockroach mortality was caused by the bacterial isolates. The spraying method on BLSP4 bacterial isolate contributed to the highest mortality rate by 80% to the Blatella germanica. Meanwhile, in the baiting method, the isolate of B. thuringiensis caused the highest mortality to the Periplaneta americana by 10%. Based on the mortality period, it can be recognized that BLSP4 treatment with spraying method affected the mortality of B. germanica effectively within 2 hours 30 minutes 46 seconds. An important finding in this study was that BLSP4 bacteria has been known potential for controlling cockroach using spraying method. The result of this study provides insights that BLSP4 bacteria can be used as a new alternative for controlling cockroach and generally in pest management.
Analisis Keanekaragaman Genetika dan Diferensiasi Jati Jawa dan Madura Berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit Untuk Mendukung Fingerprinting Jati Millah, Mun Isyatul; Habibah, Noor Aini; Suwarni, Endah; Rertoningsih, Amin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3929

Abstract

Fingerprinting jati diperlukan untuk melengkapi data base konservasi plasma nutfah jati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi keanekaragaman genetika pohon jati berdasarkan marka mikrosatelit dan mengidentifikasi alel spesifik pada lokus tertentu yang dapat menjadi penciri khas jati populasi Jawa dan Madura. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi karakteristik jati plus (fingerprinting) secara molekuler menggunakan penanda mikrosatelit. Sampel diambil dari koleksi jati plus di Kebun Benih Klonal (KBK) di Jawa dan dari lokal Areal Produksi Benih (APB) Madura. Sampel diisolasi menggunakan metode CTAB. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan 3 primer mikrosatelit dan hasilnya divisualisasi pada gel poliakrilamid dengan pewarnaan silver. Hubungan kekerabatan dianalisis melalui program NTSYSpc (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis Sistem) versi 2.01. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman jati yang tinggi, didukung oleh nilai Observed Heterozigosity (Ho), Expected Heterozygosity (He), Polimorfism Information Content (PIC) dan koefisien diferensiasi genetika berturut-turut 0.5122; 0.6221; 0.5818; dan 0.0629. Hubungan kekerabatan melalui analisis dendogram menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan 0.3-1.00. Nilai keanekaragaman dalam populasi (HS), antar populasi (DST), dan nilai diferensiasi (G) berturut-turut adalah 0.5817, 0.0391, dan 0.0629. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman jati di Jawa dan Madura termasuk tinggi dan ada indikasi perbedaan genetika di dalam populasi lebih tinggi dibanding antar populasi.Fingerprinting teak is required to complete the data base teak germplasm conservation. This research aimed to obtain information about the genetic diversity of teak based on microsatellite markers and identify specific allele at a particular locus can be distinctive identity identifier population of Java and Madura. In this research is to identify the characteristics of teak plus (fingerprinting) molecularly using microsatellite markers. Samples were taken from the collection of teak plus in Kebun Benih Klonal in Java and from Areal Produksi Benih Madura. Samples were isolated using the CTAB method. Amplification of DNA using microsatellite primer 3 and the results are visualized on a polyacrylamide gel by silver staining. Kinship analyzed through NTSYSpc program (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) version 2:01. The analysis showed a high level of diversity teak, supported by Heterozigosity Observed value (HO), Expected Heterozygosity (He), polymorphisms Information Content (PIC) and genetic differentiation coefficient 0.5122 respectively; 0.6221; 0.5818; and 0.0629. Kinship through analysis dendogram generate similarity coefficient 0.3-1.00. The value of diversity in the population (HS), between populations (DST), and the value of differentiation (G) respectively are 0.5817, 0.0391, and 0.0629. From the analysis concluded that the level of diversity of teak in Java and Madura are high, and there are indications of genetic differences in the population is higher than among the population.
KADAR VITAMIN DAN MINERAL DALAM BUAH SEGAR DAN MANISAN BASAH KARIKA DIENG (Carica pubescens Lenne&K.Koch) Rahayu, Enni Suwarsi; Pribadi, Putik
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2273

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium dalam buah segar dan manisan basah Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch (karika dieng) serta menentukan waktu perebusan optimal dalam proses pembuatan manisan karika yang tidak menurunkan kadar vitamin C secara signifikan. Kadar vitamin C dianalisis menggunakan titrasi yodium yacobs, kadar vitamin A diukur dengan spektronik-20, dan kadar mineral diukur dengan AAS. Data kadar vitamin dan mineral dianalisis menggunakan t-test, sedangkan waktu perebusan optimal dianalisis menggunakan Anava dan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium pada lima merk manisan karika lebih kecil dibandingkan dalam buah karika segar. Waktu perebusan optimal adalah 10 menit.The study was aimed to compare the levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and the minerals i.e. phosphorus, iron and calcium in sweet preserved and fresh fruit of Dieng mountain papaya Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch, and to determine the optimal boiling duration of the fruit in order to determine the preserved fruit processing technique. The level of vitamin C was analyzed using Jacobs iodine titration, the level of vitamin A was analyzed using Spectronic 20, and the minerals were analyzed using AAS. The data of the contents of vitamins and minerals in sweet preserved and fresh fruit were analyzed using t-test, whereas the data of the optimum boiling time was analyzed using Anova and a least significant difference test. The results showed that the levels of vitamin A and vitamin C and minerals P, Fe and Ca at 5 brands of sweet preserved carica were lower than in carica fresh fruit. The optimum boiling time was 10 minutes to obtain the high vitaim C content.

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