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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 419 Documents
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Assessing the Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Adults Aulia Putri Nugraheni; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.04

Abstract

Background: Depression is a mental health problem that affects an individual's quality of life. Previous studies have shown that individuals with high social capital are less likely to experience depression. Understanding the dynamics of social capital and its impact on depression is essential for developing interventions and policies that can improve mental well-being at both the individual and community levels. This study aims to analyze the influence of structural, cognitive, and relational social capital on depression in adults.Subjects and Method: This study is a cross-sectional study carried out in Klaten, Central Java in September-October 2024. Population of 726,839 adults and a sample of 200 adults aged 19-59 years were selected using multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. Depression data was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and other data using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using the Structural Equation Model run on STATA 13.Results: Strong social capital lowered adults' risk of depression (b= -0.39; CI 95%= -0.56 to -0.23; p= 0.001). The older you get, the lower the depression score (b= -0.17; CI 95%= -0.31 to -0.03; p= 0.018). The social capital construct in this study is positively and statistically significant by the structural social capital component (b= 0.75; CI 95%= 0.58 to 0.92; p= 0.001), cognitive social capital component (b= 0.56; CI 95%= 0.39 to 0.73; p= 0.001), and the relational social capital component (b= 0.62; CI 95%= 0.48 to 0.76; p= 0.001). The SEM model showed a good fit (Chi-square p= 0.113; RMSEA= 0.070; CFI= 0.98; TLI= 0.93; SRMR= 0.03).Conclusion: Strong social capital and increasing age lower the risk of depression in adults. The social capital construct is positively and statistically significant by the components of structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. This SEM model shows a good fit.
Environmental Knowledge and Participation in Waste Banks: Promoting Plastic Waste Reduction in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia Sutaryono; Hadi Ashar; Hastin Dyah Kusumawardani; Anas Rahmad Hidayat; Purwanti; Puji Lestari; Sukamsi; Teguh Setyaji; Dhanik Ernawati; Maria Prasasti Ragil Putri Widyaningrum; Tuti Susilowati; Heru Subaris Kasjono
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.06

Abstract

Background: Public awareness of environmental health in waste management is one of the causes of government problems in waste management, especially in tourist destination areas. The behavior of carrying shopping bags is one of the efforts to reduce the volume of non organic waste. The success of this behavior has many influencing factors, so the purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the behavior of carrying shopping bags in Borobudur District, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: Cross sectional analytic survey research in the Borobudur District area of 374 respondents. The time of this research was in November 2023, with a random sampling technique, and the research instrument was a questionnaire. This study analyzes six independent variables , and participants in the waste bank, on the dependent variable. We used the regression test. Logistics in the final stage.Results: High knowledge of waste management (AOR= 2.43; 95% CI= 1.04 to 5.65; p= 0.040) and participate in a waste bank (AOR= 3.27, 95% CI 1.92 to 5.58; p= 0.001) increased plastic waste reduction behavior. This study showed that there was no relationship between education, gender, occupation, and participants in the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS3R) Waste Management Site program on the shopping bag carrying behavior. Conclusion: High knowledge of waste management and participate in a waste bank increase plastic waste reduction behavior.
Justification of Intimate Partner Violence among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria: Analysis of 2011-2021 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Olaniyi Felix Sanni; Abike Elizabeth Sanni; Tukwasi Ahamuefula; Oluwadare Peter Akeju; Collins Isioma onyeagwaibe
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.03.01

Abstract

Background: Women around the world face Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) as one of the most widespread forms of abuse, making it a serious public health issue globally. This study seeks to analyse multi-year trends in the justification of intimate partner violence in Nigeria and identify key influencing factors.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2011, 2016/17, and 2021 Nigeria MICS, targeting women aged 15–49 across the country. A stratified two-stage sampling design ensured national representation. Justification of intimate partner violence was the main outcome, analysed using binomial logistic regression. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were estimated, with significance set at p < 0.050.Results: The prevalence of IPV justification was 37.2%. The trend peaked in 2011 at 37.3%, a decrease to 30.1% in 2016/17, and a rise to 32.6% in 2021. Factors associated with higher odds of IPV justification include women aged 25 to 34 (AOR= 0.96) and 44 to 49 (AOR= 0.85), non-formal education (AOR= 1.69), primary education (AOR= 1.84), and secondary education (AOR= 1.641). Additionally, living in rural areas (AOR= 1.278), being pregnant (AOR= 1.11), having a husband or partner with multiple spouses (AOR= 1.25), and belonging to the poorest (AOR= 1.92), middle (AOR= 1.63), or fourth (AOR= 1.48) wealth quintiles are linked to an increased likelihood of justifying IPVt.Conclusion: This study’s findings can assist the government and relevant organizations in designing strategies to reduce IPV justification by introducing proper education, poverty alleviation programs, and enlightening campaigns.
Exploring Diabetes Mellitus' Impact on Tuberculosis Outcomes: A Comprehensive Comparative Study Adawiyah Putri Diana; Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto; Retno Budiarti; Soedarsono; Hanung Prasetya; Oki Nugraha Putra
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.03

