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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 3 (2019)" : 12 Documents clear
Multilevel Analysis on the Contextual Effect of Village on the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Dengue Fever in Grobogan, Central Java Sari, Ambar; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. DHF is an endemic disease in more than 100 countries. There were 728 cases of DHF and 8 cases of death in Grobogan, Central Java, in 2017. The purpose of this study was to examine the contextual effect of the village on the incidence of DHF.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted in Grobogan, Central Java, from November to December 2018. A sample of 200 study subjects was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was DHF. The independent variables were the presence of water shelter, ponds, farmland, mosquito larvae, hanging clothes, house density, eradication of mosquito nest, education, and employment. The data were collected by questionnaire and observation. The data were analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression.Results: Existence of water shelter (b= 4.53; 95% CI= 1.29 to 7.76; p= 0.006), ponds (b= 2.71; 95% CI= 0.26 to 5.17; p= 0.030), farm land (b = 3.40; 95% CI = 0.52 to 6.28; p= 0.021), mosquito larvae (b= 3.45; 95% CI= 0.61 to 6.29; p= 0.017), hanging clothes (b= 2.39; 95% CI= 0.23 to 4.56; p= 0.030), and house density (b= 5.55; 95% CI= 1.59 to 9.51; p= 0.006), increased the risk of DHF.  Education ≥senior high school (b= -4.79; 95% CI= -8.44 to -1.13; p= 0.010), employed (b= - 5.36; 95% CI= -9.22 to -1.49; p= 0.006), and exposed to DHF mosquito nest eradication program (b= -4.31; 95% CI= -7.64 to -0.97; p= 0.011) decreased the risk of DHF. Village environment had strong contextual effect on DHF with ICC= 51.33%.Conclusion: Existence of water shelter, ponds, farmland, mosquito larvae, hanging clothes, and house density, increase the risk of DHF.  Education ≥senior high school, employed and exposed to DHF mosquito nest eradication program decrease the risk of DHF. Village environment has a strong contextual effect on DHF.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, environmental factors, eradication of mosquito nests, village strata, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Ambar Sari. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: ambarsari69.as@gmail.com. Mobile: +625647847180; 08562623045Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 156-170https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.02
The Contextual Effect of Village on Health Preventive Behavior for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pati, Central Java Fatimah, Nurul; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that has emerged to become a major public health issue and can result in death. Various efforts have been made as an attempt to empower the community in dengue preventive behavior, but has not yet reached the optimal result. This study aimed to examine the effect of the village on the health preventive behavior for dengue hemorrhagic fever in Pati, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted in Pati, Central Java, in November 2018. A sample of 225 household heads was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was DHF preventive behavior. The independent variables were education, access to information, knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, community health behavior, social capital, and villages. Data on DHF status was measured by medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: DHF preventive behavior improved with high education (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.04 to 1.70; p= 0.040), good knowledge (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.06 to 1.67; p= 0.036), strong self efficacy (b= 0.87; 95 % CI= 0.06 to 1.68; p= 0.036), good access to information (b= 1.98; 95% CI= 1.06 to 2.87; p <0.001), positive attitude (b= 1.40; 95% CI= 0.55 to 2.25; p= 0.001), good community behavior in DHF prevention (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.02 to 1.70; p= 0.045), and strong social capital (b= 1.07; 95% CI= 0.26 to 1.89; p= 0.010). Village had strong contextual effect on DHF prevention behavior with ICC= 20.30%.Conclusion: DHF preventive behavior improves with high education, good knowledge, strong self-efficacy, good access to information, positive attitude, good community behavior in DHF prevention, and strong social capital. The village has a strong contextual effect on DHF prevention behavior.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, preventive behavior, village, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Nurul Fatimah. Masters Program in Public Health.Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: nurul.fatimah00049@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281329501844.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 198-204https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.07
