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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Diversity in Tuber Characteristics of Local Cultivars of Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) in Indonesia Krisnawati, Ayda; Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Adie, Mochammad Muchlish
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14272

Abstract

Yam bean is legume with tuberous root originated from the semiarid tropics of Central America, and has been widely spread in several regions in Indonesia. Research on characterization of tuber yam bean was conducted in Kendalpayak Research Station (Malang, Indonesia) from May to October 2016. A total of 73 local yam bean cultivars originated from eight provinces were characterized based on their tuber characteristics. The sensory evaluation was also conducted to evaluate the tuber sweetness, fiber intensity, and texture crunchiness. The average tuber weight was 455.2 g/plant, with the average tuber length and width were 10.78 cm and 8.17 cm, respectively. The ratio of tuber length and width was 1.42, indicates that yam bean tuber in Indonesia tend to be in spherical shape. The average tuber water content was 83.87% (wet basis), showed that the water content was quite high. Based on cluster analysis, 74 local cultivars of yam bean were grouped into five clusters. The tuber weight varied among cultivars and become the distinguishing factor between local cultivars. Local variety of yam beans in Indonesia tend to have sweet taste and crunchy texture. So far, the study on characterization of tuber diversity in Indonesian local cultivar of yam bean is still limited. Thus, these results provide important information to optimize the tuber yam utilization as industrial raw materials.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Virus Avian Influenza Subtipe H5N1 pada Unggas di Pasar Tradisional Semarang Ulum, Farikhul; Susanti, R.; Bintari, Siti Harnina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i2.3914

Abstract

Meningkatnya kasus infeksi virus Avian Influenza (AI) subtipe H5N1 atau lebih dikenal dengan flu burung yang menyebabkan kematian pada manusia sangat dikhawatirkan dapat menular dari manusia ke manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat virus Avian Influenza subtipe H5N1 pada unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Semarang. Sebanyak 55 sampel usap kloaka diambil dari unggas sehat dan belum divaksin di 6 pasar tradisional Kota Semarang. Inokulum ditumbuhkan pada telur ayam berembrio specific pathogen free (TAB-SPF) umur sembilan hari. Kemudian telur diinkubasikan selama 4 hari. Cairan alantois dipanen dan diuji kemampuannya mengaglutinasi sel darah merah. Cairan alantois yang menunjukkan aktivitas hemaglutinasi, selanjutnya diekstraksi RNA-nya dan diidentifikasi VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan metode Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan primer spesifik H5 dan primer N1. Kemudian DNA hasil RT-PCR dianalisis dengan teknik elektroforesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 isolat positif VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan sebaran 2 isolat dari sampel yang berasal dari pasar Mangkang, 1 isolat dari pasar Rejomulyo dan 1 isolat dari pasar Karimata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Kota Semarang ada yang terinfeksi VAI subtipe H5N1.The increasing cases of viral infection of Avian Influenza (AI) H5N1 subtype or more commonly known as bird flu that causes death in humans very feared to spread from human to human. The aim of this research was to obtain isolates of Avian Influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang. A total of 55 cloacal swab samples taken from healthy and unvaccinated fowl in the 6 traditional market in Semarang. Inoculum was grown in embryonated chicken eggs specific pathogen free (SPF TAB) nine days. Then the eggs were incubated for 4 days. Allantoic fluids were harvested and tested for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells. Allantoic fluid that showed hemagglutination activity, further their RNA was extracted and AIV subtype H5N1 identified with Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method using specific primers primary H5 and N1. Then the results of RT - PCR were analyzed by electrophoresis technique. The results showed that there are 4 positive isolates with the distribution of the H5N1 subtype AIV 2 isolates samples derived from market Mangkang, 1 isolate from market Rejomulyo and 1 isolate from market Karimata. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the fowl that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang there were AIV infected with subtype H5N1.
PERTUMBUHAN, VIABILITAS DAN PRODUKSI KOKON ULAT SUTERA YANG DIBERI PAKAN BUATAN BERPENGAWET Cholifah, Nur; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Indriyanti, Dyah Rini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2268