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top ten global causes of mortality, with approximately 1.3 million deaths annually. Diabetes elevates the risk of active TB and treatment failure, potentially increasing drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). This study aimed to compare treatment success rates between TB patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) at Dr. Ramelan Central Naval Hospital, Surabaya.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2023 at Dr. Ramelan Central Naval Hospital Surabaya. A total of 158 patients with TB-DM and TB-NonDM were selected using total sampling. The independent variables were the Presence of Diabetes Mellitus in TB patients (TB-DM vs. Non-TB-DM). The dependent variable was the treatment success rate. The data were collected from patient medical records and analyzed using a chi-square test to compare treatment outcomes between TB-DM and TB-Non-DM patients.Results: The analysis included 158 medical records. Predominantly affecting those over 45 years, both TB-DM and TB-Non-DM patients commonly underwent six months of treatment, with success rates of 78% in TB-DM and 82.4% in TB-Non-DM cases. The chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.511, indicating no significant difference in treatment success between the groups. However, older age and HIV-positive status were associated with lower odds of treatment success.Conclusion: Success rates were similar between the groups, showing no significant difference based on DM status. Despite similar success rates, older age and HIV-positive status were associated with lower odds of treatment success.
Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Violence on the Risk of Depression in Young Adult Women Ayu Saidah; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti; Achmad Arman Subijanto; Revi Gamma Hatta Novika
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.05

Abstract

Background: Depression due to dating violence is a serious problem that affects the mental health of many women, especially young adults. Dating violence, whether physical, emotional, or sexual, can interfere with psychological well-being and result in long-term consequences, one of which is depression. This study aims to analyze the relationship between experiences of dating violence and depression in victims, focusing on women aged 16 to 25 years.Subjects and Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Surakarta from October to December 2024. The study sample consisted of 200 female young adults in Surakarta City, selected through random sampling. The dependent variable was depression., Independent variables were physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis on Stata 13.Results: The risk of depression was directly influenced by emotional violence (b=0.49; 95%CI=0.39 to 0.60; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.21; 95%CI=0.09 to 0.32; p<0.001). Meanwhile, the indirect influence was physical violence (b=0.28; 95%CI=0.15 to 0.41; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.25; 95%CI=0.11 to 0.37; p<0.001).Conclusion: Emotional violence and sexual violence directly affect the risk of depression. The indirect influence of the risk of depression is physical violence and sexual violence.
A Stress and Resilience Among Adolescents Experiencing Unintended Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Raodiatul Jumiati; Andari Wuri Astuti; Mohammad Hakimi
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.03.03

Abstract

Background: Unintended pregnancy (UP) among adolescents represents a global issue with profound psychological, social, and emotional consequences. Adolescents experiencing UP often face social stigma, family pressure, and uncertainty about their future, which can lead to prolonged psychological distress. This study aims to explore the experiences of stress and the resilience strategies employed by adolescents dealing with UP.Subjects and Method: This research employs a scoping review methodology based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework, with the population consisting of adolescents, teenage girls, and young mothers. The concepts included stress, stress experience, resilience strategies, and coping mechanisms, and the context was applicable across various settings. Literature was sourced from databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect. Inclusion criteria comprised scholarly publications in English or Indonesian, primary research articles or relevant reviews addressing similar themes, and studies published within the last 10 years to ensure relevance. The PRISMA Flowchart illustrated the selection process, while the critical appraisal of the selected articles followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines.Results: UP is a significant contributor to psychological stress among adolescents, driven by social stigma, isolation, and a lack of emotional support. Nevertheless, resilience emerges as a crucial factor in managing such stress. Protective factors such as support from family and peers and emotional regulation training are pivotal in enhancing adolescent resilience.Conclusion: Community-based interventions focusing on fostering resilience through the development of psychological skills and stress management strategies are essential for supporting the mental health of pregnant adolescents.
Stunting and Its Implications on Cognitive Ability and Language Development Roy Romey Daulas Mangunsong
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.01

Abstract

Background: Stunting, a chronic nutritional disorder from prolonged inadequate intake, affects not only physical growth but also cognitive and language development. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and maternal education are important predictors of stunting risk. Guided by early childhood development theory, this study aims to analyze the implications of stunting on children's cognitive abilities and language development in Karanganyar Regency to inform effective intervention strategies.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, from April to August 2024. A total of 112 children were selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables were stunting status, cognitive ability, mid-upper arm circumference, and maternal education, while the dependent variable was language development. Data were collected through standardized measurements and structured interviews. Logistic regression analysis was performed using Stata 13 to examine the associations between variables.Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that delayed language development was significantly associated with stunting (OR=19.05; p<0.001), poor cognitive ability (OR=18.63; p<0.001), MUAC <13 cm (OR=9.41; p<0.001), and low maternal education (OR=21.21; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that stunting (b=2.09; 95% CI=1.02 to 3.16; p<0.001) and poor cognitive ability (b=2.06; 95% CI=0.99 to 3.13; p<0.001) had direct effects on delayed language development.Conclusion: Stunting directly impairs children's cognitive ability and language development. Additionally, maternal education and mid-upper arm circumference have indirect effects on these outcomes through their influence on stunting. These findings highlight the need for integrated nutritional and educational interventions to promote optimal child development.
Integration of Indonesian National Trauma Guideline into the Emergency Room System (Cipto Code Trauma System) Radi Muharris Mulyana; Ascobat Gani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.02

