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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 419 Documents
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Effects of Social Network, Social Trust, and Social Participation on Depression: A Meta-Analysis Alifia Nadhimah Putri; Shafa Latifah; Virdaria Andriani; Bhisma Murti; Siti Mar’atul Munawaroh
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.12

Abstract

Background: An estimated 3.8% of the population is depressed, including 5% of adults (4% in men and 6% in women), and 5.7% of adults over the age of 60. Around 280 million people in the world are depressed (World Health Organization, 2023). Depression not only impairs functional abilities, lowers the quality of life, and increases the mortality rate of the elderly, but also poses a heavy economic burden on the elderly themselves, the community, and the health care system. This study aims to determine the effects of social network, social trust, and social participation on depression.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis study was carried out according to the PRISMA flowchart and the PICO model. Population: adults. Intervention: high social network, high social trust, and high social participation. Comparison: low social network, low social trust, and low social participation. Outcome: Depression. The basic data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, Science-Direct, and Springer Link. Multivariate analysis criteria that attach aOR values. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: Seven primary studies were used to analyze trust with depression. Adults with high trust may lower depression 0.80 times compared with low trust (OR= 0.80; 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.83); p<0.001). Five primary studies were used to analyze social participants with depression. Adults with high social participation may reduce depression by 0.81 times compared to low social participants (OR= 0.81; 95% CI= 0.75 to 0.88; p<0.001). Four primary studies were used to analyze social networks with depression. Adults with high social networks may reduce depression by 0.62 times compared with low social networks (OR= 0.62; 95% CI= 0.57 to 0.68; p<0.001).Conclusion: Social networks, social trust, and social participation reduce depression in adults.
Factors Affecting Mortality in People Living with HIV with Antiretroviral Therapy: A Meta-Analysis Fauziah Shinta Anindita; Fenita Indriani; Bhisma Murti; Nindita Arum Veibiani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.08

Abstract

Background: TB is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV. In 2020, an estimated 214,000 people living with HIV died from TB. People with AIDS have a severely damaged immune system. They are increasingly suffering from severe diseases, called opportunistic infections (OI). This study aims to analyze and estimate the influence of gender, TB Coinfection, Opportunistic Infection on mortality in ODHIV with Antiretroviral Therapy.Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA flowchart and the PICO model. Population: ODHIV with ART. Intervention: Women, Co-infected TB, Opportunistic Infections. Comparison: Male, no co-infected TB, no Opportunistic Infection. Outcome: Mortality Article search using Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct databases. The keywods used include "HAART" or "HIV" or "HIV/AIDS" and "Gender" and "TB Coinfections" or "TB" and "Opportunistic Infections" and "Mortality" and "Antiretroviral Treatment". The 17 included articles are fulltext in English with a cohort design study from 2008 to 2023 and report on the Hazard Ratio in a multivariate analysis. Data analysis using the RevMan 5.3 application.Results: A total of 17 cohort studies involving 23,651 research subjects from Vietnam, China, Japan, Ethiopia, and South Africa. The data collected showed that female ODHIV had a mortality risk of 0.7 times compared to male ODHIV (aHR= 0.70; CI 95%=0.60 to 0.79; p<0.001). In ODHIV with coinfected TB has a mortality risk of 1.86 times compared to ODHIV without coinfected TB (aHR= 1.89; CI 95%=1.36 to 2.61; p<0.001). ODHIV with Opportunistic Infection has a 1.90-fold risk of mortality compared to ODHIV without Opportunistic Infection (aHR= 1.90; CI 95%=1.50 to 2.42; p<0.001).Conclusion: Female gender decreases the risk of mortality, while TB coinfection and Opportunistic infection increase the risk of mortality in ODHIV with Antiretroviral Therapy.
Effects of Condom Use, Anal Bleeding, and Group Sex on the Risk of HIV Infection in Men Who Have Sex: A Meta-Analysis La Karman Gojali; Dinda Nabila Silva Diba; Jihan Nabilla; Bhisma Murti; Elsa Tursina
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.06

