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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 419 Documents
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The Effect of Yoga Exercise on Reducing Blood Pressure among Elderly with Hypertension Aura Rosse Maharani; Nurul Fithriati Haritsah; Yoga Handita Windiastoni; Noerdjannah
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.02.11

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a silent killer with no symptoms. One of the non-pharmacological treatments used is yoga exercises. This study aims to determine yoga exercise on reducing blood pressure among elderly with hypertension.Subjects and Method: This study is a one-group pre and post-test conducted at the Tohudan Colomadu Karanganyar Elderly Posyandu from March to April 2024. A total of 19 elderly people aged 50 to 70 years were selected using purposive sampling. The dependent variable in this study was a decrease in blood pressure. The independent variable in this study was yoga gymnastics. The study was conducted by measuring blood pressure before and after yoga exercises using a sphygmomanometer. The collected blood pressure data was analyzed using SPSS.Results: Average systolic blood clearance (Mean= 148.53; SD=6.62) and diastolic blood pressure (Mean= 93.26; SD= 2.05) before the intervention was higher than systolic blood pressure (Mean= 141.53; SD= 7.32) and diastolic blood pressure (Mean= 87.37; SD=2.29) after the intervention, and the results were statistically significant (p=<0.001).Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before intervention were higher than systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after intervention.
The Impact of Socio-demographic Factors on the Recovery Potential of Schizophrenia Patients Post Hospitalization Sri Mulyani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.05

Abstract

Background: Mental health is a series of emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Psychological well-being focuses on individuals having meaning in life and having choices in actualizing their potential. This study aimed to analyze the influence of socio-demographic factors on the recovery ability of schizophrenia patients after hospitalization.Subjects and Method: This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design carried out at the Outpatient Polyclinic of RSJD Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta from December 2023 to January 2024. The sample used in this study was 200 schizophrenia patients who were selected using purposive sampling. The independent variables in this study are gender, age, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, education level, and employment status. The dependent variable is the recovery ability of schizophrenia patients after hospitalization. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and data was analyzed using a multiple linear regression analysis model.Results: The ability to recover from schizophrenia patients after hospitalization increased with female (b= 5.58; 95% CI= 1.29 to 9.87; p= 0.011), age ≥ 39 years (b= 0.66; 95% CI= -3.51 to 4.83; p= 0.756), high education (b= 7.24; 95% CI= 2.83 to 11.64; p= 0.001), and employed (b= 16.36; 95% CI= 12.06 to 20.67; p< 0.001). It decreased with a duration of illness ≥8 years (b= -5.77; 95% CI= -10.15 to -1.40; p= 0.010) and length of hospital stay ≥21 days (b= -6.88; 95% CI= -11.27 to -2.49; p= 0.002).Conclusion: The recovery ability of schizophrenia patients after hospitalization will increase with female, age ≥39 years, high education, and employed. It decreased with length of illness ≥8 years and length of stay ≥21 days.
Effect of Short Sleep Duration on the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis Anas Rahmad Hidayat; Harpeni Siswatibudi; R. Haryo Nugroho Purwokusumo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.11

Abstract

Background: Understanding the impact of short sleep duration on cardiovascular disease incidence is crucial for comprehending its potential health implications. This study aimed to analyze and estimate the magnitude of the effect of short sleep duration on the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence based on similar previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by following the PRISMA flow diagram and PICO model. Population: general population without prior cardiovascular diseases, Intervention: short sleep duration, Comparison: adequate sleep duration, and Outcome: the Incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The process of searching for articles through Google Scholar, ProQuest, and PubMed journal databases by selecting articles published from 2010 to 2024. The keywords used include: "Cardiovascular Diseases," AND "Incidence," AND "Sleep Duration," AND "cohort Studies. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles, open access with a cohort study design, and articles in English. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3.Results: A total of 9 cohort studies involving 564,287 respondents from Africa, Europe, and Asia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that people with short sleep duration had a 1.20 times risk of experiencing cardiovascular disease compared to people with adequate sleep duration (aHR = 1.20; 95% Cl = 1.14 to 1.25; p<0.001). This meta-analysis has heterogeneity I2= 39%, so it uses a fixed effect model.Conclusion: Insufficient sleep duration could elevate the likelihood of cardiovascular disease occurrence.
Utilization of Adequately Iodized Salt and its Barriers Among Sub-Urban Households of Chengalpattu District- Tamil Nadu Siddharthan Athiyaman; Virudhunagar Muthuprakash Anantha Eashwar; Hariharan Surathkumaar; Umadevi Ramachandran
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.05

