Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2020 - 2025
0
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Indonesian Journal of Medicine Journal of Health Policy and Management Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Journal of Maternal and Child Health
Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Published : 39 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 39 Documents
Search

 1   2   3   4 
The Role of Community Health Workers in Maternal and Child Health Surveillance to Optimize Maternal and Child Health in Pasuruan District, East Java Pangestu, Ninil Dwi; Joebagio, Hermanu; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (230.731 KB)

Abstract

Background: Maternal mortality ratio, infant mortality rate, and underfive mortality rate are still high in Indonesia. Pasuruan is one of the districts in East Java with the highest infant mortality rate. One of the public health interventions that has been undertaken to address this issue is maternal and child health surveillance program with community health workers being the leading implementers. This study aimed to describe the role of community health workers in maternal and child health surveillance to optimize maternal and child health care services in Pasuruan District, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study using case study approach. It was conducted in Pasuruan, East Java. Key informants were selected by criterion sampling. The data were collected by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, observation, and document review. Data validity was checked by triangulation.Results: Community based maternal and child health surveillance program has been implemented for 4 years. However, only some of all community health workes have been trained in this program. The tasks of these community health workers included advocacy and monitoring of maternal and child health in the areas of posyandu. The implementation of these surveillance program had some obstacles, including low insentive of community health worker, inactive community health worker, lack of awareness among community members on maternal and child health issues, and medical factors of pregnant mothers that caused mortality.Conclusion: Community health workers help improve the quality of maternal and child health care by surveillance program, although their performances have yet to be enhanced.Keyword: maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, community health workersCorrespondence: Ninil Dwi Pangestu. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University,  Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36A Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. E-mail: pangestu.ninil@gmail.com. Mobile +62856553737.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2017), 2(2): 128-136https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2017.02.02.04
The Effect of Internal and External Factors on Preventive Reproductive Health Behaviors in Adolescents, in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Arisa, Azura; Soemanto, RB; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (506.735 KB)

Abstract

Background: Many adolescents had engaged in unhealthy sexual behavior that can result in unintended health outcomes. In theory, the adolescent sexual behavior is influenced by a complex set of interactions between biology, genetics, individual perception, personality characteristics, and sociocultural norms and values. This study aimed to determine the influence of internal and external factors on preventive reproductive health behavior in adolescents, in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan, using Health Belief Model.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with the cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 10 senior high schools in Banjarmasin, Kalimantan. A total sample of 200 grade XI students was selected for this study by proportional stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was preventive reproductive health behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, the role of parents, peer role, and information access. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: The strong role of parents (b=0.05; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b=0.06; SE= 0.02; p=0.006), perceived threat (b=0.10; SE= 0.02; p<0.001), self-efficacy (b=0.13; SE= 0.01; p<0.001), and peer role (b=0.06; SE= 0.01; p<0.001) positively affected preventive reproductive health behavior. Perceived barrier (b= -0.03; SE= 0.01; p=0.026) negatively affected preventive reproductive health behavior. Perceived threat increased with increasing role of parents (b=0.05; SE= 0.02; p= 0.059), perceived susceptibility (b=0.21; SE= 0.05; p<0.001), perceived seriousness (b=0.10; SE= 0.04; p= 0.015), and self efficacy (b= 0.13; SE= 0.06; p= 0.040). Perceived barrier decreased with improving access of information (b=-0.16; SE= 0.05; p= 0.004). Perceived benefit increased with improving access of information (b=0.09; SE= 0.04; p= 0.030) and perceived susceptibility (b=0.20; SE= 0.06; p= 0.002). Perceived susceptibility (b=0.13; SE= 0.04; p= 0.004), perceived seriousness (b=0.10; SE= 0.05; p= 0.057), and self efficacy (b=0.09; SE= 0.03; p= 0.006) increased with access of information. Self efficacy increased with stronger role of parents (b=0.06; SE= 0.02; p= 0.018), and peer role (b=0.07; SE= 0.04; p= 0.062).Conclusion: Preventive reproductive health behavior among adolescents is affected by the role of parents, perceived of threat, self-efficacy, peer role, perceived of benefit, and perceived of a barrier. Health belief model can predict health preventive behavior.Keywords: Preventive behavior, reproductive health, health belief model, internal and external factorsCorrespondence: Azura Arisa, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: azura.syakura@gmail.com.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(4): 350-358https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.04.07 
PRECEDE- PROCEED Model on Determinants of Completeness Immunization Status among Infants in Bangkalan District, Madura Putri, Lidia Aditama; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (358.525 KB)

