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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Articles 318 Documents

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Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Semut sebagai Predator Hama Tanaman Padi di Lahan Sawah Organik dan Anorganik Kecamatan Karanganom Kabupaten Klaten Adhi, Siska Lesiana; Hadi, Mochamad; Tarwotjo, Udi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 2, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Ants potentially as predators that become natural enemies of insect pests in rice fields with paddy cultivation. This study aims to know the diversity and abundance of ants, the role of ants, the population of ants, and the influence of physical and chemical factors in organic and inorganic rice fields. The ants were collected using pit fall trap method with insect bait, fish meat, and sugar solution. The results showed that the number of species and the number of individuals in organic rice fields was higher (429 individuals, 11 species) than inorganic rice fields (193 individuals, 10 species). In general, the index of diversity in organic rice fields was higher (ranging from 0.73 to 1.65) compared to inorganic rice fields (ranging from 0 to 1.28). The index of evenness in organic rice fields ranged from 0.63 to 0.99 (evenly distributed), whereas in inorganic rice fields ranged from 0 to 0.99 (uneven until evenly distributed). The dominant ants in organic rice fields were Camponotus sp, Solenopsis geminata, Anoplolepis gracilipes, and Paratrechina longicornis, whereas in the inorganic rice fields were Tapinoma sp, Solenopsis geminata, and Camponotus sp. The index of similarity between organic and inorganic rice fields showed a high and very high degree of similarity based on the type of feed. Physical factors of high soil and air humidity environment, high soil and air temperature increased the diversity and abundance of ants in the rice fields ecosystem. Factors soil pH in accordance with the growth of soil Arthropods were neutral or slightly acidic. Chemical factors of organic matter content, Nitrogen (N), the content of C organic, and a high P total content increased the diversity and abundance of ants.Â Keywords: diversity and abundance, ants, organic and inorganic rice fields

Skreening Potensi Antibakteri pada Beberapa Spesies Rumput Laut terhadap Bakteri Patogen pada Udang Windu Izzati, Munifatul -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 09, No. 2, Tahun 2007
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Antibacterial activity of several local seaweeds has been screened. Most of these seaweeds species showantibacterial properties against pathogenic bacteria from species of Vibrio and Pseudomonas. The activity ofseaweeds extracts were determined by type of solvent used in extraction. Respond of each pathogenic bacteria werealso different to each type of extract. Most seaweeds show stronger activity against Pseudomonas rather than Vibrio.Caulerpa and Padina were more active against Pseudomonas compared to Sargassum and Gelidium. Compared toother seaweeds, Sargassum and Gelidium were more active against Vibrio. It is predicted that Sargassum is the themost suitable to be used in polyculture with tiger shrimp (Peneaus monodon), as this is the most active against themost dangerous pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio harveyi. Beside that, the active component of Sargassum is solved inwater, therefore will be easier to diffuse into shrimp pond.

Pengaruh Waktu Fermentasi Teh Kombucha Kadar 50% Terhadap Tebal Dinding Dan Diameter Lumen Arteria Koronaria Tikus Putih Isdadiyanto, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The objective of this study was to analyze the influences of 50% kombucha tea level on wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery in rats. Sixteen male Rattus norvegicus rats, 2 months of age were used as experimental animals, with treatment kombucha tea that has been fermented for 6, 9 and 12 days at the temperature of 25oC per oral. The research design used to a completely randomized with 4 treatment (for 4 weeks) and 4 replications, i.e., P0 = control, without of kombucha tea, P1 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 6 days in the morning and afternoon, P2 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 9 days in morning and afternoon, P3 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 12 days in morning and afternoon. Variables measured were wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Duncan test at 95% confidence level were performed using SPSS version 10,0. The result showed that kombucha tea did not influences the wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery in rats.Â Key words:Â Â Rattus norvegicus, 50% kombucha tea level, wall thickness, lumen diameter, coronary artery

