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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 419 Documents
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Relationships between Family Support, Gender, and Education on Quality of Life in Elderly in Jambi: Multi-Level Analysis Lestari Indah; Hanung Prasetya; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.06

Abstract

Background: The elderly pain rate in 2021 is 22.48%, this shows that around one in five elderly people in Indonesia have experienced illness in the past month. 3 factors affect predisposing factors, including knowledge and attitudes, supporting factors, and reinforcing factors. This study aims to determine the relationship between family support, gender, and education to the quality of life of the elderly in Jambi.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Jambi, Indonesia, from March to April 2024. A total of 200 elderly participants were selected using fixed disease sampling. The independent variables were gender, education, family support, and Integrated Health Posts for the elderly. The dependent variable is quality of life. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression.Results: Quality of life in old age improved with strong family support (b= 0.46; 95% CI= 0.19 to 0.74; p = 0.001) and ≥high school education (b=4.99; 95%CI = 2.89 to 7.09; p <0.0010). The quality of life of the elderly decreased or decreased in women compared to men (b= 2.94; 95% CI= -5.22 to -0.66; p= 0.011). There was a strong contextual influence of Integrated Health Posts for the elderly on the quality of life of the elderly (ICC= 31.15%).Conclusion: The quality of life of the elderly improves with strong family support and ≥high school education. The quality of life of the elderly decreases or is lower in women than men. There is a strong contextual influence of Integrated Health Posts for the elderly on the quality of life of the elderly.
Determinants of Promoting Assisted Delivery in the Lagdo Health District in Northern Cameroon Abdoulahi Kami; André Nkondjock; Antoine Socpa
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.07

Abstract

Background: Discrepancies in findings on assisted delivery (AD) in the Northern Cameroun persist. In order to reduce maternal mortality, it is hypothesized that specific determinants may help promote the use of AD. This study aimed to assess the possible association between these determinants and AD.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1,175 postpartum women, in the Lagdo health district from May 10th to June 5th, 2023. A three-stage cluster sampling technique was used. Independent variables included the factors related to AD. The dependent variable was the use or no use of AD. A validated questionnaire was employed to gather information. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software version 25. Frequencies, odds ratios (OR), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The statistical significance was 0.05.Results: The prevalence of AD was 43.9%. After adjustment for age, educational attainment, and parity, a direct association was detected between AD and funded delivery fees (OR=2.5; 95%CI= 1.95 to 3.40; p<0.001), and the presence of motorcycle taxi driver (OR=1.70; 95%CI =1.31 to 2.19; p<0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between AD and distance to health centers (OR= 0.32; 95%CI = 0.18 to 0.58; p<0.001), and lack of community leaders' involvement (OR=0.45; 95%CI = 0.31 to 0.67; p<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest funding delivery fees, reducing distance to health facilities, and sensitizing women by community leaders may help promote AD.
Mental Health Screening for University Students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti; M. Junaidy Heriyanto; Widea Rossi Desvita; Rokhmayanti Rokhmayanti; Siti Kurnia Widi Hastuti; Budi Barata Kusuma Utami; Arlina Azka
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.08

Abstract

Background: Mental health disorders occur a lot among students. Failure to overcome mental health conditions during this period can have a serious impact on their academic condition even on their physical and mental health in adulthood. This study aims to screen mental health in students at Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah Universities located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study. A sample of 251 students of Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah Universities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta were selected by accidental sampling. The study variable was emotional mental disorders which were measured using the Self Rating Questionnaire-20 instrument. Respondents who experienced more than seven symptoms were indicated to have a mental-emotional disorder and needed psychological help. The data were analyzed descriptively.Results: The screening results revealed that 104 students (41.43%) were experiencing mental and emotional disorders and required psychological assistance. In terms of the underlying factors of these disorders, 87.50% of students reported feeling easily fatigued (low energy), 70.19% had difficulty making decisions (cognitive), 52.88% felt unhappy (depression), 55.77% experienced abdominal discomfort (physiological), and 79.81% reported feeling nervous, tense, and worried (anxiety).Conclusion: it is recommended that schools provide accessible psychological counseling and implement stress management programs to help students cope with fatigue, anxiety, and decision-making difficulties
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in River Sanitation: Perspectives from Riverside-Dwelling Communities in Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines Hassan I. Esmael; Kreslie Mae A. Duldulao; Rosalino O. Delosa; Jopeter B. Dela Paz; Randy Ian F. Gallego
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.05