Abstract

Background: Universal Child Immunization is a government program aimed at preventing infectious diseases. However, its target level has not been attained. Bangkalan is one of the districts with low immunization coverage. This study aimed to analyze PRECEDE-PROCEED model on determinants of complete immunization status among infants in Bangkalan District, Madura.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 10 community health centers in Bangkalan, Madura, from August to October, 2017. A total sample of 200 infants aged 9-12 months were selected by cluster sampling with community health center serving has the cluster. The dependent variable was completeness of immunization status. The independent variable were education, knowledge, maternal job status, attitude, distance to health facility, information exposure, family support, and health personnel support. The data was collected using questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Completeness of immunization status was increased by positive maternal attitude (b=0.82; 95% CI= 0.10 to 1.55; p= 0.027), strong health personnel support (b= 0.79; 95% CI = -0.10 to 1.67; p= 0.081), and information exposure (b= 1.52; 95% CI= 0.75 to 2.29; p= 0.001), but was decreased by distance to health facility (b= -1.28; 95% CI= -2.13 to -0.44; p= 0.003). Positive maternal attitude was increased by strong family support (b= 1.35; 95% CI= 0.71 to 2.00; p= 0.001) and better knowledge (b= 2.29; 95% CI= 1.06 to 3.54; p= 0.001). Better knowledge was increased by information exposure (b= 1.54; 95% CI= 0.58 to 2.51; p= 0.002). Strong family support was increased by maternal working outside the house (b= 0.64; 95% CI= 0.03 to 1.26; p= 0.040). Maternal working outside the house (b= 1.12; 95% CI= 0.51 to 1.75; p= 0.001) and better knowledge (b= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.42 to 2.13; p= 0.003) were increased by high level of education.Conclusion: Completeness of immunization status is increased by positive maternal attitude, strong health personnel support, and information exposure, but was decreased by distance to health facility.Keyword: determinant, universal child immunization, PRECEDE-PROCEED modelCorrespondence: Lidia Aditama Putri. Prodi Kebidanan di STIKES Insan Unggul Surabaya,  Jln. Raya Kletek No. 4 Taman, Sidoarjo 61257, Jawa Timur. E-mail: liydya30@gmail.com. Mobile +6285230752110Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(4): 291-301https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.02.04.01  
Theory of Planned Behavior on Factors Affecting Tetanus Toksoid Immunization Uptake Among Pregnant Women in Boyolali, Central Java Yumafita, Tiara; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (267.699 KB)

Abstract

Background: Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. TT immunization in pregnant women can prevent neonatal deaths. Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus (MNT) has been among the most common life-threatening consequences of unclean deliveries and umbilical cord care practices, and are indicators of inequity in access to immunization and other maternal, newborn, and child health services. The neonatal mortality rate was still high in Boyolali Regency, Central Java. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of TT immunization uptake among pregnant women in Boyolali, Central Java, using Theory of Planned Behavior.Subjects And Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Boyolali, Central Java, from November to December 2018. A sample of 200 pregnant women from 25 community health centers was selected by simple random sampling and positioned at level 2 in a multilevel model analysis. Eight pregnant women were selected at random from each community health center. The dependent variable was TT immunization uptake. The independent variables were knowledge, education, the influence of midwife private practice, parity, income, intention, attitude, perceived behavior control, and social norm. The data on immunization uptake was obtained from the medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multilevel multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: The use of TT immunization increased with better maternal knowledge (b= 1.47; 95% CI= 0.02 to 2.92; p= 0.047), high maternal education (b = 2.19; 95% CI = 0.64 to 3.75; p= 0.006), influence of midwife private practice (b= 2.07; 95% CI= 0.41 to 3.72; p= 0.014), parity ≥2 (b= 1.81; 95% CI = 0.13 to 3.5; p= 0.034), income ≥minimum regional wage (b= 1.95; 95% CI= 0.39 to 3.50; p= 0.014), strong intention (b = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.11 to 3.34; p= 0.035), positive attitude (b= 2.11; 95% CI = 0.17 to 4.05; p= 0.033), strong perceived behavior control (b= 3.84; 95% CI = 1.47 to 6.20; p <0.001), supportive social norm (b= 2.26; 95% CI= 0.29 to 4.23; p= 0.024). Community health center had a contextual effect on TT immunization uptake with ICC= 35.86%.Conclusion: The use of TT immunization increased with better maternal knowledge, high maternal education, the influence of midwife private practice, parity ≥2, income ≥minimum regional wage, strong intention, positive attitude, strong perceived behavior control, supportive social norm. The community health center has a contextual effect on TT immunization uptake.Keywords: TT immunization, knowledge, education, midwife private practice, parity, income, intention, attitude, perceived behavior control, social norm, pregnant womenCorrespondence: Tiara Yumafita, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 362A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: Tiarayumafita8@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281230492658.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(3): 190-200https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.03.06
Organophosphate Pesticide Residue in Fruits and Vegetables Sudarsono, Joko; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Kisrini, Kisrini
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v14i2.11889