Abstract

Background: Sexual transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) continues to increase. There are several factors that affect the occurrence of HIV infection in Male Sex Addiction. In this study, we will discuss three factors, namely condom use, anal bleeding and sex group ownership. This study aims to analyze and estimate the strength of the relationship between the incidence of HIV infection and condom use, anal bleeding, and sex group ownership.Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted using the PICO model. Population: male sex male. Intervention: not using condoms, anal bleeding after sex, and having sex groups. Comparison: using a condom, no anal bleeding after sex, and no sex group. Outcome: HIV infection. The basic data used includes Google Scholar, Proquest, Scopus, PubMed, Zendy, ScienceDirect, BMC, Elsivier, and Springer Link. The inclusion criteria are full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design using multivariate and attaching aOR values and published 1996-2023. The Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: This meta-analysis was carried out on seven cross-sectional studies originating from China, Tanzania, and Brazil. Total sample size=13,188 people. The risk of HIV infection in men who have sex with men increased with the use of no condoms (aOR= 1.35; CI 95%= 1.10 to 1.65; p= 0.004), there was anal bleeding after sex (aOR= 1.89; CI 95%= 1.53 to 2.34; p<0.001), and group sex (aOR= 2.30; CI 95%= 1.62 to 3.25); p<0.001).Conclusion: The risk of HIV infection in men who have sex with men increases by not using condoms, having anal bleeding after sex, and having group sex.
Multilevel Analysis of Factors Affecting Depression Risk among the Elderly: Loneliness, Living Status, Physical Activity, Age, Gender, and Education Emirza Nur Wicaksono; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; Hanung Prasetya; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.11

Abstract

Background: There is still a high prevalence of depression in the elderly which is affected by loneliness, low physical activity, gender, last education, and residence status. Elderly people who live alone or have lost a life partner are more prone to depression. Although family support and public health services such as Posyandu are expected to protect against the risk of depression, there have not been many studies that have examined in depth the influence of Posyandu as a contextual factor in reducing the risk of depression in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the influence of these factors and the role of Posyandu in reducing the risk of depression.Subjects and Method: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in 25 Posyandu Elderly in Grogol District, Sukoharjo Regency from August to September 2024. A total of 204 elderly respon-dents aged 60 years and above were selected using Stratified Random Sampling. The dependent variable in this study was depression collected using the PHQ-9 questionnaire, and loneliness was assessed by the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Other independent variables such as physical activity, gender, education, and life status were collected through structured interviews. Multilevel linear regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship between these factors and the risk of depression, taking into account the individual and contextual levels (Posyandu).Results: The average age of the respondents was 66.27 years old (Mean = 66.26, SD = 5.16), with 79.41% of them being female. Loneliness was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression (b= 0.05; CI 95%= 0.07 to 0.10; p=0.024), while living with family reduces the risk of depression (b= -6.33; CI 95%= -8.26 to -4.40; p<0.001). Physical activity did not show a significant association with depression. Gender, education level, and age are also not significant predictors of depression. Contextual speaking, posyandu has no effect as a contextual variable on the variable of depression in the Grogol sub-district (ICC=2.64%).Conclusion: Loneliness is a significant risk factor for depression in the elderly while living with family also reduces the risk of depression in the elderly.
The Relationships between Family Support, Age, and Gender with Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital Rizky Nur Aprilianti Amalia; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.09

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney failure (CKD) is a non-communicable disease in which kidney function begins to decline progressively in a matter of months or even years and can affect the patient's quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of family support, gender and age on the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital in June 2024. The target population of the study was 920 patients with chronic kidney failure at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. A total of 200 study subjects were selected using simple random sampling. The dependent variables are family support, age, and gender. The independent variable is quality of life. The study instruments used were questionnaires and checklists and the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and processed using Stata 13.Results:There was a statistically significant relationship between family support and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney failure. Each increase in family support score by one unit will be followed by an improvement in the quality of life of chronic kidney failure patients by 0.31 units (b = 0.31; CI 95% = 0.42 to 0.57; p = 0.023). Statistically, there is a significant relationship between age and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure. Each one-year increase in age will be followed by an improvement in the quality of life of chronic kidney failure patients by 0.02 units (b = 0.02; CI 95% = 0.05 to 0.38; p = 0.012). There is a very small difference in quality of life between female and male chronic kidney failure patients. Female patients with chronic kidney failure were 0.01 years lower than men, but the difference was statistically very insignificant (b = -0.80; CI 95% = -0.51 to 0.50; p = 0.975).Conclusion: There was a positive relationship between family support and age and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney failure and there was no significant difference by gender between women and men.
Investigating the Impact of Social Capital on Elderly Quality of Life in Surakarta: A Multilevel Analysis Mentary Febryant Putry; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.06

