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History and National Integration: A Study of Collective Memory of Tamiang Monuments in Medan 1894 Rahman, Aulia; Ibrahim, Husaini; Prasetyo, Okhaifi; Usman, Usman; Riyani, Mufti
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i2.20001

This paper focuses on the historical exploration and collective memory of the Tamiang Monument in Medan, Indonesia. This paper examines how monuments can build collective memory and link history to people's lives at a certain time so that it can be interpreted. Through historical methods, the study results show that the Tamiang Monument plays an essential role in the inheritance of collective memory about the conquest of Tamiang as part of the Aceh region by the Dutch colonialists. The monument is an important symbol to remind people of the greatness and courage in the struggle against the colonizers. However, after the Tamiang Monument was destroyed, all narratives and reminders of the Tamiang War were lost. The loss of this monument also has implications for the loss of the values of the legacy of tenacity, fighting spirit, and collective identity associated with this important event. Therefore, it is important to rebuild the Tamiang Monument as an initial step to revive collective memory and pass on the values of struggle to the younger generation. Monuments play an important role in building and maintaining the community's collective identity and strengthening the historical awareness of the Tamiang and Aceh communities.

Mohammad Sjafei: A Nationalist Educator in West Sumatra Wati, Listia Anita; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Puguh, Dhanang Respati
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i2.19692

This article discusses Mohammad Sjafei's nationalist thoughts in the fields of politics and education from 1914 to 1958. This research uses historical methods. The article contains a description of how the educational system under the Ethical Policy program provided opportunities for the rise of nationalism among the indigenous people. The expansion of education encouraged openness of mind and knowledge among the indigenous population. This process of nationalist awakening stimulated the emergence of national thinkers who played a role in the struggle during the movement era. The role and contribution of these national thinkers are important to study in order to enhance understanding and knowledge in the field of intellectual history. One such national thinker examined in this article is Mohammad Sjafei. He was a national education figure who had nationalist thoughts in the fields of politics and education. His nationalist thoughts in politics encompassed values of unity, national loyalty, and love for the nation. His nationalist thoughts in education emphasized the importance of forming the nation’s identity and promoting education that is Indonesiacentric. Sjafei implemented these two nationalist thoughts in his educational practices at Indonesisch Nederlandsche School Kayutanam. The school was used as a medium to disseminate nationalistic awareness, sharpen intellectual intelligence, and develop skills.

From Bengal to Java: Raffles’ Landrente in Indonesian Agrarian System Juwono, Harto
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v7i2.17936

The issues of land ownership taxes hold in a distinctive position within Indonesian legal framework, with historical roots extending from Indonesia’s Independence to the colonial era. Originating during the British ruled Java from 1811 to 1816, British Lieutenant Governor-General Thomas Stamford Raffles introduced the concept of landrente for a tax on land. This study endeavors to explore the historical evolution of land ownership taxes with the Indonesian legal system, tracing its inception from the colonial era to contemporary times. The historical method based on archival materials, legal documents and historical records, have been employed. After criticizing the archival sources that used, the interpretation will be applied for getting some historical facts. Based on these facts, reconstruction as a final phase of the method will be built. A comprehensive historical overview of the evolution of land ownership taxes in Indonesia has been revealed, traversing the colonial period to contemporary times. The transition from landrente to grondbelasting marks a pivotal shift in tax principles and individual property rights. The underlying principle is the fact that all land was owned by government, while the people could only work on. As a form of rent for the land, the people had to give a part of the proceeds to the government. Collection system followed the system that used by The British East India Company in Bengal, namelythrough the zamindar. In Java, Raffles submitted to the colonial officials in the local level.

Forest Plundering in the Forest Management Unit (KPH) Randublatung, Blora Regency: Types of Plundering and the Involvement of External Community Actors Ulyatin, Nazal Chilmi; Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i1.19219

This study examines forest plundering in KPH Randublatung involving individuals from outside the forest communities. The Reformation era marked the beginning of numerous demonstrations in both urban and rural areas across various regions. In forest villages where communities have close geographical proximity to state forests, one form of particularly intense demonstration was forest plundering. As residents of forest villages, or communities living near KPH, they have engaged in the practice of mblandongeven since the colonial period. Acts of taking wood from state forests have occurred for a long time. However, in the lead-up to the Reformation, taking wood from the forest evolved beyond mere theft, escalating into acts of plundering. This study analyzes the factors driving forest plundering, which also involved parties from outside the forest villages. The research findings indicate both internal (village community) and external factors contributing to the plundering. Internal factors include community customs, perceptions, and the necessity for survival amidst an environment that does not guarantee livelihood sustainability. External factors include political instability in the lead-up to the Reformation, which created opportunities for plunderers due to the absence of legal certainty. Additionally, the emergence of financiers driven by the demand for teak wood in the market also fueled organized and structured plundering. These actions were often supported by security forces.

