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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 69   70   71   72   73 
Karakteristik Populasi Rayap Tanah Coptotermes spp (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) dan Dampak Serangannya Niken Subekti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 2, No 2 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v2i2.1158

Abstract

Termite are known to infest building in the tropics, but in their quest for cellulose they may also cause signifi cant damage to crops and trees. They become pest only when their natural habitat is altered in some way by humans. Subterranean termite Coptotermes spp has been known as the most economically important structural pest in Indonesia. Due tomorphological ambiguity, traditional identifi cation of Coptotermes spp. has always been diffi cult and unreliable. In economic point of view, economic loss due to termite attack always increases every year, and in the year 2000 it is estimated to reach 373 million US$. Moreover, the social as well as ecological impact caused by termite attack should also be considered. In the capital city of Jakarta, the subterranean termite attack on home buildings reaches around 55%; while in Surabaya (East Java) 36%; and in Semarang (Central Java) 41%. Meanwhile, in some other cities, the subterranean termite attack on home buildings reaches on the average of 20%. The presence of termites in a region can depend on various factors, such as soil and vegetation type. Climatic features andwater avaibility play an important part in termite survival. Daily and seasonal changes in these factors also affect termite distribution.Keywords: characteristics, climatic, Coptotermes spp, attack impact.
Diversity and Distribution of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu Province Safniyeti Safniyeti; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Tatik Chikmawati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.9285

Abstract

Myrmecophyte is a common medicinal plant used by local people in Indonesia for treating various diseases especially in Papua. Bengkulu province is one of the Myrmecophyte habitats, but there has no report on its identity and distribution. The objectives of this research were to identify the diversity and analyze the Myrmecophytes distribution as well as factor affecting its presence. This study used purposive sampling method by exploring the area where Myrmecophytes commonly found. The Myrmecophyte distribution based on host tree was analyzed using Morishita index and the autecological analysis of abiotic factors was performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) generated from Minitab 16. The results of this research showed that there were two species of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu province, namely Hydnophytum formicarum and Myrmecodia tuberosa, as well as two variants of M. tuberosa i.e. M. tuberosa ‘armata’ and M. tuberosa ‘siberutensis’. The distribution of Myrmecophytes based on host tree was mostly randomly scattered in Central Bengkulu regency, Seluma, North Bengkulu, South Bengkulu, and Kaur. Their distributions were affected by light intensity and temperature. The data of this research can be used as basic information for carried out conservation efforts in Bengkulu province. The abundance of Myrmecophytes is also used as a source of additional income for local people in Bengkulu province.     
Ethnobotanical Study of Rattans on Suku Anak Dalam Community in Bukit Duabelas Nasional Park Dwi Mairida; Muhadiono Muhadiono; Iwan Hilwan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i1.5164

Abstract

Suku Anak Dalam (SAD), a tribal in Bukit Duabelas Nasional Park (TNBD) has knowledge for utilizing rattans. This research attempts to investigate the species of rattans utilized and to analyze the local wisdom of Suku Anak Dalam(SAD) community.The data was collected by doing an interview the informants consisting of temenggung (head of the tribe), jenang (the liaison between the villagers and anak dalam), rattans gatherers, induk (mother) and hand maker. Then, the researcher observed active participation (following the SAD activity in utilizing rattans).The interview was conducted based on the appropriate time with qualitative condition and situation. The result showed 12 (twelve) species of rattan utilized by the SAD community, Calamus ornatus (Blume), Calamus caesius( Blume), Calamus flabellatus (Becc.), Calamus manan(Miq.), Calamus csipionum (Lour.), Calamus javensis(Blume), Calamus axilliaris(Becc.), Calamus sp., Daemonorops geniculata (Griff.) Mart., Daemonorops draco(Willd.) Blume, Daemonorops verticiliaris(Griff.) Mart., and Korthalsiaechinometra(Becc.)The eight species were utilized as ambung, penampilan, and tekalo handicraft. One type for rituals, ropes, clotheslines, dye, durian lempok cakes preservatives (Durio spp.),and the species for the food for pregnant mothers (‘ngidam’), and the three species for medicine. The implication of this research gave a documentation for the government to formulate and to make an authority of TNB forest conservation and to protect the culture of SAD community in the form of rattans inventarization and local wisdom of SAD community in utilizing the species of rattans.How to CiteMairida, D., Muhadiono, M., Hilwan, I. (2016). Etnobotanical Study of Rattans on Suku Anak Dalam Community in Bukit Duabelas Nasional Park. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(1) 64-70.
Struktur Mikroanatomi Hati dan Kadar Kolesterol Total Plasma Darah Tikus Putih Strain Wistar Pasca Suplementasi Minyak Lemuru dan Minyak Sawit Ngudy Jaka Surasa; Nur Rahayu Utami; Wiwi Isnaeni
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3778