Kinetika Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Inulinase Fusan F7 Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih; Dewi, Kumala; Indrianto, Ari
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Pertumbuhan dapat diartikan sebagai suatu pertambahan bagian-bagian sel. AdanyaÂ Â Â Â pertumbuhan sel biasanya dapat diketahui dengan adanya pertambahan ukuran danÂ Â Â Â pembelahan sel. Populasi sel khususnya mikrobaÂ secara kuantitatif atau kualitatif dapat digunakan untuk memantau atau mengkaji fenomena pertumbuhan.Enzim inulinase (E.C. 3.2.1.7) adalah enzim yang mampu merombak substrat inulin menjadi monomer fruktosa. Fruktosa merupakan bahan baku (doctoring agent) untuk prosesÂ pembuatan FOS, IOS, pulullan, aseton dan sorbitol.TujuanÂ penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinetika kecepatan pertumbuhan specifik (Âµ), waktu generasi (g) dan aktivitas inulinase yang dihasilkan oleh fusan F7.Â Fusan F7 merupakan hasil fusi antara Pichia manshurica dan Rhodosporidium paludigenum.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fusan F7 mempunyai kecepatan pertumbuhan specific (Âµ)Â sebesar 0.3299 jam dengan waktu generasi (g) 2.1012 jam dan aktivitas enzim inulinase yang dihasilkan sebesarÂ 0.5337 IU. Hasil tersebutÂ terletak diantara kedua parentalnya yaitu P. manshurica (Âµ= 0.27935 jam; g = 2.4815 jam dan aktivitas = 0.557 IU) dan Rh. paludigenum (Âµ= 0.3787 jam; g = 1.8304 jam dan aktivitas = 0.3263 IU).Â Kata kunci : Pertumbuhan;Â fusan F7; inulinase ; umbi dahlia

Perbandingan Kualitas Daging Itik Magelang, Itik Pengging Dan Itik Tegal Hidayati, Nuke Nur; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah; Isdadiyanto, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Local ducks in Indonesia there was several kinds, for example Tegal ducks, Magelang ducks and Pengging duck each having morphology different of duck. Research on the quality meat of ducks that includes ash content, water content, carbohydrate content, fat content, protein content, and muscle cell diameter of femoral ducks important to know quality meat of each duck. This study aimed to analyzed the differences types of ducks on the chemical content of meat and femoral muscle histology of diameter cell at Tegal ducks, Magelang ducks and Pengging ducks. Ducks were used in this study maintained in the Central Breeding and Raising Ducks Work Unit Non Ruminant Livestock Banyubiru, Ambarawa. The duck six month old was analyzed chemical content of meat and measuring diameter of femoral muscle cells. Duck samples taken from three different types of ducks that Tegal duck,Pengging duck and Magelang duck, of each type of sample taken many ducks as 6 tails. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If the data were analyzed contained a real difference, continued by the Least Significant Differences Test (LSDT) at 95% confidence level. The results showed that no significant difference in all variables, from the result has been concluded that differences type of ducks not affect the chemical contents of duck meat and diameter of femoral muscle cells.Â Keywords: Local Ducks in Central Java, Quality of Meat, Muscle Cell Diameter Femoral Ducks.

Pengaruh Pemberian Fermentasi Kotoran Ayam Roti Afkir Dan Ampas Tahu Dalam Media Kultur Massal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Nutrisi Daphnia sp Nailulmuna, Zumalallail; Pinandoyo, P; Herawati, Vivi Endar
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Daphnia sp. is one kind of natural food that has many advantages. Some advantages of Daphnia sp. is a high nutrient content, according to the size suitable for fish larvae, and the provision of Daphnia sp. in the form of life does not cause a decrease in water quality. Nutrition content on the Daphnia sp. became from the suspended organic and the bacteria which was obtained from the fertilizer that added to the culture media. This research was aimed to found out the effect of fermented quail feces, bread waste, and tofu and determine the best treatment to generate the biomass growth, and the nutrition content of the Daphnia sp.This research used laboratory animals such as Daphnia sp. and a container of concrete tanks as many as four. The methods of this research was used experimental methods with Complete Randomize Design with 4 treatments and population count repetition as 3 times with the density of the Daphnia sp. was 100 ind./l. Treatments of this research were Tretment AÂ (0 %Â chicken mannure, 50 % tofu waste and 50 % bread waste), B (25 % chicken mannure, 50 % tofu waste and 25 % bread waste),Â C (25 % chicken mannure, 25 % tofu waste and 50 % bread waste, D (50 % chicken mannure, 25 % tofu waste and 25 % bread waste) with the total amount of the combination was 200 g/l. Data which observed were population density, biomass, and nutrition content. The results showed that the treatment of A was the lowest population density valued 548.67 ind / ml and the highest population density was on C treatment with a density of 1328.67 ind / ml at the peak of the stationary phase. Biomass in treatment C resulted in 336.30 grams and the treatment A yield 82.64 grams, and the content of nutrients with the highest protein is found in the C treatment with a value of 66.80%.Â Keywords :Daphnia sp.;chicken manure; tofu waste; bread waste; fermentation

Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair tehadap Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L) Setiyowati, Setiyowati; Haryanti, Sri; Hastuti, Rini Budi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12, No. 2, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Shallot is one an important of vegetable comodity, both in economic value and nutrition ingredients. One of an effort to support the increasing of shallot yield with plantation technology by giving organic liquid fertilizer. The experiment we studied to find out the effect of organic liquid fertilizer with different consentration on yield of shallot. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design consisted 6 consentration of organic liquid fertilizer 0 ml/L (P0), 1 ml/L (P1), 2 ml/L (P2), 3 ml/L (P3), 4 ml/L (P4), 5 ml/L (P5) with 4 replication. The results show that consentration of 4 ml/L organic liquid fertilizer is increas the number of bulb and consentratin of 5 ml/L is increas in tuber wet weight.

