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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14124939     EISSN : 25027085     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085, http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli) provides a forum for publishing the original research articles related to: Environmental Health Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Health Risk Assessment Environmental Health Technology Environmental-Based Diseases Environmental Toxicology Water and Sanitation Waste Management Pesticides Exposure Vector Control Food Safety
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 439 Documents
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Perbedaan Efektifitas Desinfektan Amonium Kuatener 1% Dengan Fenol 1% Dalam Penurunan Angka Kuman Lantai Ruang Perawatan di RSU Kardinah Kota Tegal Krisanti, Erlina; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Suwondo, Ari
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.12.1.42 - 50

Abstract

Background : Number of germs on the floor at the treatment room of Nusa Indah was 17 CFU/cm2 (standard of Health Minister Decree: 5-10 CFU/cm2). The room of Nusa Indah is devoted to the care of patients suffering from infectious diseases. Floor disinfectant at Kardinah Public Hospital uses phenol in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedure. The objective of this research was to analyze the effectiveness differences between quaternary ammonium and phenol disinfectants in decreasing number of germs on the floor in the treatment room at Kardinah Public Hospital in Tegal. Methode : This research used Control Time Series Design. Independent variables were quaternary ammonium 1%, phenol 1%, and contact time (minutes) during 10, 720, 1440, 2160, 2880, and 3600. Meanwhile, a dependent variable was number of germs. Study population was treatment rooms at Kardinah Public Hospital. Samples were taken by using purposive sampling. Correlation test was used to analyze the relationship between number of germs after providing either quaternary ammonium 1% and contact time or phenol 1% and contact time. On the other hand, independent T test was used to analyze differences of number of germs in the first measurement after providing quaternary ammonium 1% and phenol 1%. Result : The results ofthis research revealed that number of germs after providing quaternary ammonium 1% in the 10th minute was equal to 3 CFU/cm2, and then it rose gradually in the next minutes. In contrast, number of germs after providing phenol 1% in the 10th minute was equal to 10 CFU/cm2, and then it also gradually increased in the next minutes. Furthermore, there were any significant differences in terms of the number of germs after providing quaternary ammonium 1% and phenol 1% (p value = 0.001). Conclusion : As a conclusion, disinfectants of phenol 1% and quaternary ammonium 1% are effective to reduce number of germs in the 10th minute. The treatment room needs to use quaternary ammonium 1% because it has a greater exponential value of concentration than phenol 1%. Amonium kuatener has the smell of fresh lemon. Moreover, it is more effective to kill viruses and fungi Key Words: Quaternary Ammonium, Phenol, Floor Disinfectant, Number of Germs
Risiko Gangguan Kesehatan Masyarakat Akibat Pajanan PM10 di Kota Padang Nur, Erdi; Seno, Basuki Ario; Hidayanti, Rahmi
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.20.2.97-103