Abstract

Mengkonsumsi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit secara terus menerus, diduga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan mikroanatomi hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi hati dan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah tikus putih strain Wistar paska suplementasi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian menggunakan 25 ekor tikus usia ± 3 bulan. Masing-masing diberi minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru sebanyak 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, dan 20%+20% secara per oral selama 28 hari. Data kadar kolesterol total plasma darah, berat badan tikus dan berat hati tikus dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan ANAVA satu arah, dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru bersifat toksik terhadap hati dan dapat menurunan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah. Sifat toksik minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit terhadap hati dapat dilihat dari adanya perubahan struktur mikroanatomi hati, makroskopis hati tikus, dan berat hati tikus. Kerusakan struktur mikroanatomi hati yang ditemukan berupa kerusakan sel hati (nekrosis hati) serta melebarnya sinusoid. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru mengakibatkan kerusakan mikroanatomi berupa nekrosis sel hati, sehingga mempengaruhi makroskopis hati (perubahan tekstur dan warna), berat hati, dan mempengaruhi berat badan tikus.Consuming lemuru oil and palm oil continuously could be expected to cause damage to the liver micro-anatomy. This study aimed to determine the micro-anatomy structure of liver and blood plasma total cholesterol level of white rats Wistar strain by post-oil supplementation of lemuru and palm oil. This research was experimental, with a completely randomized design. The research used 25 mice aged ± 3 months. Each was given a palm oil and lemuru oil as much as 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, and 20%+20% orally for 28 days. Blood plasma levels of total cholesterol, body weight of rats and mice liver weight quantitatively analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that the palm oil and lemuru oil was toxic to the liver and decreased the blood plasma total cholesterol levels. Toxicological properties lemuru oil and palm oil to the liver can be seen from the change in the micro-anatomy structure of heart, liver macroscopic rat, and mouse liver weight. Micro-anatomy structural damage on liver cells were found in the form liver necrosis as well as the widening of the sinusoid. The conclusion of this study was the provision of palm oil and lemuru oil was caused damage to microscopic liver cell necrosis form, thus affecting the macroscopic liver (changes in texture and color), a heavy heart, and affect the body weight of rats.
Molecular Identification of Fish Larvae from East Plawangan of Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia Agus Nuryanto; Hendro Pramono; Moh Husein Sastranegara
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.9191

Abstract

Correct identification of fish larvae from East Plawangan is very difficult to be done due to undefined of their morphology, while correct name is an important information for management of that area as spawning and nersery ground. Therefore, so far no scientific report on what species that utilize East Plawangan as their spawning and nursery ground. Cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene provide a precise tool for correct larvae identification. This study aims to test the accuracy of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene on fish larvae identification. The COI gene were amplified and sequenced. The homology of sequences were checked using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). Genetic distances were calculated with the help of MEGA 6 software. Taxonomic tree was reconstructed using neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods with 1000 bootstraps repeats. A sum of 24 morphotypes were identified, indicating high diversity of fish that utilize East Plawangan as their spawning and nursery ground. BLAST result showed that seven morphotypes were convincingly identified into species level, while three remaining morphotypes could only be identified at generic level. Taxonomic tree shows clear discrimination among morphotypes. This proved that cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene showed high accuracy on larval species discrimination.
Production of Sugar From Sweet Sorghum Stems with Hydrolysis Method Using Trichoderma viride Melycorianda Hubi Ndapamuri; Maria Marina Herawati; V Irene Meitiniarti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i1.25954

Abstract

Sorghum stem bagasse waste is one of the materials with high cellulose content. It can be utilized in glucose production through enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by Trichoderma viride. This study aims to determine sorghum stem bagasse’s potential in producing glucose, assessing the time and concentration of sorghum stem bagasse in the hydrolysis process to produce glucose optimally and following SNI. Hydrolysis was carried out using a concentration of 5%, 8%, and 11% sorghum stem bagasse for 10, 15, and 20 days. The results showed that sorghum stem bagasse waste could produce glucose with an average glucose yield of 10.09% to 24.40 %. There is a tendency that increasing substrate concentration and hydrolysis time will increase the yield of liquid glucose. The treatment of 5% concentration of sorghum stem bagasse with a long hydrolysis time of 10 days can produce the highest liquid glucose, namely 24.40% with total dissolved solids of 7.40% Brix, the ash content of 0.26%, but 47.54% water content has not met SNI standards. 
Identifying the Potential Yield of Soybean Genotype in Tidal Land Type C Gatut Wahyu Anggoro Susanto; Pratanti Haksiwi Putri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.21395