Logistic Regression on Factors Affecting Depression among the Elderly Wahyuningsih, Christiana Sri; Subijanto, Achmad Arman; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Mental health problems, especially depression, have a major impact on the elderly. Depression is a major contributor to the burden of disease globally which can cause suicide. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence depression in the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. It was conducted from October to December 2018. A total of 200 elderly was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were income, history of chronic illness, family function, social interaction, social support, social isolation, and loneliness. Data on depression was measured by Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of depression in elderly increased with history of chronic illness (OR= 8.03; 95% CI= 1.48 to 43.42; p= 0.016), social isolation (OR= 6.05; 95% CI= 1.41 to 25.98; p= 0.015), and loneliness (OR= 7.14; 95% CI= 1.62 to 31.41; p= 0.009). It decreased with high income (OR= 0.14; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.60; p= 0.008), strong family function (OR= 0.13; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.67; p= 0.014), strong social interaction (OR= 0.11; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.48; p= 0.003), and strong social support (OR= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.65; p= 0.011).Conclusion: The risk of depression in the elderly increases with a history of chronic illness, social isolation, and loneliness. It decreases with high income, strong family function, strong social interaction, and strong social support.Keywords: depression, elderly, income, chronic illness, family function, social factors, lonelinessCorrespondence: Christiana Sri Wahyuningsih. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email:anachristi19@gmail.com.Mobile: +6281287783924.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019, 4(3): 171-179https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.03
The Correlation of Age with Uric Acid in Kadipiro, Surakarta Nurhayati, Yeti; Umarianti, Tresia
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism. Purines (adenine and guanine) are nucleic acid contituents. Purine rotation occurs continuously in the body along with the synthesis and decomposition of DNA and RNA, although there is no intake of purine, a substantial amount of uric acid will still be formed. Uric acid is synthesized mainly in the liver by the xanthine oxidase enzyme. This study aimed to examine the correlation of age with uric acid.Subjects and method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Gambirsari Health Center, Kadipiro Village, Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java. A sample of 50 gout patients was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was uric acid. The independent variable was age. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation.Results: There was a correlation between age and uric acid (r= 0.37; p= 0.009).Conclusion: There is a correlation between age and uric acid.Keywords: gout, age, uric acidCorrespondence: Yeti Nurhayati. Nursery Study Program, School of Health Sciences Kusuma Husada, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: yeti_nurhayati234@yahoo.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 180-182https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.04
Effectiveness of Larva Monitoring Training on Knowledge of Dengue Hemorragic Fever Control among Primary School Students in Sibolga, North Sumatera Damanik, Wandi; Nurmaini, Nurmaini; Rochadi, Kintoko
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is one of the most important public health problems in tropical developing countries. It also has major economic and societal consequences. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of larva monitoring training on knowledge of dengue hemorrhagic fever control among primary school students in Sibolga, North Sumatera.Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experiment before and after with no controlled design. The study was conducted in elementary school in Sibolga, North Sumatera, in 2018. A sample of 30 students was selected for this study and received training on DHF for four days. The training employed leaflet and video. The dependent variable was know­ledge. The independent variable was training on DHF. The data were collected by questionnaire and tested by t-test.Results: Knowledge of DHF among students increased by mean= 26.67 (SD= 14.51) after training, and it was statistically significant (p= 0.037).Conclusion: Knowledge of DHF among students increases after training, and it is statistically significant.Keywords: training, knowledge, dengue hemorrhagic fever.Correspondence: Wandi Damanik. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Universitas No. 21. Kampus USU, Medan 20115, Indonesia. Email: wandidamanik4981@gmail.com. Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 183-188https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.05
Determinants of Recurrence and Death in HIV-Malaria Co-Infection Patients in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia Winiarti, Dian; Mudigdo, Ambar; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is one of the important public health problems in the world which causes death of more than 35 million people annually. HIV infection is often associated with several comorbidities caused by the presence of endemic infectious diseases in certain regions, one of them is malaria. Analyzing the survival of HIV / AIDS patients malaria coinfection is based on risk factors for recurrence and death due to malaria. This study aimed to examine the determinants of recurrence and death in HIV-malaria co-infection patients in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the VCT room at Dok II Regional General Hospital, Jayapura, Papua Province, Indonesia, from May to June 2018. A sample of 183 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was recurrence. The independent variables were drug taking adherence, nutritional status, economic