Abstract

Latar belakang: Pencemaran udara merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang mempunyai dampak serius pada kesehatan manusia dan kualitas lingkungan. Salah satu polutan udara yang dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan adalah partikel debu/ Particullate Matter (PM10). Kegiatan penambangan tanah liat di Gunung Sarik merupakan yang terbesar di Kota Padang. Proses pengangkutan tanah liat ke perusahaan, menimbulkan dampak terhadap masyarakat dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis risiko lingkungan pajanan PM 10 kegiatan penambangan tanah liat dan manajemen risiko yang dapat dilakukan.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April sampai November 2019, sebanyak 53 responden. Parameter yang diukur adalah PM10  pada empat titik pengukuran. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara systematik random sampling. Instrumen berupa LVAS, termohygrometer, anemometer, timbangan dan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan tahapan analisis risiko lingkungan.Hasil: Konsentrasi PM10 adalah 0,152 µg/m3 melebihi baku mutu sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 41 Tahun 2009. Nilai intake pajanan PM10 secara inhalasi di titik empat memiliki nilai RQ > 1, menunjukkan bahwa pemajanan tidak aman bagi masyarakat di sepanjang jalan Gunung Sarik sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian.Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat satu titik pengukuran dengan konsentrasi PM10 udara ambien di Gunung Sarik 0,152 µg/m3 melewati baku mutu sesuai PP No 41 Tahun 2009 yaitu 150 µg/m3 . Hasil analisis risiko RQ>1, artinya pemajanan tidak aman bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di sepanjang Jalan Gunung Sarikdan sebanyak 43 responden (86%) memiliki gejala gangguan saluran pernafasan ABSTRACTTitle: Public Health Problems Due to PM10 Exposure in Padang CityBackground: Air pollution is a public health problem that has a serious impact on human health and environmental quality. One of the air pollutants that can cause health problems is dust particles / Particullate Matter (PM10). The clay mining activity in Gunung Sarik is the largest in Padang City. The process of transporting clay to the company has an impact on the community and the surrounding environment. This study aims to analyze the environmental risk of exposure to PM10 clay mining activities and the risk management that can be carried out.Method: The study used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method. The study was conducted from April to November 2019, with a total of 53 respondents. The measured parameter is the four point PM10 measurement. The sampling technique is systematic random sampling. Instruments using LVAS, thermohygrometer, anemometer, scales and questionnaires. Data analysis uses the environmental risk analysis stage. Result: The concentration of PM10 is 0.152 µg/m3 exceeding the quality standard in accordance with Government Regulation No. 41 of 2009. The value of PM10 exposure by inhalation at point four has a value of RQ> 1, indicating that the exposure is not safe for the community along the Gunung Sarik road so it needs to be done control. Conclusion: The results showed that there was a single point of measurement with the concentration of PM10 in ambient air at Mount Sarik 0.152 µg / m3 passing the quality standard according to Government Regulation No. 41 of 2009, namely 150 µg / m3. The results of the risk analysis RQ> 1, meaning that the exposure is not safe for people who live along Jalan Gunung Sarik and as many as 43 respondents (86%) have symptoms of respiratory problems.  
Analisis Risiko Paparan Debu Kapas Terhadap Kejadian Bisinosis di Industri Tekstil PT. Grandtex Bandung Mulyati, Sri Slamet; Setiani, Onny; Raharjo, Mursid
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.14.2.57-64

Abstract

Background: Byssinosis is still health problems associated with exposure to cotton dust. High risk of health problems in Environmental Health Risk Assessment is expressed as a Risk Quotenit (RQ) .Work activities, the use of personal protective equipment, and psychological disorder may also affect the incidence of byssinosis. Methods: This was an observational research with cross sectional design. The population in this research are all employees of PT.Grandtex.Eighty workers from morning shifts only were randomly selected. Each worker was examined of the FEV1 and FVC. Questionnaires structured was another tools for collecting data.Total dust measured in the working environments and ambient air.Results: The results by Chi-Square test showed significant relation between the Risk Quotenit (RQ) with byssinosis (p-value 0.043; PR 1,8 (95%CI : 0.95-3.52),have a significant relationship between work activities with byssinosis (p-value 0.035; PR 2.2 (95%CI : 0.86-5.85)have a significant relationship between the use of personal protective equipment with byssinosis (p-value 0.001; PR 2.9 (95%CI : 1.21-6.81) and have a significant relationship between psychological disorders with byssinosis (p-value 0.023; PR 1,7 (95%CI : 1.28-2.14)Conclusion: The number of worker with positive Byssinosis symptoms and abnormal lung function 15 people(18.75%) , positive Byssinosis symptoms and normal lung function 35people(43.75%) Keywords : Byssinosis, cotton dust, risk assessment
Hubungan Pajanan Pestisida Dengan Kejadian Hipotiroid Pada Wanita Usia Subur di Daerah Pertanian Hortikultura Desa Gombong Kecamatan Belik Pemalang Dias Aji Bantarwati; Suhartono Suhartono; Ari Suwondo
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.12.2.138 - 143