Abstract

Identification of soybean genotypes including potential yield character is a base to understand soybean growth, development, and productivity on potential lands. The purpose of this research is to determine the potential yield of soybean genotype in tidal land type C and their supporting components. Four soybean genotypes and two comparative varieties Anjasmoro and Lawit (adaptive tidal land) were tested on tidal land type C at four locations (three locations in Jambi Province and one location in South Kalimantan Province), July 2017. The research was conducted using a randomized design for each location and repeated four times. The plot size was 12 m2, spacing row 40 cm x 15 cm, two plants for each hole. GH_KR_13, GH_GR_1 and  GH_GR_5 productivity equal with Lawit, the adaptive variety for tidal land type C. While, Anjasmoro showed more than 2.20 t/ha in seeds productivity, 54 filled pod for each plant, with large size of seeds (15.84 gram/100 seeds). Anjasmoro had higher seed productivity than all of genotypes including Lawit. Anjasmoro with it’s potential yield and productivity, can become farmer preferences and deserve to be developed in tidal land type C. 
Diversity of The Ornate Lorikeet (Trichoglossus ornatus) Birds Based on Mitochondrial DNA Protein Coding Gene Dwi Astuti; Siti Nuramaliati Prijono
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.13501

Abstract

Ornate lorikeet (Trichoglossus ornatus) is an endemic bird in Sulawesi. Endemism is one of the factors in declining bird’s population. In the case of the birds conservation programme, information about gene diversity is important for basic strategy. Mitochondrial DNA of animals consists of protein coding genes including ND2 gene. This study informs diversity of the Ornate Lorikeet (Trichoglossus ornatus) birds based on DNA sequences of ND2 gene. DNA total was extracted from blood samples of 21 birds. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed and successfully amplified a single DNA fragment of ND2 gene for all birds. DNA fragments were sequenced and totally 997 base pairs were analyzed. NJ tree was constructed using MEGA5. All DNA sequence data showed that between the birds there were 20  polymorphic (segregating) sites with mean genetic distance was 0.004 ± 0.002 (ranged from 0,000 – 0,008), and had 17 sequence haplotypes (HTor1- HTo17). Haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.967 ± 0.30387 and nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.00439 ± 0.0012. Genetic diversity information could be potential relevance to the breeding management for conservation of the birds.
STATUS ANTIOKSIDAN GLUTATION PADA PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI BALAI KESEHATAN PARU (BKPM) MAKASSAR Ari Yuniastuti; Irawan Yusuf; Muh Nasrum Massi; Budu -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i2.2745

Abstract

AbstrakAntioksidan merupakan senyawa untuk pertahanan tubuh host terhadap radikal bebas. Pada pasien tuberkulosis paru (TB paru), rendahnya antioksidan menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan. Salah satu antioksidan tubuh adalah glutation. Rendahnya glutation berhubungan dengan gangguan sistem imun, sehingga menyebabkan keparahan penyakit pada pasien TB paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar glutation plasma penderita tuberkulosis paru. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort prospektif. Sampel TB paru dipilih di Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM), Makassar yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan sesuai kadatangan (consecutive sampling). Dua mililiter darah diambil dari setiap sampel, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar glutation dengan ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar glutation sampel pasien TB paru sebelum pemberian obat antituberkulosis (OAT) sebesar 0,48383±0,0344 mM dan setelah pemberian OAT sebesar 0,49465±0,0371 mM. Setelah pemberian OAT kadar glutation mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2,2% meskipun masih lebih rendah dari kadar glutation normal. AbstractAntioxidants prevent hosts against free radicals. In pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients, the low level of antioxidants may cause tissue damage in oxidative hosts. One of antioxidants is glutathione. The poor glutathione level correlates with immune system disorder. The current study aimed to determine glutathione plasma levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The study design was prospective cohort. Pulmonary TB samples were obtained from patients in the Lung Health Centre (BBKPM) in Makassar, and they were selected based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria and on their admittance times (a consecutive sampling technique). Two mililiters of blood was taken from each sample and the glutathione level was examined using ELISA. The study indicated that the glutathione level of the pulmonary TB patients before administered with antitubeculosis drug was 0.48383±0.0344 mM and after antituberculosis drug was 0.49465±0.0371 mM. After administration of antituberculosis drug the glutathione level increased by 2.2%, although still lower than normal glutathione level.
Traditional Knowledge on The Animal Utilization by The Hatam Tribe of Manokwari, West Papua Province Simon Sutarno; Ibnul Qayim; Ignatius Muhadiono; Yohanes Purwanto; Ervizal A. M. Zuhud
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.9441

Abstract

Animal utilization in traditional community life is an integral part of traditional knowledge itself. This research aims to reveal the Hatam people’s traditional knowledge about the utilization of animals in their lives. The method used is the exploratory survey method. The respondents were determined purposively using the snowball sampling technique. The results showed that there are at least 55 species of animals commonly used by the Hatam people. Based on the forms of utilization, the animals can be divided into six groups: consumption, traditional medicine, specific meanings, traditional technology and arts, significant value, and traditional purposes. Wild animals are most widely used for the living needs of the Hatam people. The traditional hunt that is limited and the communal land ownership system (ulayat system) practiced by the Hatam people have indirectly helped preserve and ensure the availability of wildlife for the Hatam people’s needs. In addition to being a form of documentation of Hatam people’s traditional knowledge, the results of this research also have significance for the development of science especially in the field of ethnozoology. The form of interaction between Hatam people and animals revealed in this research can also serve as a reference for designing development policies related to the presence of Hatam people in the Arfak mountains. 

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