Abstract

Background: Iodine is a crucial nutrient humans need for healthy mental and physical development. Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) continues to pose a real threat to public health across several nations, including India. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the use of adequately iodized salt and to determine the barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among suburban households.Subjects and Method: A Community-based cross-sectional study was done among 250 sub-urban households using a multistage sampling technique in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. The study was carried out between the period of July to November 2023. Data was collected by both standardized and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. The iodine content of salt was assessed by an MBI spot testing kit. The dependent variable was adequately iodized salt and the independent variable was sociodemographic details and variables related to the utilization of iodized salt. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The prevalence of utilization of adequately iodized salt was 76.8 % and barriers to the use of adequately iodized salt among sub-urban households were, using a wet spoon/hand to take salt from the container, container of the salt kept open / both ways, storing salt in the steel container and storing in the original salt pocket itself.Conclusion: Specific education regarding proper storage, handling, duration, and the importance of iodized salt needs to be implemented to increase community awareness and to focus on behavior change communication to bring a positive attitude toward the utilization of iodized salt.
Public Transport or a Landmine: Insecurities, Harassment and its Effect on Mental Health in Women Using Public Transport System in Chennai District, Tamil Nadu Sushmitha Govindaraj; Anantha Eashwar VM; Sujitha P; Umadevi R; Monica Albert Sekhar; Shirley Esther Priscilla; Swathika Devi R
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.10

Abstract

Background: Crimes against women committed while traveling in public transportation is seldom understood, analyzed, and reported. The World Health Organization has stated that any form of violence against women must be considered a public health emergency. As a result of abuse, their overall health is impacted. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of insecurity and characterization of harassment among female passengers while traveling on public transport.Subjects and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the Chennai district, Tamilnadu between November 2023 to March 2024. A total of 270 women above 18 years of age and using public transport for a minimum period of 6 months for daily commuting were included as study participants selected using a simple random sampling method. Data related to Subjective fear of traveling alone in public transport was used as a dependent variable which was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire comprised of questions related to sociodemographic characteristics, having faced verbal/physical harassment, and having experienced stalking while traveling in public transport, which were used as independent variables. Subjective response to harassment was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Data was analyzed using SPPS version 26. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used to find the predictors that lead to the fear of traveling alone.Results: A total of 270 participants were included in the study. The predictors for developing fear of travelling alone in public transport system were, belonging to a nuclear family (aOR= 2.12; 95% CI= 1.23 to 3.32), women who faced any kind of harassment (aOR= 2.56; 95% CI= 1.76 to 3.84), faced physical harassment (aOR= 3.92; 95% CI= 2.45 to 5.67) and faced verbal harassment (aOR= 4.11; 95% CI= 1.87 to 6.34).Conclusion: It’s not only enough to bring about policies, but the common public must be educated about harassments that happen on public transport. A special task force must be formed to apprehend the assailants.
Village as Contextual Factors and Other Risk Factors Related with the Incidence of Clinical Tuberculosis in Children in Wonogiri, Central Java: A Multilevel Analysis Khairina Nur Hidayati; Bhisma Murti; Setyo Sri Rahardjo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.02