Abstract

Background : Thousands of farmers and farm workers were poisoned by pesticides each year. Risk of exposure topesticides in agriculture as well as to women who are involved in agricultural activities, one of them washypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism in the group of women of childbearing age (WCA) can cause reproductivedisorders such as infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal growth disorders, and premature birth. The researchobjective was to prove that exposure to pesticides is a risk factor for hypothyroidism on WCA in highlandagricultural area Gombong village, Belik subdistrict Pemalang regency.Methods : Cross-sectional study on 34 subjects research at highland agricultural Gombong District Pemalang Regency.Samples were taken by using a systematic Sampling method. Pesticide exposure was measured by asking WCA’s(17-35 years) involved in agricultural activities using structured questionnaire and by checking their level ofcholinesterase. Incidence of hypothyroidism measured using TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) rate parameter.Confounding variables were also measured. These variables were level of education, BMI, participation in hormonalcontraception, iodine intake, and exposure to cigarette smoke. Data would be analyzed using Chi-Square test at 0,05level of significancy.Result : The prevalence of hypothyroidism among WCA was 2.,4 %.. Pesticide exposure is a risk factor forhypothyroidism; PR 95 % CI = 4.278 ( 1.347-13.581) and p-value=0.015. The higher the degree of exposure, the greaterthe risk of having hypothyroidism. The results showed that there was no correlation between age, level of education,BMI, participation in hormonal contraception, iodine intake, and exposure to cigarette smoke with hypothyroidismon childbearing age woman in highland agricultural area Gombong village, Belik subdistrict Pemalang regency.Conclusion: Pesticide exposure is a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction among WCA in agricultural areas. Keywords: Pesticide exposure, thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism.
Hubungan Pajanan Kebisingan dengan Tekanan Darah dan Denyut Nadi pada Pekerja Industri Kemasan Semen Siswati, Siswati; Adriyani, Retno
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.16.1.29-36

Abstract

Latar belakang: Cemaran bising merupakan merupakan suara yang mengganggu dan membahayakan orang yang mendengarnya. Gangguan suara ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai respon psikologis, khusunya pada sistem kardiovaskuler pada orang-orang yang terpapar. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk menganalisis hubungan antara paparan bising dengan tekanan daran dan denyut nadi pada pekerja industi kemasan semen.Metode: Penelitian dengan disain cross sectional telah dilakukan di industri kemasan semen di Tuban Indonesia. Sampel diambil sebanyak 22 pekerja denan teknik random random. Pengukuran  tingkat kebisingan dilakukan di unit produksi menggunakan Sound Level Meter. Pengumpulan data karakteristik pekerja dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Pengukuran tekanan daran dan denyut nadi dilakukan pada pekerja sebelum dan sesudah terpapar bising menggunakan tensimeter digital. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan paired t-test dan korelasi Perason pada level signifikasi 5%.Hasil: Tingkat bising di seluruh area unit produksi melebihi nilai ambang batas (lebih 85 dBA). Sebagian besar pekerja berumur 42 tahun., telah bekerja selama 15 tahun. Sebanya 77,3% pekerja menggunakan alat pelindung telinga berupa ear plug saat bekerja. Tenanan darah sistolik maupun diastolik sebelum terpapar bising adalah normal, akan tetapi setelah terpapar bising menunjukkan gejala pre hipertensi. Rerata denyut nadi pekerja sebelum dan sesudah terpapar bising masing-masing 76,64 x/menit dan 86,91 x/menit.Simpulan: Ada perbedaan secara signifikan (tekanan daran sistolik, diastolik, dan denyut nadi) antara sebelum dan sesudah bekerja (terpapar bising). Ada hubungan  signifiakan antara tingkat bising dengan peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik, diastlik, dan denyut nadi pekerja industri kemasan semen. Para pekerja disarankan untuk selalu menggunakan alat penuutup telingan saat melakukan pekerjaannya. AbstractTitle: The Relationship between Noise Exposure with Blood Pressure and Pulse of Workers in a Cement Packaging IndustryBackground: Noise pollution is the distrubing or excessive noise that may annoying, distracting or even harmfull to the people who hear it. Noise pollution can induces alteration of various physiological responses, especially on the cardiovascular system, in people exposed to it. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between noise exposure with blood pressure and pulse of workers in cement packaging industry. Methods: A cross sectional study design was employed in 2016 at cement packaging industry in Tuban, Indonesia. Sample size were 22 workers obtained by using simple random sampling technique. Noise level was measured at production unit with a calibrated Sound Level Meter. Workers characteristics were gathered with an appropriate questionnaire. Blood pressure and pulse were measured cross shift (before and after noise exposure) using digital tensimeter. For analyzing data, paired t-test and pearson correlation test were used. P < 0.050 was considered statistically significant.Results: Noise level at all production areas were exceed the TLV, over 85 dBA. Most workers were 42 years old, had over 15 years of worked periode and 77.3% of respondents were using EPE with ear plug type. Either sistolic and diastolic blood pressure before noise exposure were normal, but after that, they were prehypertension. Mean pulse of workers before and after noise exposure were 76,64 x/second and 86,91 x/second.Conclusion: There were significant differences between the systolic blood pressure, diastolic and pulse before and after work. Meanwhile,  there were significant associations between noise with raised systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse on workers of cement packaging industry. So, preventive of noise should be controled by using convenient EPE for workers. 
Analisis Kondisi Rumah Sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita di Wilayah Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Kota Medan Tahun 2008 Sinaga, Lenni Arta F.S.; Suhartono, Suhartono; Hanani D., Yusniar
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.8.1.26 - 34