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan, viabilitas dan produksi kokon ulat sutera Bombyx mori L yang diberi pakan alami dan pakan buatan berpengawet. Penelitian ini menggunakan ulat sutera Bombyx mori L. ras 301 hasil silangan ras Jepang dengan ras Cina yang diperoleh dari Pusat Produksi Ulat Sutera Temanggung. Variabel yang diukur selama penelitian adalah rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon,bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan buatan dan pakan alami menghasilkan perbedaan nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon, bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Pertumbuhan ulat sutera yang diberi pakan buatan berpengawet lebih rendah dibanding pertumbuhan ulat sutera dengan pakan alami, akan tetapi sebaliknya viabilitas dan produksi kokon lebih baik. The aim of this research was to compare the difference of growth, viability and cocoon production of silkworm (Bombyx mori L) fed by natural food and preserved artificial food. The artificial food were prepared with the addition of preservatives. The research used the silkworms Bombyx mori L variant 301 resulted from the crossbreeding between the Japanese silkworms and the Chinese silkworms obtained from PPUS, Temanggung. The parameters observed were the average body weight gain, the viability and the production of cocoon (the weight of the whole cocoon and the weight of empty cocoon). The data obtained was analyzed using t-test. The result confirmed that the artificial feeding and the natural feeding showed a significant difference in the increase of body weight, the viability and the production of cocoons of Bombyx mori L. It was concluded that the growth of body weight of silkworms fed with artificial feeding was lower than those fed with natural feeding, but higher in the viability and the cocoon production.
Immunomodulatory Effectiveness of Aqueous Obat Pahit Extract of Lingga Malay Ethnic on White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Fitmawati, Fitmawati; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Sofiyanti, Nery; Isnaini, Isnaini; Fitri, Febrian Lailatul; Paramita, Desi; Dewi, Awal Prichatin Kusumo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.10496

Abstract

Obat pahit has been generally known and believed by Lingga Malay society as anti-aging agent. However, the study of Obat pahit is not scientifically proven. This research was aimed to prove immunomodulatory ability of Obat pahit potion from Lingga, Riau Archipelago. This study used white rats as an animal modelling, and Staphylococcus aureus as bacteria tester. The rats had been treated with aqueous Obat pahit extract from three TMPs on dose scales of 0.09, 0.18 and 0.27 mL/200g of body weight through oral administration for 7 days. Furthermore, on the 8th days, the experiment animals were injected by the preparation of bacteria tester through intraperitoneal administration in the amount of 0.5 mL/200 gram of body weigth and subsequently incubated for 1 hour after the injection. There were 2 observed parameters on this study, i.e efectivity and capacity of phagocytosis by leukocytes. The observation of leukocytes-phagocytocis activity was carried out by making a smear preparat samples of peritoneum fluid from rats. After the observation under microscope on a magnification of 100 times. The result was obtained the Obat pahit from Kalan PMT swere more effective on dose 2, while from SP4 and Linau TMPs were much more effective on dose 1. It is therefore, using these data of the results, the advanced doses scale of this Obat pahit would not be necessary. Obat pahit potion from Malay Lingga Malay Ethnic could become raw materials of immunomodulatory herbal medicine based on traditional knowledge. It also potentially as a standardized herbal.
The Lipid Content of The Culture Microalgae Using Media of Tapioca Liquid Waste Insan, Achmad Ilalqisny; Christiani, Christiani; Hidayah, Hexa Apriliana; Widyartini, Dwi Sunu
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.12381

Abstract

Microalga Navicula sp., Spirulina platensis, and Chlorella vulgaris have the prospect of being a source of biofuel producers. Rapid cell growth, coupled with the ability to produce large lipids and less pollution, can be used as an alternative to biofuel development. Microalgae cultivation can utilize tapioca liquid waste. Addition of NaCl to regulate salinity, so optimum for microalgae growth. In addition it can reduce toxins by binding to dissolved cyanide acid present in the waste. This study aims to determine the effect of NaCl concentration on tapioca liquid waste on growth and lipid microalgae content. This study used an experimental method with a complete random factorial design. The first factor tested three species of microalgae. The second factor tested seven NaCl concentrations on tapioca liquid waste media. The results showed that the concentration of NaCl 35% in tapioca liquid waste culture media capable of producing biomass of C. vulgaris cells with the highest lipid content. The NaCl concentration capable of producing the highest microalgae biomass from the study can be developed to design more effective and efficient tapioca industrial waste treatment without damaging the environment but more productive, as a biofuel producer.
Exploration of Potential Actinomycetes from CIFOR Forest Origin as Antimicrobial, Antifungus, and Producing Extracellular Xylanase Sipriyadi, Sipriyadi; Lestari, Yulin; Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Meryandini, Anja; Suhartono, Maggy Thenawidjaja
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i1.5052