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is in the second rank with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) in the world. Childhood is a period of rapid growth, the body still has a low immune system so it is susceptible to disease including tuberculosis in children which requires control efforts. This study aims to analyze the influence of risk factors and village contextual factors on the incidence of TB in children.Subjects and Method: Case-control study research was conducted in 82 villages in Wonogiri Regency, from November to December 2023. A sample of 200 children aged 0 to 4 years old was selected through fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable of this study was the incidence of TB in children. The independent variables in this study were stunting, contact history, exposure to cigarette smoke, home sanitation, gender, parental education, child age, parental income, BCG immunization status, and village contextual influences. Data on TB disease was obtained from the Tuberculosis Information System Application (SITB) at the Wonogiri District Health Service in 2023. Other data was collected through questionnaires. The data analysis was done through multilevel multiplelogistic regression.Results: The factors that increased the incidence of TB in children were stunting (OR= 10.94; CI 95%= 2.50 to 47.90; p= 0.001), contact history to TB (OR= 8.37; CI 95%= 1.60 to 43.83; p= 0.012), and exposure to cigarette smoke (OR= 7.36; CI 95%= 1.99 to 27.14; p= 0.003). The reducing factors were healthy sanitation (OR= 0.24; CI 95%= 0.08 to 0.78; p= 0.017), female children (OR= 0.40; CI 95%= 0.15 to 1.05; p= 0.062), and parents with ≥high school education (OR= 0.40; CI 95%= 0.15 to 1.05; p= 0.062). There was no relationship between age (OR= 0.93; CI 95%= 0.13 to 6.23; p= 0.940), parental income (OR= 1.14; CI 95%= 0.40 to 3.25; p= 0.807), and BCG immunization status (OR= 0.12; CI 95%= 0.00 to 105.98; p= 0.550). Village has a contextual influence on the incidence of clinical TB in children (ICC= 52.95%).Conclusion: The risk of clinical TB in children increased with stunting, a history of TB contact and exposure to cigarette smoke, it decreased with healthy home sanitation, female gender, parents with ≥high school education. There was no relationship between age, parental income, and BCG immunization status. The village has a contextual effect on the incidence of clinical TB in children.
The Effect of Sleep Disorders on Anxiety and Depression in Health Workers: A Meta-Analysis Alfiana Nur Rohmani; Bhisma Murti; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.04

Abstract

Background: Sleep disorders are a clinical condition when a person frequently experiences problems or decreased sleep quality that can lead to anxiety and depression. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to estimate and analyze the magnitude of the influence of sleep disorders on anxiety and depression in health workers based on the results of previous similar primary studies.Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was performed on a primary study with a cross-sectional design. The research with the PICO format is as follows. Q: Health workers. I: Sleep disturbances < 8 hours per day; C: No sleep disturbances (Enough sleep > 8 hours per day). O: Anxiety and depression. The meta-analysis study was conducted by searching for articles from databases in electronic form using Google schoolar and Pubmed. This study was conducted by researchers in November 2023 by searching and selecting research data online conducted by previous primary data researchers in Pubmed and google scholar with a research period of 2016-2023. The keywords used in the primary data search were "Mental health" OR "Anxiety" OR "Depression" AND "Sleep disturbance" AND "Health worker" OR "Healthcare". The inclusion criteria for this study are complete articles using Cross-sectional research, published years from 2013-2023. The analysis of the articles in this study uses RevMan 5.3 software.Results: The meta-analysis in this study included 7 cross-sectional studies from Hong Kong, China, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, the United States, and Turkey. The total sample size is 5,267 samples. The risk of anxiety caused by sleep disturbances in health workers was 1.6 times compared to health workers who did not experience sleep disturbances (aOR=1.67; CI 95%=1.05 to 2.45; p= 0.030). the risk of depression caused by sleep disturbances in health workers was 1.32 times compared to health workers who did not experience sleep disturbances (aOR=1.32; CI 95%=0.81 to 2.15; p= 0.270).Conclusion: Sleep disorders increase the risk of anxiety and depression in health workers.
Spatial Analysis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Risk in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia Dinda Nabila Silva Diba; Bhisma Murti; Noor Alis Setiyadi
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.12