Abstract

Background: Rivers are crucial to ecosystems, providing water for drinking, agriculture, and recreation, but urbanization and industrial activities have severely degraded their quality. This study aims to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of riverside-dwelling residents regarding river sanitation, with the goal of identifying key factors influencing their understanding and behaviors related to water quality and environmental health.Subjects and Method: Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, the study involved 120 randomly selected samples from households within 200 meters of the riverbanks situated in Barangay Basalem, Buug, Zamboanga Sibugay. Data were collected over the period from June 2022 to April 2023 using validity- and reliability-tested questionnaires and analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficients. The dependent variable in the study was the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, while the independent variables were the respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to water sanitation.Results: Results showed high levels of knowledge but varied attitudes and practices. Respondents understood the risks of contaminated water but held contradictory beliefs about sanitation practices. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between age and both attitudes (p= 0.049) and practices (p= 0.049) related to river sanitation, highlighting generational differences in river sanitation behaviors.Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and improved educational programs to address knowledge gaps and promote effective sanitation practices, ultimately aiming to protect both public health and river ecosystems.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Dog Owners Regarding Dog-Related Diseases in Mvomero and Morogoro Districts, Tanzania Amina Ramadhani Issae; Hezron Emanuel Nonga
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.03

Abstract

Background: Dogs were the earliest animals domesticated by humans for various purposes, but receive little attention from the community and may be sources of diseases in humans and other animals. In Tanzania, most dogs are Mongrels and are primarily found in rural areas where they receive limited veterinary care. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dog keepers regarding dog management, and their awareness of zoonoses, to develop effective disease prevention and control programs.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2017 and January 2018 in the Mvomero and Morogoro districts of Tanzania. The study used a simple random sampling method, whereas a structured questionnaire was administered to 200 dog keepers. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis. The independent variables were demographic characteristics of dog keepers (age, gender, education, and location), while dependent variables included knowledge of dog management, attitudes toward dogs, and practices.Results: The study found that 59% of respondents had fair to good knowledge of dog management, though practices were generally poor, with most dog keepers owning dogs for security purposes. While 87% were aware of zoonotic diseases, particularly rabies, vaccination rates were higher in Morogoro than in Mvomero (p<0.05). Negative experiences with dogs were reported by 78% of respondents, and attitudes towards dogs were more negative in Mvomero than in Morogoro (p=0.007).Conclusion: The study concludes that dogs in Morogoro are poorly managed, live-in unhygienic conditions, rarely receive veterinary services, and experiences suffering of different kinds, which is contrary to animal welfare principles. Therefore, integrative approaches to raising public awareness about dog management practices in the study areas and other regions of Tanzania are recommended to safeguard the health of both dogs and humans.
Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with the Risk of Hypertension in Elderly in Klaten, Central Java: A Cross-Sectional Study Indri Nur Utami; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.04

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is also a major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and plays a role in all causes of death worldwide, characterized by systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of biopsychosocial factors on the risk of hypertension among the elderly in Klaten Regency.Subjects and Method: This study was cross-sectional from April-May 2024. The sample used was 200 elderly people in 25 elderly health posts and selected using random sampling techniques in Klaten Regency, Central Java. The dependent variable of this study was the incidence of hypertension. The independent variables of this study were age, gender, anxiety, stress, and income level. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety (b= 1.34; CI 95%= -0.13 to 2.82; p= 0.075), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.09; CI 95%= -0.01 to -0.03; p= 0.003), and female (b= 1.22; CI 95%= -5.38 to 7.84; p= 0.716). Anxiety is influenced by stress (b= 0.38; CI 95%= 0.29 to 0.48; p<0.001), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.01; CI 95% <0.01 to <0.01; p= 0.038), and age (b= 0.04; CI 95%= 0.07 to 0.08; p= 0.020).Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety, the existence of retirement funds, and female. Anxiety is influenced by stress, the existence of retirement funds, and age.
Analysis of Environmental Risk Factors for Leptospirosis in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Andri Setiawan; Noor Alis Setiyadi; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.03

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by the bacterium leptospira sp. The number of cases and deaths due to leptopirosis from year to year is always increasing. The purpose of this study is to analyze environmental risk factors for the incidence of leptospirosis in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This study uses an observational analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. The research location is in Bantul Regency with a sample of 200 research subjects. The sampling technique is fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was the incidence of leptospirosis and the independent variables were the physical condition of the house, the condition of the residential environment, the presence of rats, the presence of livestock or pets, near rivers, flooded areas, occupation, habits of using personal protective equipment, age and gender. The research instruments used were questionnaires and checklists and the data was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: Risk factors that increase the incidence of leptospirosis are poor home conditions (OR= 2.18; 95% CI = 1.12 to 4.24; p=0.022); Poor residential environmental conditions (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.33 to 5.03; p = 0.005); presence of rats inside and/or outside the home (OR = 4.51; 95% CI = 1.40 to 14.55; p = 0.012). The risk of leptospirosis infection decreases with the use of PPE (OR = 0.17; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.37; p<0.001).Conclusion: Poor house conditions, poor residential environmental conditions, the presence of rats inside and or outside the house are risk factors that increase the incidence of leptospirosis. Meanwhile, the use of PPE reduces the risk of leptospirosis infection
Is Social Capital Associated with Hypertension in Adults Visiting Integrated Health Posts for the Elderly? Nathanael Aditya Santoso; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.01