History of Military Academies in Indonesia Herlina, Nina
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v7i2.18887

The Military Academy in Indonesia has a rich history, established in different locations under various names until they were eventually merged. This study explores the dynamics of the Military Academies in Indonesia, from the Dutch East Indies era to the present day. It also investigates why Tidar Valley became the location for the Military Academy, considering both logical factors and local traditions? The research methodology employed in this study is the critical historical method, comprising four distinct stages heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. To explain why the Military Academy is located in the Tidar Valley, the author uses ideas from Robert von Heine Geldern and Gilbert J. Garraghan. This study reveals the dynamic development of the military academy in Indonesia. During the Dutch East Indies era, officer training took place at the Military Academy in Breda. Following World War II, a new Military Academy was established in Bandung in 1940. After Indonesia became independent in 1945, the Military Academy was established in Yogyakarta. Later on, more military education institutions appeared in various places like Tangerang, Mojoagung, Malang, Brastagi, Parapat, Bukittinggi, Palembang, Salatiga, and Bandung. In 1957, these institutions were combined to create the National Military Academy in Yogyakarta, which had branches for land, air, and sea. The land division became the Military Academy in 1965. In the same year, all division academies were merged into the Armed Forces Academy of the Republic of Indonesia (AKABRI), and the land division was renamed the Military Academy.

The Galungan Holiday in Postmodern Historical Studies Wijaya, I Nyoman
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i2.23607

This study examines the topic of Galungan, a cultural practice in Bali that occurs every 210 days. Galungan is not only celebrated in Bali but also in almost all major cities in Indonesia and around the world. In every celebration, Galungan is always referred to as the day of victory of dharma (virtue) over adharma (evil). This topic is examined using a postmodern approach, employing Foucault's theory of power-knowledge relations. The aim is to uncover the hidden power-knowledge relations within it. To achieve this goal, Galungan is positioned as subjugated knowledge. The research question is, what knowledge is subjugated, so that a single discourse emerges that Galungan is a celebration of the victory of dharma over adharma? This issue is examined using Foucault's methods of genealogy of power and archaeology of knowledge. The research results show that the reference to Galungan as the day of victory of dharma over adharma is the result of demythologization, a fictional story that is reconstructed and considered as truth. In order to realize this discourse, a great deal of old knowledge is subjugated, such as Galungan as the day of the arrival of ancestral spirits and the economic cycle of society. At the surface level, this effort is successful, in pemedek [worshippers] these two things are more prominent than highlighting the victory of dharma over adharma.

Asian Flu Pandemic in Indonesia, 1957: Government and Public Response Fakhriansyah, Muhammad; Kurniawati, Kurniawati
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i2.15045

This study aims to analyze the 1957 Asian Flu Pandemic in Indonesia, focusing on the government and public response. The 1957 Asian Flu Pandemic was the second pandemic in the world after the 1918 Spanish Flu Pandemic. The pandemic was caused by the H2N2 influenza virus and originated in China. From China, the virus spread to Hong Kong, Singapore, and the world, including Indonesia. The Asian flu was the first pandemic faced by the post-colonial government of the Republic of Indonesia. The pandemic occurred in Indonesia between May and August, with the number of sufferers reaching 202,469 people (according to the government). Using historical methods, this study shows that the existence of the Asian flu indirectly tested the government's work and readiness in dealing with a global pandemic. The Asian flu pandemic struck when the Indonesian government faced difficult problems after the War of Independence (1945-1949). This situation made it difficult for the government to act. Therefore, the policy of responding to the Asian flu seemed very careful and even slow. In addition, the lack of health sector services and infrastructure in various regions also interfered with handling the pandemic. This situation also caused poor coordination between the central and regional governments. As a result, the public became confused. People end up acting without direction, such as trying traditional medicine, spreading hoax news, violating quarantine rules, committing vaccination fraud, panic buying, and even performing various mystical rituals.