status, use of mosquito nets, spraying residues in the house, healthy hygiene behavior, co-infection with malaria. The data were obtained from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed using path analysis.Results: The risk of recurrence in PLWH co-infected with malaria decreased with ARV treatment adherence (b= -2.17; 95% CI= -3.24 to -1.09; p<0.001) and compliance with Cotrimoxazole treatment (> 95 %) (b= -1.88; 95% CI= -2.58 to -1.19; p<0.001). The risk of recurrence in PLWHA co-infected with malaria increased with low income <Rp 2,000,000 (b= 3.06; 95% CI= 2.04 to 4.07; p <0.001), poor health behavior (mean <5) (b= 1.66;  95% CI= 0.92 to 2.40; p<0.001), poor nutritional status (b= 2.10; 95% CI= 1.44 to 2.76; p<0.001), and did not use bed nets (b= 0.73; 95% CI= 0.16 to 1.29; p= 0.011). The risk of death in PLWHA coinfected with malaria decreased with ARV treatment adherence (> 95%) (b= -2.08; 95% CI= -3.02 to -1.14; p<0.001) and healthy behavior (mean> 5) (b= -1.43; 95% CI= -2.15 to -0.70; p<0.001). The risk of death in PLWHA co-infected with malaria increased with low income (<Rp 2,000,000) (b = 3.06; 95% CI= 2.04 to 4.07; p <0.001), poor health behavior (mean <5) (b= 1.66; 95% CI= 0.92 to 2.40; p <0.001), and poor nutritional status (b = 2.10; 95% CI= 1.44 to 2.76; p <0.001).Conclusions: The risk of recurrence in PLWHA co-infected with malaria increases with low income, poor health behavior, and poor nutritional status, but decreases with adherence to ARV treatment and Cotrimoxazole treatment. The risk of death of PLWHA coinfected with malaria increases with low income, poor health behavior, and poor nutritional status, but decreases with adherence to ARV treatment.Keywords: recurrence, co-infection, HIV/AIDS, malaria, death, path analysis, people with HIV/AIDSCorrespondence: Dian Winiarti. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: Dianwiniarti@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281344266960.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019, 4(3): 138-155https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.01
The Effect of Obesity, Oral Contraceptive and Passive Smoking on the Risk of Cervical Cancer Arfailasufandi, Roiela; Mudigdo, Ambar; Sudiyanto, Aris
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Studies have investigated the effects of obesity on cancer development. However, the relationship between obesity and cervical cancer risk is unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of obesity, oral contraceptive and passive smoking on the risk of cervical cancer.Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from October to December 2018. A sample of 200 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 100 cervical cancer patients and 100 noncervical cancer patients. The dependent variable was cervical cancer. The independent variables were obesity, oral contraceptive use, smoking exposure, parity, age at first sexual intercourse, and family history. The data were obtained from the medical record. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results:The risk of cervical cancer increased with obesity (OR= 6.83; 95%CI= 2.44 to 19.17; p<0.001), cigarette smoke exposure (OR= 12.57; 95% CI= 4.59 to 34.41; p<0.001),oral contra­ceptive use (OR= 3.43; 95%CI= 1.27 to 9.25; p= 0.015), parity (OR= 3.94; 95%CI= 1.47 to 10.59; p= 0.006), and family history (OR= 5.63; 95%CI= 1.94 to 16.34; p= 0.001).The risk of cervical cancer decreased with delayed menarche (OR= 0.24; 95%CI= 0.09 to 0.68; p= 0.007) and delayed age at first sexual intercourse (OR= 0.21; 95%CI= 0.86 to 0.53; p= 0.001).Conclusion: The risk of cervical cancer increases with obesity, oral contraceptive use, smoking exposure, parity, and family history. The risk of cervical cancer decreases with delayed menarche and delayed age at first sexual intercourse.Keywords: obesity, oral contraception, smoking exposure, cervical cancerCorrespondence: Roiela Arfailasufandi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: andi_suf@ymail.com. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 189-197https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.06
Factors Associated with Hypertension among Elderly in Medan, Indonesia Situngkir, Santa Ulina Apriani; Lubis, Namora Lumongga; Siregar, Fazidah Aguslina
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure is often called the silent killer. World Health Organization reported that hypertension is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths (12.8% of the total of all deaths). Prevalence of hypertension in Medan ranked the third in Indonesia in all ages with the mortality of 6.8%. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with hyper­tension among elderly in Medan, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case-control design. The population was all elderly people who visited community health centre in Medan, North Sumatera, in 2016. A sample of 124 elderly was selected for this study by purposive sampling, consisting of 62 hypertensive and 62 normotensive elderly. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were physical activity, obesity, and family hisyory of hypertension. Data on blood pressure were measured by sphygmomanometer. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: Obesity (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.05 to 5.87), low physical activity (OR = 2.56; 95% CI= 1.06 to 6.17), and family history of hypertension (OR = 5.74; 95% CI = 2.44 to 13.46) increased the risk of hypertension.Conclusion: Obesity, low physical activity, and family history of hypertension increase the risk of hypertension.Keywords: hypertension, elderly, risk factors Correspondence: Santa Ulina Apriani Situngkir. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Universitas 21, Medan 20115, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Email: situngkir_29@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6281370430295.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 215-221https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.09