Abstract

The use of the pesticide which does not follow the procedure may potentially cause residue of pesticide to be left on vegetables and fruits sold in supermarkets and traditional markets. We aimed to find the pattern of pesticide usage and levels of residue found in plants. This study was an analytical observation with a cross-sectional design using detailed sampling procedure. We obtained the data of the pesticide residue concentration by conducting laboratory examinations on eight samples of cabbage and eight samples of tomatoes from traditional markets and supermarkets in the city of Solo. The data were tested using simple linear regression testing. The organophosphate measurement results showed no residues were detected, because it was below the Limit of Detection (LOD). We concluded that pesticides containing active substances were not used in the vegetables we tested or the active substances were no longer contained in the vegetables after harvesting.
Indoor Smoke Exposure and Other Risk Factors of Pneumonia among Children Under Five in Karanganyar, Central Java Nikmah, Atika; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Qadrijati, Isna
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (568.995 KB)

Abstract

Background: Globally, pneumonia is an infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. It causes one of five deaths in children under five years old worldwide. Approximately 61 million new cases of pneumonia occur annually. This study aimed to examine risk factors of pneumonia among children under five in Karanganyar, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. The study was conducted in Karanganyar District, Central Java, from October to November, 2017. Study subjects were selected by fixed disease sampling consisting of 68 children under five years old with pneumonia and 136 without pneumonia. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variables were nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal stress, type of labour, maternal education, maternal job status, family income, quality of house, quality of environment, and indoor smoke exposure. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of pneumonia increased with indoor smoke exposure (b= 2.63; 95% CI= 1.70 to 3.55; p<0.001). The risk of pneumonia decreased with good house environment (b= -0.93; 95% CI= -1.72 to -0.14; p= 0.020), healthy behavior (b= -1.41; 95% CI= -2.22 to -0.60; p=  0.001), and good nutritional status (b= -1.83; 95% CI= -2.72 to -0.93; p < 0.001). Good house environment was positively affected by good quality of house (b= 1.53; 95% CI= 0.94 to 2.13; p<0.001). Indoor smoke exposure was negatively affected by good quality of house (b= −1.79; 95% CI= -2.40 to -1.19; p < 0.001). The likelihood of exclusive breastfeding decreased with maternal stress (b= −0.65; 95% CI= -1.22 to -0.08; p= 0.024) and history of cesarean section (b= −0.59; 95% CI= -1.20 to 0.01; p= 0.053). Good nutritional status was positively affected by exclusive breastfeeding (b= 0.65; 95% CI= 0.04 to 1.26; p= 0.036). Number of children was negatively affected by high maternal education (b= -0.71; 95% CI= -1.29 to -0.14; p= 0.015). Family income was positively affected by maternal working outside the house (b= 0.89; 95% CI= 0.31 to 1.46; p= 0.002). Maternal working outside the house was positively affected by high maternal education (b= 0.67; 95% CI= 0.98 to 1.24; p= 0.022).Conclusion: The risk of pneumonia increases with indoor smoke exposure, but decreases with good house environment, healthy behavior, and good nutritional status.Keyword: risk factor, pneumonia, children under fiveCorrespondence: Atika Nikmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: atikanikmah123@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(1): 25-40https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.03 
Risk Factors of Hypertension among Women in Sragen, Central Java Sudaryanto, Sudaryanto; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Indarto, Dono
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.89 KB)