Abstract

Background: Indonesia has enacted the national trauma guideline since 2017 and Cipto Mangun-kusumo Hospital (CMH) has applied it since 2019 through the establishment of Cipto Code Trauma. This study aimed to describe the compliance, system adherence, performance and outcome associated with the Cipto Code Trauma system.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at CMH Emergency Room (ER) using direct observations and data from electronic health records (EHRs). Observations were performed on 106 trauma cases by convenience sampling to map clinical and non-clinical components using a checklist. We compared the implemented ER components against the 2017 national trauma guidelines, assessing the system compliance. Total sampling from EHRs was performed on 4,317 trauma patients to assess performance and outcome of Cipto Code Trauma system. The data were analyzed descriptively.Results: Observations from 106 trauma cases indicate that the Cipto Code Trauma meets all criteria from the national trauma guidelines. Performance indicators from 840 patients were achieved, including trauma team activation (87.6%), on-site multidisciplinary consultation (87.6%), time to physician assessment within five minutes (84.4%), except for length of stay under 4 hours (18.5%) and time to operating theatre within two hours (45.5%). Among the 4,317 trauma cases, the mortality rate for patients in the resuscitation category was 0.4%, while 39% of these patients were discharged directly from the ER.Conclusion: The Cipto Code Trauma at CMH has successfully integrated the Indonesian national trauma guidelines, meeting all required standards. However, further improvements are needed to enhance system adherence and performance.
Spatial Analysis of Determinants of Hypertension Incidence in Kota Lama Subdistrict, Kupang, Indonesia Dominggus Agustinus Isak Lenda; Pius Weraman; Yendris Krisno Syamruth; Apris A Adu; Anderias Umbu Roga
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.07

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart attack, and stroke are chronic non-communicable diseases influenced by genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be utilized for spatial analysis to identify risk factors, distribution patterns, and determinants of diseases, including hypertension. This study aims to examine the determinants of hypertension using a spatial analysis approach in Kota Lama Subdistrict, Kupang City.Subjects and Method: This study employed an ecological study design using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of residents aged ≥18 years in Kota Lama Subdistrict. A total of 400 individuals diagnosed with hypertension were selected using simple random sampling. The variables examined were age, overweight, lack of physical activity, high-salt diet, alcohol consumption, medication adherence, economic level, and distance to health facilities. Instruments used included a sphygmomanometer, microtoise, weight scale, and questionnaire. Spatial analysis was conducted using the GeoDa application with Regression, Bivariate Local Moran’s Index, Multivariate Local Geary, and Spatial Empirical Bayes tests.Results: The results showed significant associations and clustered spatial autocorrelation with low-to-high relative risk (RR) observed in the subdistricts of LLBK, Bonipoi, Solor, Fatubesi, Oeba, Nefonaek, and Pasir Panjang for the variables: age (p=0.001, I=0.70), overweight (p<0.001, I=0.64), lack of physical activity (p=0.00, I=0.63), high-salt diet (p=0.00, I=0.63), and alcohol consumption (p<0.001, I=0.69). There were no significant associations for variables such as irregular medication intake, economic level, and distance to health facilities, with p-values of 1.000 > α (0.050).Conclusion: Age, overweight, physical inactivity, high-salt diet, and alcohol consumption are significant determinants and show positive clustered spatial autocorrelation with hypertension. It is recommended that individuals over 40 years of age regularly monitor their blood pressure, maintain a healthy diet, engage in sufficient physical activity, and for those with hypertension, adhere to regular medication intake.
Lifestyle among Sports Students: Correlations of Physical Activity, Smoking, Coffee, Screen Time, and Sleep Quality Hani Astari; Kunjung Ashadi
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.03.11

Abstract

Background: A healthy lifestyle is an important factor in achieving a high quality of life.. However, research exploring the impact of smoking habits on physical activity levels among students remains limited. This study aims to determine the correlation between smoking habits and physical activity among sports students. Subjects and Methods: This quantitative research study employed a simple random sampling technique to select 105 students from the Sports Coaching Education program. The students completed self-administered questionnaires to assess their daily smoking habits and weekly physical activity levels. In this study, smoking habits are the dependent variable, while physical activity is the independent variable. The data were analyzed using the Spearman Correlation Test to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between the two variables. Results: The results indicated that 26% of the student population were active smokers, and 27% had insufficient levels of physical activity. Although no statistically significant correlation (p= 0.627) was found between smoking habits and physical activity among the students, a negative correlation trend (r= -0.048) was observed. This suggests that higher smoking levels may be associated with decreased physical activity levels. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that increased smoking may reduce physical activity participation. Therefore, promoting healthy lifestyles among students is crucial for enhancing their life quality.

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