Path Analysis on the Determinants of Adherence to Anti Tuberculosis Drug Treatment in Kaur District, Bengkulu, Indonesia Hamidi, Surahman; Raharjo, Setyo Sri; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Drug treatment compliance was the behavior of patients to take medication and undergo treatment according to the rules determined by professional health personnels. Many factors influenced the compliance with treatment for tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to examine determinants of drug treatment compliance among tuberculosis patients.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 16 community health centers in Kaur Regency, Bengkulu, Indonesia, from January to February 2019. A sample of 206 study subjects was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was drug treatment adherence. The indepen­dent variables were age, gender, education, income, knowledge, role of drug taking supervisor, side effect of drug treatment, distance to health service, drug availability, family support, and tenure. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment was directly and positively affected by age (b= 2.96; CI 95%= 1.12 to 4.79; p= 0.002), gender (b= 1.48; CI 95%= 0.02 to 2.95; p= 0.047), education (b= 2.18; CI 95%= 0.24 to 4.11; p= 0.027), income (b= 0.85; CI 95%= 0.76 to 2.45; p= 0.031), knowledge (b= 2.27; CI 95%= 0.32 to 4.22; p= 0.023), the role of drug taking supervisor (b= 3.46; CI 95%= 1.57 to 5.36; p<0.001), drug availability (b= 0.04; CI 95%= -6.07 to 6.16; p= 0.989), and family support (b= 2.97; CI 95%= 1.30 to 4.64; p<0.001). It was negatively affected by the side effects of the drug (b= -3.07; CI 95%= -4.90 to -1.24; p= 0.001), distance to health service (b= -1.86; CI 95%= -3.61 to -0.11; p= 0.037), and tenure (b= -2.16; CI 95%= -3.95 to -0.38; p= 0.017). Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment was indirectly affected by income, knowledge, and role of drug treatment supervisor.Conclusion: Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment is directly and positively affected by age, gender, education, income, knowledge, the role of drug taking supervisor, drug availability, and family support. It is negatively affected by the side effects of the drug, distance to health service, and tenure.Keywords : treatment adherence, tuberculosis, determinants, path analysisCorrespondence: Surahman Hamidi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: surahmanhamidi@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: 085267­456713.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 205-214https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.08
The Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Contextual Factor of Village on Stunting in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Sugiyanto, Joko; Raharjo, Setyo Sri; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Basic Health Research Results of 2018 stated that 30.8% of Indonesian children experienced Stunting. Stunting problems describe the existence of chronic nutritional problems, which can be influenced by a variety of interrelated factors. This study aimed to examine the determinants of stunting Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case control design. It was conducted at 15 sub-districts in Bontang, East Kalimantan, from February to April 2019. A sample of 225 children was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were exclusive breastfeeding, history of infection, low birth weight (LBW), economic status, maternal education, maternal height, basic sanitation, and Community Based Total Sanitation (CBTS) urban village status. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of stunting decreased with maternal height ≥150 cm (b = -1.37; 95% CI= -2.41 to -0.32; p = 0.010), maternal education ≥senior high school (b = -1.83; 95 % CI= -2.79 to -0.87; p<0.001), exclusive breastfeeding (b= -1.67; 95% CI= -3.28 to -0.06; p= 0.042), and high economic status (b= -1.33; 95% CI= -2.23 to -0.41; p= 0.004). It was increased with number of family members >4 (b= 1.32; 95% CI= 0.41 to 2.22; p= 0.004), history of infectious disease (b= 2.23; 95% CI= 1.32 to 3.14; p<0.001), poor environmental sanitation (b= 1.83; 95% CI= 0.64 to 3.02; p= 0.003), and LBW (b= 1.30; 95% CI= 0.04 to 2.56; p= 0.043). Subdistricts had neglected contextual effect on the incidence of stunting with ICC <1%.Conclusion: The risk of stunting decreases with maternal height ≥150 cm, maternal education ≥senior high school, exclusive breastfeeding, and high economic status. It is increased with number of family members >4, history of infectious disease, poor environmental sanitation, and LBW. Subdistricts has neglected contextual effect on the incidence of stunting.Keywords: stunting,exclusive breastfeeding, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Joko Sugiyanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: jksgnt@gmail.com.Mobile: 081254261020Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 222-233 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.10

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