Abstract

Background: Hypertension has become a global problem because its prevalence continues to increase to the stage of worrying. Health profile data of Sragen District Health Office in 2014 showed that out of 175,750 people aged >18 years who took blood pressure measurement, there were 28.73% (50,499 people) identified as having high blood pressure and 25,928 of them were women. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of hypertension among women in Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted in Sragen, Central Java. The total sample of 200 women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were age, history of hypertension, stress, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, salt consumption, coffee consumption, body mass index (BMI), and cholesterol level. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. The other data were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Age ≥40 years (OR= 5.27; 95% CI= 1.81 to 15.28; p= 0.002), had history of hypertension (OR= 4.75; 95% CI= 1.46 to 15.39; p= 0.009), stress (OR= 5.32; 95% CI= 1.50 to 18.84; p= 0.009), smoking (OR= 17.51; 95% CI= 1.18 to 258.70; p= 0.037), low physical activity (OR= 7.89; 95% CI= 2.44 to 25.51; p = 0.001), alcohol consumption (OR= 23.06; 95% CI= 1.49 to 335.39; p= 0.025), salt consumption (OR= 16.68; 95% CI= 1.61 to 172.83; p= 0.018), coffee consumption (OR= 4.19; 95% CI= 1.03 to 16.98; p= 0.045), BMI (OR= 5.60; 95% CI= 1.23 to 9.71; p= 0.018), high total cholesterol (OR= 6.49; 95% CI = 2.00 to 21.05; p = 0.002) increased the risk of hypertension among women. Nagelkerke R Square= 72.2%.Conclusion: Age ≥40 years, history of hypertension, stress, smoking, low physical activity, alcohol consumption, salt consumption, coffee consumption, BMI, high total cholesterol increase the risk of hypertension among women.Keyword: hypertension, determinants, womenCorrespondence: Sudaryanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: oment8147@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285727565551Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(2): 127-137https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.02.08
Biopsychosocial Determinants of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Surakarta Alfiyani, Lina; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (531.776 KB)

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that poses serious threat to population health worldwide. Tuberculosis control enterprise becomes more complicated due to increasing number of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberkulosis (MDR-TB) cases. Globally there are approximately 580,000 cases of  MDR-TB, with only 125,000 cases (20%) resolved. Indonesia ranks tenth in the world by the number of MDR-TB cases after Angola, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Cina, Korea, Kongo, Etiopia, and India. This study aimed to analyzed the bio-psychosocial determinants of MDR-TB in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. The study was conducted in Dr. Moewardi Hospital and BBKPM, Surakarta, from September to November 2017. A sample consisting of 76 MDR-TB patients and 228 non MDR-TB patients were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was MDR-TB. The independent variables were age, drug-taking adherence, depression, comorbidity, drug side-effect, drug-taking supervisor, and family income. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: MDR-TB was affected by lack of drug-taking adherence (b= -1.7; 95% CI= -2.23 to -1.07; p=0.001) and comorbidity (b= 1.5; 95% CI= 0.76 to 2.30; p=0.001). Drug-taking adherence was affected by depression (b= -1.7; 95% CI= -2.60 to -0.79; p=0.001), drug side effect (b= -1.5; CI 95%= -2.10 to -0.86; p=0.001), and drug-taking supervisor (b=2.5; 95% CI= 1.84 to 3.06; p=0.001). Comorbidity was affected by age (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.12 to 1.61; p= 0.022).Conclusion: MDR-TB is directly affected by lack of drug-taking adherence and comorbidity. MDR-TB is indirectly affected by drug-taking supervisor, depression, and drug side effect.Keyword: bio-psychosocial determinants, MDR-TBCorrespondence: Lina Alfiyani. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: linabbt@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(3): 255-266https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.03.07 
Individual and Environmental Risk Factors of Tuberculosis: A New Evidence from Ponorogo, East Java Sayidah, Diana; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (494.675 KB)

Abstract

Background: For centuries, TB has been linked anecdotally with environmental risk factors that go hand-in-hand with poverty: indoor air pollution, tobacco smoke, malnutrition, over­crowded living conditions, and excessive alcohol use. But to date, there is no empirical evidence from East Java, Indonesia, to support these anecdotal evidences. The purpose of this study was to provide new evidence on the individual and environmental risk factors of tuberculosis in Po­no­ro­go, East Java.Subjects and Method: A case control study was conducted in Ponorogo, East Java, from April to May 2018. A sample of 200 study subjects was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was tuberculosis. The independent variables were age, gen­der, education, nutritional status, dwelling density, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Data on tuberculosis infection status were obtained from the medical record at District Health Office Po­no­­rogo. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic re­gres­sion on Stata 13.Results: Age ≥ 44 years (b= 3.18; 95% CI= 1.66 to 4.69; p<0.001), nutritional status (b= 1.42; 95% CI= 0.02 to 2.82; p=0.046), dwelling density ≥ 5 (b= 1.87; 95% CI= 0.37 to 3.36; p=0.014), smoking (b= 2.23; 95% CI= 0.61 to 3.85; p=0.007), and alcohol drinking (b= 2.83; 95% CI= 1.38 to 4.27; p<0.001) were associated with increased risk of tuberculosis. Higher education (b= -2.56; 95% CI= -4.16 to -0.96; p=0.002) and female (b= -1.36; 95% CI= -2.92 to -0.20; p=0.087) were associated with decreased risk of tuberculosis.Conclusion: Age, nutritional status, dwelling density, smoking, alcohol drinking, education, and female, are shown in this study to be the risk factors of tuberculosis.Keywords: tuberculosis, individual factor, environmental factorCorrespondence: Diana Sayidah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dianasayidah13@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282234721294.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(3): 353-360https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.03.06
Socioeconomic, Environmental, and Behavioral Determinants of Leprosy in Kediri, East Java Rahmah, Anindita Hasniati; Dharmawan, Ruben; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.828 KB)