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: House Condition (Solar orientation, temperature quality, degree of humidity, ventilation index and occupancy density)  are several factors may cause infection of diseases and health disorders, among other are infection of respiratory tract such as common cold, tuberculosis, influenza, pneumonia and so on. In 2007, there were 7713 cases of pneumonia in Medan city. In the working area of Sentosa Baru Health Center had the highest with 770 cases (10 %). Sentosa Baru was one of subdistrict which had the biggest population in Medan that cause many problems specially to provide good house. This study aimed to analyze house condition (solar orientation, temperature quality, degree of humidity, ventilation index and occupancy density) in relation to pneumonia incidnence. Method: It was a case control study  carried out on August to October 2008 at Sentosa Baru Health Center in Medan. Children qualifying pneumonia classification were defined as cases (62) and without pneumonia as controls (62). Analysis by Chi-Square test and stratification by Mantel Haenszel method. Result: The result of the research showed that solar orientation had OR = 2,9 ( 95% CI =1,28 -6,70), ventilation index (OR = 2,9 ; 95% CI  = 1,27 -,6,70) , and living in crowded home (OR = 6,9  ; 95% CI =  2,72 -  17,52) were risk factors for pneumonia incidence. Multiple Regresion Analysis showed that living in crowded home was the most dominant risk factor for pneumonia under five years children at Sentosa Baru Public Health Medan City 2008. Key word : family behavior and pneumonia incidence
Identifikasi Habitat Fisik Sungai dan Keberagaman Biotilik Sebagai Indikator Pencemaran Air Sungai Musi Kota Palembang Trisnaini, Inoy; Kumala Sari, Tri Novia; Utama, Feranita
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 17, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.17.1.1-8