Struktur Komunitas Makrobentos Pada Kawasan Budidaya dan Non Budidaya Di Pulau Tembelas, Kabupaten Karimun Kepuluan Riau Prahmawaty, Raden Faradhiva; Putro, Sapto punomo; Hariyati, Riche
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The macrobenthos community structure of living organisms in aquatic base, can function as a bioindicator of changes in aquatic environments, are sensitive to any disturbance of environmental changes within a waters. This research aims to determine the effect of different structures of macrobenthos communities in the cultivation environment and noncultivation environment. The research was conducted for 4 months on Tembelas island in 2 areas that were monoculture cultivation and reference area. Abiotic data obtained were substrate grain analysis and total organic analysis of carbon and nitrogen, as well as abiotic environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The biotic data obtained in the form of macrobenthos species that were found and the amount in the area was then calculated using non parametric index that were the level of diversity, eveness and abundance, and T test. The identification result showed the number of species found as many as 24 species in the monoculture location and 42 species at the reference location. Dominant species found in monoculture locations were Costoanachis sp and Anodontia sp. dominant species found in the reference sites were Nuculana sp and Ellobium sp. Shannon-Wiener (H') diversity index value at monoculture location was 2,43, while reference index value index had bigger index value 2,83. The abiotic quality of monoculture and reference aquatic environments was categorized as good. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that reference environment had better macrobenthos diversity value than monoculture environment.Â Keywords: Makrobenthos, Monoculture, Reference Environment

Kemampuan Fusan F1 Dalam Memproduksi Inulinase Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih; Dewi, Kumala; Indrianto, Ari
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 16, No.2, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Fusan F1 was the result of the fusion of the Pichia manshurica and Rhodosporidium paludigenum. The second type of yeast has the ability to produce inulinase.Â Inulinase (EC. 3.2.1.7) is an enzyme that is classified as a hydrolase enzyme, this enzyme has the ability to break down complex inulin into simpler components that fructose. Fructose was a monosaccharide with huge potential for the manufacture of butanol, iOS, pullan, FOS and ethanol. The purpose of research to determine the ability fusan F1 in producing inulinase and to determine the specific growth rate (Î¼), as well as the generation time (g) fusan F1.The results showed that fusan F1 at the 18 thhour was able to produce inulinase of 0.61 mol / min. These results are higher than the parental namely P. manshurica (0.56 mol / min) and Rh. paludigenum (0.33 mol / min). While The specific growth rate (Î¼) and generation time (g) fusan F1 respecly 0.25 h and 2.7/ h. Keywords: Fusan F1; inulinase; the specific growth; generation time

Produksi dan Profil Metabolit Bunga Krisan (Chrysanthemum sp.) pada Intensitas Cahaya Lampu LED dengan Durasi Yang Berbeda Utami, Ika Nur; Nurchayati, Yulita; Hastuti, Endah Dwi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Chrysanthemum is a Short Day Plant (SDP) that will flower if the day length is less than 12 hours. Indonesian Chrysanthemum farmers provide additional light at night to maintain the Chrysanthemumâ€™s vegetative phase so obtained the stem length which accordance to the cut flower standard (Â±76 cm). In other side, Chrysanthemum flowers are known has contain metabolites product andÂ potentially useful. This study is purpose to determine the effect of differences in LED light intensity and light exposure duration on growth, flower production, and metabolites profile of chrysanthemum. The study used a RAL method 3x2 factorial pattern which is in the form of giving an additional light intensity of 0 W, 10 W and 20 W and an additional light exposure duration of 2 hrs and 4 hrs. The results showed that the combination of 20 W + 4 hrs is optimaly increases the stem length (96,2 cm) and flowers diameter (6,6 cm). The 20 W light intensity is optimally inhibits the flower initiation and increases the amount of flower. The most compounds produced by chrysanthemum are from fatty acid groups, then hydrocarbons, and diterpenes. The combination of 10 W + 4 hrs is an optimally increases flower metabolites production that produces the most compounds compared to other treatments.

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