Abstract

Background: Leprosy remains a major public health problem in the world, particularly in developing countries. Leprosy can be so progressive that damages skin, nerve, extremity, and eye organs of the affected patients. Cumulative incidence of leprosy amounted to 200,000 cases worldwide, with the highest incidences occuring in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. This study sought to examine the social economic, environmental, and behavioral determinants of leprosy in Kediri, East Java, using path analysis approach.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. The study was conducted at Leprosy Hospital, Kediri, East Java, from November to December 2017. A total sample of 150 study subjects consisting of 75 leprosy patients and 75 non-diseased subjects were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was leprosy. The independent variables were personal hygiene, education, employment status, family income, dwelling density, humidity, and migration. Data on leprosy diagnosis was taken from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of leprosy increased with poorer personal hygiene (b= -1.20; 95% CI= -1.92 to -0.49; p=0.001), higher humidity (b= 0.73; 95% CI= 0.33 to 1.43; p=0.040), and migration (b= 0.94; 95% CI= 0.14 to 1.74; p= 0.022). Being employed status increased family income (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.72 to 2.11; p< 0.001). Low family income  increased the likelihood of migration (b= -14; 95% CI= -1.71 to -3.19; p= 0.007) and dwelling density (b= -1.02; 95% CI= -1.71 to -0.32; p=0.004). Higher education level increased the likelihood of being employed (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.72 to 2.11; p< 0.001) and better personal hygiene (b= 1.15; 95% CI= 0.44 to 1.85; p= 0.001). Dwelling density increased the likelihood of humidity (b= 4.29; 95% CI= 3.22 to 5.37; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Migration, higher humidity, and poorer personal hygiene directly increase the risk of leprosy. Education, employment status, family income, and dwelling density indirectly affect the risk of leprosy. Keywords: Leprosy, social economic, environmental, personal hygieneCorrespondence: Anindita Hasniati Rahmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: aninditarahma22@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(2): 253-262https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.02.05 
Co-Authors -, Mulyanti -, Vera Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Alfiyani, Lina Ambar Mudigdo Ayuningtyas, Kanthi Devi Azura Arisa Bhisma Murti Cahyaningrum, Lusia Arina Cecep Kusmana Dea Linia Romadhoni Dewi, Ristamaya Danar Dono Indarto Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Erick Zicof Fadhilla, Hidayah Nur Febry Istyanto Fitriani, Tri Godha Gabriela Advitri Febriani Handoko Handoko Harsono Salimo Hermanu Joebagio Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Inayati, Rizqi Kartika, Dian Surya Kisrini Kisrini Lidia Aditama Putri Nikmah, Atika Ningsih, Nur Isniani Nurul Fatimah Nurul Ulya Luthfiyana Pamungkas, Putri Pangestu, Ninil Dwi Prasetya, Hanung Putri, Widya Kaharani Qadridjati, Isna Qadrijati, Isna Rahayu, Baiq Zulvita Rahmah, Anindita Hasniati Ramadani, Aulia Noorvita Rita Adriani Benya Adriani Robbihi, Hilmiy Ila RUBEN DHARMAWAN Sanusi, Rossi Sari, Ambar Sayidah, Diana Soemanto, RB Soemanto, RB Sudarsono, Joko Swastika, Sobma Uki Retno Budihastuti Umami, Afriza Vitri Widyaningsih Widayati, Purwika Wijaya, Veronica Fenny Yola Alqorien Mustikarani yulia lanti retno dewi Yumafita, Tiara