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease, especially in developing countries. In 2022, the total number of tuberculosis cases in Indonesia was 677,464 cases. This study aims to conduct a spatial analysis of factors such as population size, population density, number of poor population, number of unemployed, healthy houses, and temperature to the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the working area of health centers in Surakarta City in 2022.Subjects and Method: Spatial analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis of distribution maps using QGIS, spatial cluster analysis using SaTScanTM, and autocorrelation analysis by Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) method using GeoDa. Secondary data was obtained from the public communication of the Central Statistics Agency of Surakarta and the Surakarta Health Profile in 2022. The analysis unit includes 17 working areas of health centers in Surakarta. The dependent variable is the TB cases. The independent variables were population density, number of poor people, number of unemployed, number of healthy houses, and temperature.Results: The highest number of pulmonary TB cases were in Purwodiningratan Health Center and Sangkrah Health Center. There is the most likely cluster of pulmonary tuberculosis cases which is statistically significant in 2022 (Radius = 1.81 km; RR=17.65; p=0.003). Autocorrelation analysis showed E[I]=-0.06. There was a positive and significant spatial autocorrelation of the population (I=0.40; p=0.003), population density (I=0.33; p=0.002), number of poor people (I=0.40; p=0.002), number of unemployed (I=0.40; p=0.003), and temperature (I=0.25; p=0.009) of pulmonary TB cases in Surakarta.Conclusion: Population number, population density, number of poor population, number of unemployed, and temperature have positive spatial autocorrelation with pulmonary TB.
Enhancing Anxiety Management in Post-Tuberculosis Patients through Psychoeducational Intervention in Baki Community Health Center Agustaria Budinugroho; Setyo Sri Rahardjo; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.09

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis by air-borne transmission. TB patients are at risk of psychosocial disorders during treatment and post-treatment. This study aims to analyze the effect of psychoeducation on the level of anxiety experienced relapse in patients after Tuberculosis treatment.Subjects and Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design of a posttest pretest at the Baki Health Center, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia from June to July 2023. The sample was 30 people in the treatment group, namely post-tuberculosis treatment patients, and 30 people in the control group by paying attention to the inclusion criteria, the sample was selected in total sampling. The dependent variable is anxiety and the independent variable is psychoeducation. Psychoeducation was provided with intervention for 3 sessions with a time of 25-30 minutes and anxiety was measured by the HALS questionnaire. The data was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test.Results: After the intervention, the psychoeducational group had a decrease in anxiety scores (Mean = 7; SD= 4.68) than the control group (Mean= 4.07; SD= 3.14) with p=0.006.Conclusion: Psychoeducation for post-tuberculosis treatment patients can continue to be carried out to reduce the level of anxiety about tuberculosis recurrence and awareness of the impact of the disease.
Implementation of the Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills Model in Child Development: A Path Analysis Diani Fadmi Putri; Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.11

Abstract

Background: Child development problems also still occur in DI Yogyakarta. Children's development is influenced by parents in educating and nurturing children. Many factors affect maternal parenting patterns including knowledge, attitudes, motivation and skills. The purpose of the study was to analyze the contextual influence of maternal parenting behavior on the development of children under five in Sleman Regency.Subjects and Method: This study uses a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in 25 Integrated Health Posts with a total of 200 research subjects for mothers of toddlers and children under five. The sampling techniques are stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The independent variables in this study were information, motivation, skills/skills of child development, parenting behavior, and maternal age, while the dependent variable was the development of children under five. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Every 1 unit increase in parenting behavior (b= 0.60; CI 95%= 0.44 to 0.76; p< 0.001), skills/skills of child development through parenting behavior (b= 0.44; CI 95%= 0.33 to 0.56; p<0.001), information through parenting behavior (b=0.20; CI 95%= -.074 to 0.32; p= 0.002), motivation through parenting behavior (b= 0.18; CI 95%= 0.06 to 0.30; p= 0.003), and maternal age through parenting behavior (b= 0.05; CI 95%= -0.05; CI 95%= -0.05 to 0.15, p= 0.323) will be followed by an improvement in child development.Conclusion: The Information, Motivation, and Behavior skill model can be used to explain parenting behavior and child development. Children's development increases with good parenting behavior. Parenting behavior is influenced by children's developmental skills/skills influenced by the presence of information and motivation.

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