Abstract

Background: A good quality of life is the goal of every individual in life. This quality of life indicates that a person is healthy and prosperous, so that they can live a normal life in the community, especially for the elderly population. This study aims to analyze the variables of the influence of social capital on the quality of life of the elderly at the individual level and the posyandu level.Subjects and Method: This study is a study using a cross-sectional design conducted in 25 elderly posyandu in Surakarta from August to September 2024. The sample consisted of 200 elderly people who were selected by probability sampling. The independent variable in this study is social capital. The dependent variable is quality of life. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire. The analysis data uses multilevel analysis.Results: The results of the multilevel analysis that has been carried out in this study stated that the social capital and quality of life of the elderly (b=1.29; CI 95%= 1.12 to 1.47; p<0.001), directly influenced by age (b=0-1.16; CI 95%= -3.64 to 1.31; p= 0.035), gender (b=8.91; CI 95%= 7.21 to 10.62; p<0.001), education (b=10.27; CI 95% = 8.73 to 11.81; p<0.001).Conclusion: Social capital has a statistically significant positive influence on the quality of life of the elderly.  
Hazard Quotient Association of SO2 Exposure to Respiratory Symptoms: Study on Scavengers in Sarimukti Landfill, West Bandung Regency, East Java, Indonesia Tina Shinta Parulian; Yura Witsqa Firmansyah; Susanti Niman
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.12

Abstract

Background: The WHO reported that airborne diseases were responsible for 39 million deaths, accounting for 57% of the total 68 million deaths worldwide in 2021. Landfills are a significant source of air pollution, producing sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas, which is harmful to respiratory health, particularly the lungs. This study aims to examine the relationship between the hazard quotient of SO2 exposure and respiratory symptoms among scavengers at the Sarimukti landfill in West Bandung Regency, using an environmental health risk analysis approach.Subjects and Method: The research contributes to exposure risk management by establishing safe thresholds for SO2 concentration, exposure time, and frequency for scavengers. This study adopts a correlation design with a longitudinal approach. The sample consisted of 101 scavengers selected through accidental sampling. Pollutant measurements were taken at two locations within the Sarimukti landfill. The independent variable in this study is the hazard quotient value of SO2 expo-sure, while the dependent variable is respiratory symptoms in scavengers.Results: The results indicated a (OR= 15.83; 95% CI= 1.10 to 226.67; p= 0.008). Risk management is based on a safe SO2 concentration limit of 14.18 µg/m³, an exposure time of 15 hours, and an exposure frequency of 637 days over 30 years.Conclusion: The measurement result of SO2 concentration of 7.38 µg/m³ is still below the specified quality standard of 150 µg/m³. However, through the calculation of the hazard quotient, the concentration exceeds the safe limit (HQ >= 1). The implication of this study in preventing the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in waste pickers is the use of PPE, limiting working hours and days in the landfill.
Prevalence of Infections Caused by Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus and Their Co-Infection in A Tertiary Care Centre, Delhi, India Manoj Kumar; Sanjay Jain
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.01.08