The Development of Klidang Lor Port Batang, 1975-2014 Abdirozaq, Mifta; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Alamsyah, Alamsyah
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/baf.%v.%i.%Y.655-667

Klidang Lor Port was administratively established in 1975 after being separated from Pekalongan Port. Using historical methods, this article aims to analyze the development of facilities and activities at Batang Port from the New Order era to the Reformation period. In the period 1975-1988, fish production increased due to the development of motorboats which were previously traditional vessels. In 1988-1998, the port authority built a harbor pier and lighthouse to make it easier for ships to dock. Port facilities continued to be built until the 1998-2007 period. This article analyzes the productivity of fishermen around Klidang Lor Harbor along with the addition of port facilities. The research results show that one of the facilities at the port that has a significant impact is the Public Fuel Filling Station (SPBU). Apart from that, the change in status from Fishing Port to Klidang Lor Coastal Fishing Port (KPBU) has also increased fishermen's productivity because port facilities continue to be developed.

Ambonsche Studiefonds and Sarekat Ambon as Forums for Moluccan Nationalists to Initiate Indonesian Independence Movement Touwe, Sem; Manik, Kresna; Lasaiba, Mohammad Amin; Pattiasina, Johan
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v8i1.23927

This research examines the role of the Ambonsche Studiefonds and Sarekat Ambon organizations in fostering nationalism among Maluku natives and in the struggle for Indonesian independence. Using the historical method, this research explores how the Ethical Policy introduced by the Dutch East Indies government influenced the emergence of pro-independence organizations and how they played a role in mobilizing resistance to colonialism. The Ethical Policy, motivated by the Dutch' debt of honor' towards its colonies, opened up access to education for natives and indirectly encouraged national consciousness. The results show that the Ambonsche Studiefonds played a role in expanding access to education for Maluku natives, thus increasing nationalist awareness among them. In addition, Sarekat Ambon became an essential forum for resistance after the transfer of its headquarters to Surabaya, which contributed to the struggle for Indonesian independence. This research also highlights the existence of the Malukan nationalist movement despite many of its members being victims of torture by the Japanese occupation army. Their loyalty and fighting spirit ultimately contributed to Indonesia's independence in 1945. Based on the findings in the heuristic process, this research emphasizes the importance of understanding and appreciating the role of Malukan nationalists in the history of Indonesia's independence struggle. It is hoped that the results of this research can inspire the younger generation to uphold the spirit of nationalism and national unity in facing contemporary challenges.

Indigenous Populations, Plantations, and Agrarian Conflicts in Rural North Maluku during the Colonial Period from the 17th to the 20th Century Rahman, A.
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v7i1.15936

North Maluku's history is marked by conflicts between the indigenous people and colonial rulers, spanning from the 17th century to the early 20th century. These conflicts were primarily driven by the seizure of agricultural lands and plantations, especially for clove and nutmeg spices, as well as forest areas and their products in rural areas. The colonial rulers' monopolistic practices, often enforced through contracts or agreements of cooperation and friendship, primarily benefited the colonial government and private sector. This situation led to growing unrest, anxiety, and pressure among the indigenous population, impacting them socially, economically, and politically. Various forms of indigenous resistance emerged, including rebellions and wars. This article explores several key questions: How did agrarian conflicts on indigenous plantation lands in rural North Maluku arise? What was the involvement of indigenous and colonial authorities in these conflicts? What were the impacts and processes for resolving these conflicts? The research findings indicate that agrarian conflicts arose due to several factors. First, the colonial rulers' monopolistic practices, enforced through contracts and cooperation agreements, only benefited the colonial side. Second, the indigenous people's lives were increasingly burdened by colonial social, economic, political, and military policies. Third, colonial rulers deliberately provoked disruptions in the relationships between local kings, native rulers, and their people. This article is based on source studies and field research from the colonial period, utilizing historical research methods: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The colonial and imperialist spirit, with its liberal capitalist views, significantly restricted indigenous freedoms to cultivate spices on their own plantations and manage forest products like resin. Additionally, indigenous people were prohibited from conducting trade with other traders, including fellow natives, traders from other parts of the archipelago, and foreign traders other than the Dutch.

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Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA