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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25982370     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education
BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 318 Documents
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Distribusi dan Kemelimpahan Meiofauna di Hulu Sungai Code Yogyakarta Hariyati, Riche -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 09, No. 2, Tahun 2007
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (52.206 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.9.2.34-37

Abstract

This research is aimed to study distribution and abundance of meiofauna and the quality of physicochemicalcharacteristics of uppersite of code river and up stream river code Yogyakarta province. Samples weretaken using modified Pysto style corer and were located based on habitat types specific river, which are pool, riffle,rapid, left side and right side of water column. Sample taken four times for each zone. The parameter of for waterquality measured were dissolved oxygen. Water current, alkalinity and pHResult from the analysis showed that the abundance of meiofauna at code river the highest at left side zone.Which was 537.806 individu/m3 with relative abundance was 28,09% result from physico chemical parameter ofdissolved oxygenbetween 5,44 ppm – 6,0 ppm, alkalinity 20 ppm – 25 ppm , pH 7,10 – 7,18.and watercurrenntmeasured between 0,03 m/sec – 0,49 m/sec. The abundance of meiofauna at code river was dominated bygroup of Nematodes horizontal distribution of the fauna was the widest for Nematodes ostracoda, Rhizopoda andinsecta. Physico chemicalquality of code river water was relative good for meiofauna habitat and other waterorganisms
Keanekaragaman dan Kemelimpahan Jenis Tumbuhan Invasif di Hutan Wisata Penggaron Kabupaten Semarang Jawa Tengah Utami, Sri; Murningsih, M
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (160.649 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.20.2.100-104

Abstract

Forests are ecosystems that have very potential natural resources, including storing high genetic resources. One of the things that threatens the decline of genetic resources in the forest is the presence of invasive species. This study aims to determine the species of invasive plants and their abundance in the Penggaron tourism forest of Ungaran Regency, Central Java. The research method was carried out by exploring the entire forest area through the path. The results of the study showed that 13 species of invasive plants were included in 7 families. The most number of invasive plants from the Poaceae family include 5 species : Axonopus Compressus, Cynodon dactylon, Pennisetum purpureum, Paspalum conjugatum and Eleusine indica. The highest relative abundance was Eleusine indica and was followed by Synedrella nodiflora, Elephantopus scaber and Paspalum conjugatum. The species of invasive plants, especially the abundant ones, need to be controlled by the population so as not to threaten native plants and cause environmental degradation in Penggaron tourism forests. Key word : Invansive plant, Penggaron tourism forest, genetic resources.
Pelacakan Gen Sitokrom Oksidase Sub Unit I (COI) DNA Mitokondria Itik Tegal (Anas domesticus) Menggunakan Primer Universal Wibowo, Sarwo Edi; Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.965 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.15.1.20-26

Abstract

Currently local ducks are generally quite difficult to find in a big farm in Inonesia, including Tegal ducks. Tegal ducks is one of the genetic resources native to Indonesia with it’s advantages in terms of high and large egg production. Conservation and development of local ducks have strived to maintain our existence of Indonesian livestock germplasm. If such information is not superior to native species exist, the opportunity to increase his lead further also getting smaller. Tracking the mitochondrial COI gene DNA of Tegal ducks may underlie the process of an organism's genetic characterization. Information about Tegal duck mitochondrial DNA has not been done. The information obtained can be used for optimization of duck products native to Indonesia both in physiological aspects, phylogeny and genetic engineering. The research method used in this research is tracking COI gene data from Gen Bank with the programs Clustal X and Genedoc. Tracking then continued using universal primers HCO and LCO. The results of the data followed up with the isolation and amplification of COI gene mitochondrial DNA as well as the optimization of PCR conditions. The results showed mitochondrial DNA COI gene Tegal ducks were amplified with primer LCO obtain DNA fragments of length less than 250 bp. Kata kunci: duck’s from Tegal, COI gene, mitochondrial DNA
Variasi Karakter Morfologi Cyrtodactylus marmoratus Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) dari Pulau Jawa Wiradarma, Huda; Baskoro, Karyadi; Hadi, Mochamad; Hamidy, Amir; Riyanto, Awal
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (862.804 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.21.2.173-184

Abstract

Cyrtodactylus marmoratus is one of the first species described by Gray in 1831 on the island of Java that believed to have a variation of morphologic characters that not yet complete to revealed. This research aimed to develop any variation characters possessed by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus. The character morphology, morphometric, and meristic follow the statement of Hartmann (2016). Data were collected in August to November in the Lab. Herpetology MZB (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense) LIPI (The Indonesian Institute of Sciences). Variation characters possessed  by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, there are 4 Characters Morphology: Head Morph (HM), Patern Morph on the Body (PtrM), Post Cloacal Tubercles (PCT), and second post mental (PM2); a Morphometry Characters is snout-vent Length (SVL); and 12 characters Meristic are: Precloacal Pores (PP), Precloaco-femoral Pores (PFP), Enlarged Precloaco-femoral Scales (EPFS), Ventral Scales (VS), Paravertebral Tubercles (PVT), Dorsal Tubercles (DTR), Lamella Under Toe-IV (LT4), Lamella Under Toe-V (LT5), Lamella Under Finger-III (LF3), Lamella Finger-IV (LF4), Femoral Pores Left (FPL), Femoral Pores Right (FPR).
Glikogen Otot Rangka Ayam Broiler (Gallus gallus) setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha dalam Air Minum Fathoni, Nasrul; Djaelani, M Anwar; Isdadiyanto, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (77.725 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.20.2.78-85

Abstract

Kombucha tea beverage obtained by fermenting sweetened green tea for 12 days with Acetobacter xylinum and Saccharomyces which produce various kinds of organic acids, vitamins, and acts as a probiotic. The role of kombucha tea as a growth promoter is to that improve the metabolic process in the digestion of broiler chickens, so that nutrients can and fulfilled optimally for growth and development. The aim of this research was to analyze the sceletal muscle glycogen glycogen (Gallus gallus) after treat with kombucha tea in drinking water. Kombucha tea used is the result of fermentation of green tea for 12 days. This research used DOC chickens (Day Old Chicken) as much as 20 randomly divided into 4 treatments with concentration ie 0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% kombucha tea in drinking water for 32 days. The variables measured were skeletal muscle glycogen levels, body weight, feed consumption and drink consumption. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan Test with 95% confidence level using SPSS 17.0 software. The results of this study showed that kombucha tea on skeletal muscle glycogen and feed consumption showed no significant difference, while on body weight and drink consumption showed significantly different results. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that giving kombucha tea in drinking water to a concentration of 40% has not been able to affect the skeletal muscle glycogen in broiler chickens. Key words: Kombucha tea, broiler chicken, glycogen skeletal muscle
Struktur Komunitas Odonata di Kawasan Wana Wisata Curug Semirang Kecamatan Ungaran Barat, Semarang Irawan, Frendi; Hadi, Mochamad; Tarwotjo, Udi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (116.087 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.19.1.69-75

Abstract

Dragonflies role as a predator in an ecosystem and become a healthy aquatic bio-indicators related to the life cycle. The diversity of habitat, food and predators affect community structure dragonfly. This study aims to determine the composition and community structure dragonfly morning and afternoon as well as the relationship with the physical environmental factors on four habitat in Semirang waterfall. Research using transect Point Count method. Statistically, the biodiversity of odonata in each habitat is significantly different. The results shows there are 15 species from 10 Family in morning observations and 12 species of 6 Family in afternoon observations, with a total of 17 species of 10 family of odonata. Biodiversity in each station is low to moderately with high evenness. The highest abundance found in river habitat without the canopy during the afternoon that Vestalis luctuosa (61.29%), while the lowest abundance found in the the canopied river habitat when afternoon that is Drepanosticta spatulifera (1.33%). Common species at area of Semirang waterfall are Euphaea variegata, Orthetrum sabina and Vestalis luctuosa. Endemic species at area of Semirang waterfall are Heliocypha fenestrata, Drepanosticta spatulifera and D. sundana. Key words : Community structure, Odonata, Semirang waterfall
Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Hawar Daun Tanaman Kentang Dengan Agens Hayati Jamur-jamur Antagonis Isolat Lokal Purwantisari, Susiana -; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti; Raharjo, Budi -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10, No. 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1981.199 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.10.2.51-57

Abstract

Penyakit hawar daun tanaman kentang atau yang oleh petani di Kedu, Wonosobo disebut Lodoh merupakanpenyakit yang paling serius di antara penyakit dan hama yang menyerang tanaman kentang di Indonesia. Penyakitlodoh ini disebabkan oleh serangan jamur patogen ganas Phytophthora infestans yang dapat menurunkan produksikentang hingga 90% dari total produksi kentang dalam waktu yang amat singkat. Sampai saat ini kapang patogenpenyebab penyakit busuk batang dan daun tanaman kentang tersebut masih merupakan masalah krusial dan belumada fungisida yang benar-benar efektif terhadap penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoleksi danmengidentifikasi jamur-jamur tanah isolat lokal yang bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen penyebab penyakit busukdaun dan umbi tanaman kentang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab penyakit busuk daun dan umbitanaman kentang di daerah sentra pembibitan tanaman kentang di Kedu Temanggung Jawa Tengah adalahPhytophthora infestans. Terdapat 17 isolat jamur isolat lokal yang dapat diisolasi dari tanah di sentra pembibitantanaman kentang tersebut. Dari 17 isolat jamur ini dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok isolat yang berbedamorfologi koloninya. Pengamatan secara mikroskopis menunjukkan bahwa dari 4 kelompok jamur tanah tersebutadalah dari marga Trichoderma spp, Aspergillus sp, Penicillium sp dan Phytophthora infestans.
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Asam Laktat yang Di Isolasi Dari Saluran Pencernaan Ayam Lokal Untuk Pembuatan VCO Secara Fermentasi Khotimah, Husnul; Baniyah, Laelatul; Hanafi, Imam; Wardani, Permadi Wisnu Aji; Sari, Saskia Maisi Monika; Nur Jannah, Siti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (143.82 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.20.1.35-39

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara tropis yang memiliki banyak pulau dan merupakan negara produsen kelapa utama di dunia. .Pada tahun 2014 luas areal perkebuan tanaman kelapa di dunia mencapai 11 juta ha dan 93% berada di wilayah Asia Pasifik. Hal ini merupakan peluang untuk pengembangan kelapa menjadi aneka produk yang bermanfaat. Salah satu pemanfaatan kelapa dalam bidang kesehatan dalam upaya mendukung visi Indonesia sehat 2015 adalah dengan adanya VCO (virgin coconut oli). Proses pembuatan VCO adalah dengan cara fermentasi tidak mengalami proses pemanasan dan difermentasi dengan menggunakan bakteri asam laktat hasil dari isolasi pada saluran pencernaan ayam lokal, sehingga VCO yang dihasilkan memiliki kualitas yang baik. Berdasarkan uji fisik (uji viskositas) menunjukkan sampel H dengan isolat BUB 3 bahwa nilai viskositas sebesar 58,4325 Pa.s dan densitas 937,5 Kg/m3. Pada uji kimia (uji asam lemak bebas) didapatkan hasil kadar asam lemak bebas sampel H (BUB 3) dengan paling mendekati kadar asam lemak bebas menurut  SNI 7381 tahun 2008 tentang VCO yaitu kadar asam lemak bebas maksimal dalam VCO adalah sebesar 0,2%. Sedangkan berdasarkan uji hasil pengujian organoleptik dari 11 koresponden didapatkan hasil bahwa tingkat kesukaan dari koresponden terhadap tekstur dari sampel VCO yaitu 7, yang berarti suka. Tingkat kesukaan terhadap aroma dari sampel VCO yaitu 7, yang berarti suka. Tingkat kesukaan terhadap rasa dari sampel VCO yaitu 5, yang berarti netral. Sedangkan tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna dari sampel VCO yaitu 5, yang berarti netral dan menunjukkan kualitas VCO yang didapatkan baik. Kata kunci: VCO, BAL, saluran pencernaan ayam, fermentasi
Diversitas Kapang Serasah Daun Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) Di Kawasan Desa Sukolilo Barat, Kecamatan Labang, Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madur Miranti, Arum Krisna; Rukmi, MG Isworo; Suprihadi, Agung
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 16, No.2, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (182.403 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.16.2.58-64

Abstract

Leaf litter is one kind of substrate which is good for mold’s growth because of its organic matters content particularly cellulose. Research on mold diversity on Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) leaf litter which grow abundance at Sukolilo Barat Village, Labang Subdistrict, Bangkalan, Madura was conducted in order to determined the diversity and to isolate xerophilic mold as well as to examined the enzymatic activity of the isolates. The isolation has been done by direct and indirect method on DG18 agar, MEA, and OA from three samples which is taken purposively. The enzyme activities observed were cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic at 310C temperature. The results showed that 24 isolates found were come from 3 genus i.e. Aspergillus, Curvularia and Fusarium. The Aspergillus was the largest number found. The Shannon-Wiener Index of Diversity showed that the diversity of three leaf litter samples categorized medium. The highest cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic activity at 310C incubation were showed by A. tamarii (ISM 1), A.aculeatus (ISM 10) , A. terreus sp. 3 (ISM 17) respectively. Keywords : Diversity, mold, talok litter leaf, Madura
Efek Pemberian Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica) Terhadap Diameter Hepatosit Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Kusuma, Alfana Bagus; Saraswati, Tyas Rini; Sitasiwi, Agung Janika
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1298.081 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.21.2.106-113

Abstract

Neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) was known as infertility herb. Neem leaf contain of flavonoid compounds which inhibit the damage of cell. This research aimed to examine the effect of neem leaf on hepotocyte and liver lobules diameter. The total of labolatory animals in this research were 12 male Rattus novergicus. This research was conducted by using the Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The animal was treated by neem leaf extracted with 12, 16, and 20 mg/animal/day (PO, P1, P2, P3) respectively. The treatment was treated during 14 days. The liver was made as histological slide by using HE stain with 3-4 µ in thickness. The observed parameters were hepatocyte diameter, liver lobules diameter, the final body weight and liver weight. Data here analyzed by ANOVA test. All the analysis were performed with 5% significant level. The results showed that the giving of neem leaf extract had no significant effects (p>0.05) on hepatocyte diameter, liver lobules diameter, liver weight and final body weight. It could be concluded that the giving of ethanolic neem leaves extract with 20 mg/animal/day for 14 days did not affect the hepatocyte diameter, liver diameter, liver weight and final body weight

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