Abstract

Background: Social capital has been shown to play an important role in influencing an individual's health, including the incidence of hypertension in adulthood. Adults with hypertension who usually receive services at elderly posyandu with high strata are less likely to develop hypertension than posyandu with low strata. This study aims to determine the relationship between social capital and hypertension in adults in elderly posyandu.Subjects and Method: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in 25 Posyandu Elderly from May 2024 to July 2024 A total of 200 adult research subjects were selected using stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The independent variable in this study is social capital and the dependent variable is hypertension. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The analysis test in this study is a multilevel model double logistic regression analysis test conducted using the STATA 13 model.Results: Each increase in one unit of the social capital score will be followed by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.94 mmHg (b= -0.94; 95% CI = -1.48 to -0.40; p= 0.001) and a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.32 mmHg (b= -0.32; 95% CI = -0.56 to -0.08; p= 0.008). Each one-year increase in age will be followed by an increase in systolic blood pressure of 0.43 mmHg (b = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.16 to 0.70; p = 0.002) and an increase in diastolic blood pressure of 0.14 mmHg (b = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.70; p = 0.018). There was no difference in systolic blood pressure between men and women (b= -2.84; 95% CI = -8.04 to 2.36; p= 0.284).Conclusion: Individuals who have good social capital lower the risk of hypertension. Increasing age and gender of women increases the risk of hypertension.
Detection of Change Patterns in COVID-19 Deaths and the Implementation of Public Health Policies in Botswana Lebotsamang Abidile; Morvyn Nyakudya
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.07

Abstract

Background: At the earlier stages of COVID-19 disease, there were no pharmaceutical measures such as vaccines and medications available that could be used to either treat or reduce the spread of the virus. Countries worldwide reverted to implementing several non-pharmaceutical measures to end or at least reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. These included maintaining the physical distance of 1-2 meters in all gatherings, washing hands with soap and clean water, sanitizing hands, and wearing face masks especially when physical distancing cannot be certain. In this study, we aim to determine the change patterns or turning points in COVID-19 deaths, particularly those that occurred in Botswana.Subjects and Method: The study used a retrospective cohort study conducted in Botswana for a period ranging from the 14th May 2020 up to the 3rd March 2022. The population covered for this study comprised of all persons who were susceptible to COVID-19 in Botswana. The researcher used secondary data sourced from Botswana’s Ministry of Health and Wellness. Data for this study were statistically analysed using R software version 4.1.3 to apply the simulation methods.Results: High numbers of COVID-19 deaths in Botswana were recorded starting from week 59 to week 69 and the numbers declined from week 70 to week 75. Altogether, COVID-19 deaths in Botswana have been rising since 14th May 2020 until 3rd March 2022.Conclusion: It is important for the Government of Botswana through Ministry of Health and Well-ness to ensure that COVID-19 restrictions are slowly relaxed to avoid the recurrence of the disease. COVID-19 adherence protocols should be strictly enforced by the Ministry more especially during winter seasons as well as public holidays.
Public Knowledge and Practices Toward Sun Exposure and Use of Sun Protection in Sibu Municipal Council Area, Sarawak, Malaysia Nay Lwin; Hlaing Thaw Dar; Soe Min Htut
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.10

Abstract

Background: Understanding the risks and benefits of sun exposure promotes overall health and well-being by encouraging safe sun practices. The study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of sun protection in the public towards the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia among 302 respondents, from October to November 2023. The respondents were recruited by a convenience sampling method. Research team members interviewed the respondents by using questionnaires with the study variables were age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupations of respondence, knowledge, practice and the reasons to use sunscreen protection. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency tables and inferential statistics with p-value.Results: More than half of the participants (56%) had average knowledge about the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure, and 83.1% had moderate levels of sun protection practice. Most participants wore long-sleeved clothing for sun protection and practice for physical appearance, sense of vulnerability or fear, and peer pressure. The statistical results showed no significant difference in practice between different age groups, ethnic groups, education levels, or occupations, and a significant difference was found between genders.Conclusion: Targeted interventions are needed to improve sun protection practices and reduce skin damage and cancer.

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