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and explore the actinomycetes of CIFOR forest origin as an antimicrobial and antifungal agent, to produce an extracellular xylanase, and to identify isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Actinomycetes were isolated using Humic-acid Vitamin-B agar (HV) media. Actinomycetes colonies that grow on the medium HV was subsequently purified by growing them on yeast malt agar (YMA) media), then an antagonistic test of selected bacteria against Bacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Fusarium oxysporum, and Sclerotium sp was performed. Xylanase activity test was detected by observing a clear zone, followed by identification. Total of 35 isolates of actinomycetes isolated based on their colony morphology characteristics and diverse types of spore chains showed Streptomyces spp. of isolates CFR-06, CFR-15, CFR-17, CFR-18, and CFR-19 were able to inhibit the growth of Bacillus sp.. The highest inhibition zone has a diameter of 10.1 mm (isolate CFR-17). Isolates CFR-01 and CFR-15 were able to inhibit the growth of E. coli with the highest inhibition zone diameter of 5.1 mm (isolate CFR-15). Isolates CFR-29 and CFR-12 were able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum while isolate CFR-35 were able to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp.. Xylanase activity test showed that isolates CFR-12, CFR-20, CFR-22, CFR-24, CFR-25, CFR-30, CFR-33, CFR-34 have an ability to produce extracellular xylanase enzyme. Actinomycetes isolate (Xyl_22) as a potential xylanase enzyme producer was closely related with Streptomyces drozdowicii by the maximum similarity of 99%.How to CiteSipriyadi, S., Lestari, Y., Wahyudi, A., Meryandini, A., & Suhartono, M. T. (2016). Exploration Potential CIFOR Forest actinomycetes origin as Antimicrobial, Anti Fungus and Producing Enzymes Extracellular Xylanase. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(1), 94-102.
Parasitoid Hama Penggerek Batang dan Pucuk Tebu di Cinta Manis, Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan Meidalima, Dewi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i1.2928

Abstract

Serangan hama penggerek tebu siap panen sebesar 11,25% di Cinta Manis tahun 2007. Lahan pengamatan 1 ha di bagi menjadi 5 petak secara diagonal, masing-masing seluas 200 m2, populasi tanaman sebanyak 1500 batang. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui keanekaragaman, spesies parasitoid dan potensi parasitasinya. Ditemukan 3 spesies parasitoid telur (Trichogramma chilonis; Telenomus dignoides; Tetrastichus schoenobii) dan 3 spesies parasitoid larva (Rachonathus scirpophagae; Stenobracon nicevillei; Diatraeophaga striatalis). Parasitisasi parasitoid telur penggerek pucuk di lahan dengan dan tanpa tumbuhan liar oleh Telenomus dignoides, Tetrastichus schoenobii, Trichogramma chilonis sebesar 6,96% dan 80,48%; 29,13% dan 15,22%; 0% dan 0,71%. Parasitisasi parasitoid telur penggerek batang di lahan dengan dan tanpa tumbuhan liar oleh Tetrastichus schoenobii sebesar 48,88% dan 36,08%, Telenomus dignoides sebesar 29,35% dan 28,34%. Parasitisasi parasitoid larva penggerek pucuk di lahan dengan dan tanpa tumbuhan liar oleh Rachonothus scirpophagae sebesar 2,66% dan 1,59%, dan Stenobracon nicevillei sebesar 1,81% dan 0,99%. Parasitisasi parasitoid larva penggerek batang (Diatraeophaga striatalis), di lahan dengan dan tanpa tumbuhan liar sebesar 32,23% dan 19,62%. Keanekaragaman spesies parasitoid telur (H=0,627)dan larva penggerek pucuk (H=0,686) tertinggi pada lahan dengan tumbuhan liar. Keanekaragaman spesies parasitoid telur penggerek batang tertinggi pada lahan tanpa tumbuhan liar adalah H=0,686.During 2007 in Cinta Manis area, the attack of borers on readily harvested sugarcane reached 11.25%. A 1-ha observation field was divided diagonally into 5 plots, each with an area of 200 m2, and populated with 1,500 plants. The aims of this study were to know the diversity of parasitoids species and their parasitic potentials. As many as 3 species of parasitoid eggs (Trichogramma chilonis; Telenomus dignoides; Tetrastichus schoenobii) and 3 species of parasitoid larvae (Rachonathus scirpophagae; Stenobracon nicevillei; Diatraeophaga striatalis) have been found. The parasitization of shoot borer egg parasitoids (Telenomus dignoides, Tetrastichus schoenobii, Trichogramma chilonis) in the field with and without wild plants were 61.96% and 80.48%; 29.13% and 15.22%; 0% and 0.71%, respectively. The parasitization of stem borer egg parasitoids of Tetrastichus schoenobii in the field with and without wild plants were 48.88% and 36.08%, respectively, and of Telenomus dignoides were 29.35% and 28.34%, respectively. The parasitization of shoots borer larval parasitoids of Rachonothus scirpophagae in the field with and without wild plants were 2.66% and 1.59%, respectively, and of Stenobracon nicevillei were 1.81% and 0.99%, respectively. Parasitization of larvae parasitoid stem borer (Diatraeophaga striatalis) in the field with and without the wild plants were 32.23% and 19.62%, respectively. The highest diversity of eggs (H=0.627) and larvae (H=0.686) of shoot borer parasitoid species were in the field with wild plants. The highest diversity of egg stem borer parasitoid species in the field without wild plants was H=0.686.
Retracted: Characterization of the Interaction between RIN13 (RPM1-Interacting13) and Sumo Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. This article has been retracted at the request of the author. The reason is due to poor quality of the publication, which may reflect poorly on the scientific quality of the authors. Santosa, Venny; Nagabuchi, Mio; Okada, Sachiko; Tanaka, Katsunori
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.9487