Abstract

Latar belakang: Sungai menjadi salah satu pemasok air terbesar untuk kebutuhan mahluk hidup yang memiliki fungsi penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Sungai Musi merupakan sumberdaya alam yang menjadi salah satu jalur utama perdagangan dan pemasok air terbesar bagi penduduk Sumatera Selatan. Akan tetapi kondisi Sungai Musi telah mengalami perubahan disebabkan saratnya pemukiman dan industri. Aktivitas ini akan berdampak terhadap kondisi fisik sungai serta habitat hewan air yang menghuni perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi habitat fisik sungai serta keberagaman biotilik sebagai indicator pencemaran perairan Sungai Musi Kota Palembang.Metode: Penilaian pencemaran perairan ditentukan dengan melihat indicator habitat fisik sungai dan keberagaman biotilik sungai melalui biota makro invertebrata, serta menggunakan metode wawancara.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air perairan Sungai Musi di Wilayah Sebrang Ulu I dan II berada dalam kondisi buruk, terlihat dari hasil observasi yang menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas (lebih dari 70%) parameter berada pada indicator buruk (C). Serta hanya ditemukan satu biota air yaitu ikan. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan nilai TSS di kedua titik melebihi nilai standar normal, sedangkan nilai COD dan BOD masih di bawah nilai standar normal.Simpulan: Perairan Sungai Musi di Wilayah Sebrang Ulu I dan II, termasuk ke dalam kategori Buruk (C). Hal ini didasarkan hasil pemeriksaan habitat fisik sungai, pemeriksaan hewan biotilik Serta pemeriksaan kadar TSS, BOD dan COD. ABSTRACTTitle:Identification of thePhysicalHabitatandDiversityRiverBiotilikas Indicatorsof Water PollutionMusi RiverPalembangBackground: Rivers became one of the largest water supplier for the needs of living things that have important functions for human life. Musi River is a natural resource that is becoming one of the main lines of trade and the largest supplier of water for the residents of South Sumatra. But conditions have changed Musi River caused there are more residential and industrial. This activity will have an impact on the physical condition of the river as well as the habitat of aquatic animals that inhabit the waters. This study aims to identify the physical habitat of the river as well as the diversity biotilik as an indicator of pollution of the waters of the Musi River Palembang. Method: The assessment of water pollution is determined by observing the indicator of the river's physical habitat by looking at the baseline substrate characteristic indicator consisting of 6 (six) parameters and indicators of river health disturbance factor consisting of 12 (twelve) parameters and biotenic diversity of the river through invertebrate macro biota, using interview methods to the local community.Result: The results showed that the water quality of the waters of the Musi River in Sebrang Ulu I and II were in poor condition, visible from the observation showed that the majority (over 70%) the parameters that were in bad indicator (C). As well as just founded the water biota was fish. The laboratory result showes the value of TSS in the second point of exceeding the normal standard, while the COD and BOD values were still below the normal standard. Conclusion: The waters of the Musi River in Sebrang Ulu I and II are included in the Bad category (C). This is based on the results of examination of the river's physical habitat, examination of biotic animals and examination of TSS, BOD and COD levels
Upaya Peningkatan Sistem Pengelolaan Limbah Cair Terhadap Efektivitas Pengolahan Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dokter Kariadi Semarang Irawati, Estri; Wahyuningsih, Nur Endah; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 6, No 1 (2007): APRIL 2007
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.6.1.17 - 23

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Generally, hospital wastewater constitutes all matter from activity in hospital, that may contain microorganisme, poisonous  and radioactive material. The aim of this research was to analyze the efforts of management system improvement to the effectiveness of  wastewater treatment of Kariadi Hospital Semarang. Method: This research was an observational research with a cross sectional approach. Data was taken by three methods: observation in the area, interview, and also from the secondary data from hospital management. The data of wastewater quality was taken as a serial data from February until March 2007 for determining the quality after the program of management system improvement. A serial data of wastewater treatment waere taken  from January, March, May, August until December 2006 Result: The  result of this research  was focused to fulfill and improve the tools for effectiveness of management  and infrastructure, involving 20 kinds of jos.  In the fact,  only 60 % or 12 kinds of jobs can be well carried out. . The result of data analysis  proved  that the efforts of management system of  wastewater improvement could  be run effectively. Meanwhile the output of its investigation showed that  temperature parameter, PH, TSS, BOD, COD, NH3-N, phosfat and E-coli concentration is still under wastewater standard  stated by the government number 10, 2004. Conclusion: SWOT analytical describes that the organization favorable for  Installation of  tools  and sanition maintance in quadran II  and for  the position of stabilisation/rasionalisation to support the turn around strategy   Key words : The waste water treatment system management, Hospital
Analisis Paparan Kadmium, Besi, Dan Mangan Pada Air Terhadap Gangguan Kulit Pada Masyarakat Desa Ibul Besar Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sunarsih, Elvi; Faisya, Achmad Fickry; Windusari, Yuanita; Trisnaini, Inoy; Arista, Dini; Septiawati, Dwi; Ardila, Yustini; Purba, Imelda Gernauli; Garmini, Rahmi
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.17.2.68-73