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B and C are the most dominant causes of viral hepatitis, leading to both acute and chronic infections. This study was done to determine the magnitude of the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C and their co-infection.Subjects and Method: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, North DMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, Delhi, India from July 2023 to June 2024. All blood samples received from indoor and outdoor patients from all departments were tested by Monolisa HBsAg Ultra and anti-HCV(Ag-Ab Ultra V2) Monolisa by ELISA method. The variables studied were age, sex, in-patient/out-patient, and type of ward. The data was analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Mann-Whitney test.Results: Of a total of 20,000 blood samples received, 5,358(26.80%) samples were from inpatient department/IPD (2,210 female, 3,148 male) and 14642 (73.20%) and outpatient department/OPD (9,201 female, 5,441 male). 422 samples (2.11%) were positive for HBsAg (210 IPD -77 female, 133 male; 212 OPD - 121 female, 91 male) and 614 (3.07%) for anti-HCV (408 IPD - 135 female, 273 male; 206 OPD - 100 female, 106 male). Co-infection of Hepatitis B and C viruses was seen in 40 patients, 31 IPD (10 female, 21 male) and 9 OPD (1 female, 8 male). Maximum cases were seen from medicine wards among IPD patients of HBsAg positive, anti-HCV positive, and co-infection and in the age group 41-60 years in all three categories.Conclusion: Screening for HBV and HCV infection is compulsory so that preventive measures are implemented to improve public health.
Poisson Probability Count Variable Model and An Eigen-Bayesian Semi Parametric Eigen Autocorrelation for Optimizing Mapping Fentanyl Mortality in Hillsborough County, Florida Caleb Jaramillo; Alexander Gambrell; Heather McDonald; Namit Choudhari; Sasha Mosichs; Benjamin Jacob
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.08

Abstract

Background: Currently, there is a lack of precision count variable models for mapping fentanyl fatalities. The primary objective of this article is to develop a predictive count variable model for mapping county level fentanyl related deaths using scalable zip code capture point census data.Subjects and Method: This ecological study focused on all zip codes within Hillsborough County, Florida. The target population included residents across these zip codes, with fentanyl related mortality data aggregated per area. Total population sampling was applied using secondary data from census and mortality records. The dependent variable was the count of fentanyl related deaths, while independent variables included sociodemographic indicators obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Variable measurements were based on standardized public data sources. Data were analyzed using a multicount Poisson regression model. As no overdispersion was detected (variance inflation factor <10), neither negative binomial regression nor stepwise regression was required. Spatial analysis and autocorrelation were conducted using ArcGIS, with the primary predictor further interpolated to identify geographic patterns.Results: Variable selection for the primary predictor was performed by observing the relationship between the standard error of each tested independent variable and its associated Z score. Given the identified relationship between fentanyl mortality and white populations, from the selection process, a spatial autocorrelation hot and cold spot analysis was conducted. This analysis identified zip codes with the highest and lowest predicted likelihood of fentanyl caused deaths (as opposed to deaths where fentanyl was merely present). The identified zip code locations were 33647 and 33810 for the hot spots.Conclusion: Count variable models and autocorrelation hot/cold spot mapping offer a methodological framework for future modeling efforts to predict locations of fentanyl mortality for preven-tative means.
Factors Associated with Dyslipidemia among Workers: A Path Analysis Fenita Indriani; Sumardiyono; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.02

Abstract

Background: The results of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey show that 39.5% of the Indonesian population aged ≥ 15 years old have abnormal total cholesterol levels. Dyslipidemia or plasma lipid abnormalities play a major role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis on the walls of blood vessels which is the cause of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that affect dyslipidemia in workers.Subjects and Method: This study uses an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Yogyakarta Labkesmas Center in October 2024 with a total of 150 worker study subjects. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling, namely total sampling. The independent variables in this study were BMI, glucose levels, stress, and depression while the dependent variables were total cholesterol levels. Data collection was carried out using secondary data and questionnaires, the data was analyzed by path analysis.Results: Each increase of one mg/dL of glucose level (b = 0.24; CI 95%= 0.09 to 0.39; p = 0.002) and one unit of depression (b = 0.16; CI 95%= 0.01 to 0.31; p= 0.043) will be followed by an increase in total cholesterol levels. Any increase in BMI through a mediator of glucose levels and stress through a mediator of depression will be followed by an increase in total cholesterol levels.Conclusion: Total cholesterol levels increase with increased glucose levels and depression levels. Total cholesterol levels are indirectly affected by BMI through glucose level mediators and stress levels through depression mediators.  

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