Abstract

.
In Vitro Propagation of Bambusa balcooa as Alternative Material of Wood Nurhayani, Siti; Megia, Rita; Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.11079

Abstract

A diversion of raw material from wood to bamboo is necessary. In vitro culture of bamboo can be used to provide a high number of seedling. The aim of this study was to increase the multiplication of a high quality Bambusa balcooa as a wood alternative material. Part of plants used was the sterile axillary shoot. The explants were planted on MS0 medium for 2 weeks and later on multiplication medium MS+0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.3mg/l TDZ. The shoots obtained were fragmented into clusters (3-5 shoots) used for the next multiplication stage using five different medium formulas: (1) MS0; MS containing: (2) 0.1 mg/l BAP, (3) 0.3 mg/l BAP, (4) 0.1 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ and (5) 0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ. The results showed that MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l BAP + 0.1mg/l TDZ was the best medium for B. balcooa propagation. The shoots produced from aforementioned medium had a better quality compared to the other medium. Forty days after planting, the average number of shoots in this medium was 14.25. MS medium containing 0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ produced the highest number of shoot but in lower quality. Rooting medium containing 10 mg/l IBA + 5 mg/l NAA produced 9-16 root in 8 weeks. Vermicompost was more prevalent for the acclimatization of B. balcooa compared to compost. The use of B.balcooa resulted in in vitro propagation as a substitute alternative for wood is expected to save the environment from illegal logging.  
Analisis Keanekaragaman Genetik dan Diferensiasi Jati Jawa dan Madura berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit untuk Mendukung Fingerprinting Jati Millah, Munisyatul; Habibah, Noor Aini; Suwarni, Endah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 2, No 2 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v2i2.1157

Abstract

Analysis fingerprinting teak is supported by information about teak’s character molecularly. The information is gotten by analyzing 3 primary microsatellite in 46 teak samples that produce total 18 kinds of alel averagely 6 alel per locus. Genetics variety level is shown by Observed Heterozigosity (Ho), Expected Heterozygosity (He), Polimorfi sm Information Content (PIC) and Genetics Differentiation Coeffi cient successively 0.5122; 0.6221; 0.5818; and 0.0629. Kinship connection through dendogram analysis produces coeffi cient resemblance 0.3-1.00 that form 2 groups. However it has not shown inclination of forming group based on origin grows yet. Genetics differentiation analysis indicates different genetics in a population is higher then it is between populations. Analysis result has not found specifi c alel yet but has found 12 specifi c genotipe that is potential for analyzing fi ngerprinting if it relates to important useful genes. Keywords: microsatellite teak, DNA fi ngerprinting

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