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Air merupakan unsur yang vital dalam kehidupan manusia. Kualitas air bersih menurun akibat tingkah-laku manusia seperti sisa pembuangan pabrik-pabrik kimia/industri, zat-zat detergen, dan asam belerang.  Dampak dari terpaparnya air yang mengandung bahan kimia seperti kadmium, besi, dan mangan dapat menimbulkan efek gangguan terhadap kesehatan kronis maupun akut.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan teknik purposive sampling. Besar sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100 sampel.Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi rata-rata kadmium (Cd) 0,277 mg/L, besi (Fe) 0,414 mg/L, dan mangan (Mn) 0,213 mg/L masih memenuhi syarat Permenkes Nomor 32 Tahun 2017. Proporsi responden yang mengalami gangguan kulit sebanyak 45%. Variabel lama pajanan dan status alergi mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna (p value < 0,05), sedangkan variabel konsentrasi Cd, Fe, Mn, jenis kelamin, dan umur tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna (p>0,05) terhadap gangguan kulit.Simpulan : Konsentrasi rata-rata Cd, Fe, Mn masih memenuhi syarat Permenkes, tetapi belum memenuhi syarat fisik karena memiliki rasa dan berwarna keruh. Gangguan gatal pada kulit disebabkan lama pajanan terhadap air sungai dan status alergi responden. Perlu dilakukan upaya promotif dan edukasi seperti pembuatan pengolah air sederhana skala rumah tangga kepada masyarakat. ABSTRACTTitle: Analysis of Cadmium, Iron, and Manganese Exposure on Water Cause of Skin Disorders in Desa Ibul Besar Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan Kabupaten Ogan IlirBackground : Water is a vital element in human life. The quality of clean water decreases because of human behavior such as waste disposal of chemical / industrial plants, detergent, and sulfuric acid. The impact of exposure from water containing chemicals such as cadmium, iron, and manganese that cause chronic and acute health effects.Methods : This study used cross sectional study design with purposive sampling technique. There are 100 samples.Results : The results showed that the average concentration of cadmium (Cd) 0.277 mg / L, iron (Fe) 0.414 mg / L, and manganese (Mn) 0.213 mg / L still appropriate quality standard from Permenkes Number 32 Year 2017. The proportion of respondents got skin disorders 45%. The variables of exposure and allergic status had significant relationship (p value < 0.05). The concentration variables Cd, Fe, Mn, sex, and age had no significant relationship (p > 0.05) to skin disorders.Conclusion : The average concentrations of Cd, Fe, Mn still appropriate quality standard from Permenkes, but they are not appropriate the physical requirements because they have a taste and muddy. Itchy skin disorders are caused by exposure of river water and allergic status of respondents. It needs promotive and educational efforts such as making simple household water processing to the community. 
Kajian Manajemen Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Malaria di Daerah Endemis, Kecamatan Kakuluk Mesak, Kabupaten Belu Asa, Antonius Tae; Setiani, Onny; Raharjo, Mursid
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2005): OKTOBER 2005
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.4.2.49 - 54

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : Malaria is still endemic disease  in Indonesia, especially in Belu district. Many measures had been implemented to reduce malaria cases , but its rate is still quite high in any areas . The fluctuation of malaria cases were influenced by epidemiological and environmental factors. Prevention of malaria had been conducted simultaneously through clinical and environmental intervention. However, such intervention had no more impact, especially the environmental intervention. Such failure may be associated with the location of this area closed to the highest malaria rate (AMI) area in Belu District for four years later, namely : AMI 416/1000 population for year 2000, 527/1000 population for year 2001, 418/1000 population for year 2002, 468/1000 population for year 2003, and  it rose tobe  493/1000 population for the year of 2004. Based on this fact, this study was conducted to study  the environmental management related to the occurrence of malaria  in endemic areas in working area of  Atapupu Health Centre, Belu District. Furthermore, the study would  also analyze the impact  of vector and its larva. Method : This was a qualitative research using secondary data of the environmental management measure. The subject of this research was the malaria programmer and health worker who responsible for malaria program.  They were the Head of Public Health Centre, laboratory technician, Co-assistant of entomologist. The program measures would be studied in this research focusing on planning of malaria program, the malaria control measure, collecting and reporting of data, and monitoring – evaluation. Result : Measures had been conducted for reducing malaria cases in Atapupu Health Center through fogging,  mosquito netting by medical officials without involving related sector. Monitoring and evaluating have been conducted just through data collection and reporting the rate of cases which was found  in Passive Case Detection activities, while monitoring and evaluation for the change of environmental condition that caused the growth of vector density had not  been conducted  yet. In implementing malaria program, the health center had not organized in integrated way yet, not so focus and systematic. Conclusion: Environmental management in malaria control program has not implemented well yet. So that malaria cases is still increase in the working area of Atapupu Health Center, Belu District.   Key Words : Environmental management, malaria incidence, malaria program.

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