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Indonesian Journal of Medicine

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Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret

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Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, focusing on the intersection of biomedical science, clinical medicine, and community medicine. The journal began its publication on August 20, 2015, and is published online three times yearly. It is academically designed for all physicians, health researchers, and health care professionals, regardless of their medical specialties, or type of employment.

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)" : 12 Documents clear

Analysis of the COVID-19 Severity Based on NLR and the Mortality Rate of Pregnant Women with COVID-19 at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia Rachma, Dhea Fitria; Prakosa, Teguh; Setyawan, Sigit; Laqif, Abdurahman
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease of the human respiratory system. Pregnant women are more susceptible to respiratory infections due to physiological changes in the immune and cardiopulmonary systems. Routine laboratory biomarkers such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and NLR are considered prognostic in COVID-19. This study aimed to analyzed the severity of COVID-19 based on NLR on the mortality of pregnant women with COVID-19 at Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This study used analytic observational with a cross-sectional. The study subjects were 82 pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19, aged over 18 years, and being treated at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta between March 2020 to January 2022. The samples were taken using the consecutive sampling technique. The independent variable is the severity of COVID-19 based on clinical presentation. The dependent variable is the laboratory results in lymphocytes, neutrophils, and NLR. Data were collected from medical records and anlayzed using SPSS software.Results: There was correlation between NLR on the severity of pregnant women with COVID-19 (Mean= 10.11; SD= 4.10; p= 0.026) and there was a significant correlation between NLR on the mortality rate of pregnant women with COVID-19 (Mean= 9.92; SD= 3.94; p<0.001).Conclusion: NLR affected the severity and the mortality rate among pregnant women with COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19, pregnancy, lymphocytes, neutrophils, NLR, mortalityCorrespondence: Dhea Fitria Rachma. Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. Email: dheaf1020@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: 085702594898.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 401-410https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.05

Differences in the Effect of the Combination of Home-Based Walking Exercise and Pursed Lip Breathing with Pranayama Exercise on Increasing Lung Capacity in COPD Conditions Haritsah, Nurul Fithriati; Windiastoni, Yoga Handita; Noerdjannah, Noerdjannah
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Data from the pulmonary disease polyclinic at Bangil Hospital showed an increase in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patient visits. In 2018 the number of COPD patients who visited the pulmonary disease clinic for the last 3 months was 219 COPD patients. COPD patients experience deficits in caring for themselves due to various symptoms that manifest as a manifestation of the development of COPD disease. This study aimed to determine the differences in the effect of the combination of home-based walking exercise and pursed lip breathing with pranayama exercise on increasing lung capacity in COPD conditions.Subjects and Method: The design of this study is a two-group pre and post-test design. As many as 8 respondents to the pursed lip breathing intervention and home-based walking exercise and 8 respondents to the pranayama exercise according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study compared the effect of walking exercises combined with pursed lip breathing and pranayama exercise on increasing lung vital capacity in COPD patients. The independent variable is lung capacity. The dependent variable is home-based walking exercise and pursed lip breathing This research was conducted once a week for 12 weeks in May-August 2021 at Dungus Madiun Lung Hospital. All categories were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney run on SPSS.Results: The results before being given the combination of pursed lip breathing and home-based exercises (Mean= 95.39; SD= 0.70) compared to after being given the combination of pursed lip breathing and home-based exercises (Mean= 98.08; SD= 1.23) and statistically significant p<0.001 increases lung capacity in COPD conditions. The results before being given pranayama exercises (Mean= 95.83; SD= 0.71), after being given pranayama exercises (Mean= 97.54; SD= 0.81) and statistically significant p<0.001 increased lung capacity in COPD conditions. score in the elderly was 32.57 (Mean= 32.57; SD= 4.49).Conclusion: There is an effect of giving a combination of home-based walking exercises and pursed lip breathing in increasing the lung capacity of COPD patients. There is an effect of providing pranayama exercise in increasing the lung capacity of COPD patients.Keywords: home-based walking exercise, pranayama exercise, pursed lip breathing, lung capacityCorrespondence: Nurul Fithriati Haritsah. Department of Physiotherapy, Health Polytechnic Surakarta, Ministry of Health. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta 57127, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: nurulfithriati_haritsa@yahoo.com.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 439-448https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.09

Meta-Analysis Predictors of Sufficient Pain Management among Children at Pre-hospital Medical Service Jadmiko, Arief Wahyudi; Adyani, Sang Ayu Made
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Safely treating pain in children is a critical but challenging task for emergency medical teams. Few studies have focused on pain management guidelines at the hospital or department level. This study aimed to examine predictors of good pain management in children in prehospital health services.Subject and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis study using PRISMA diagrams. The article search was conducted based on the PICO Model eligibility criteria. P: children with pre-hospital acute Pain. I: analgesic administration and male. C: no analgesic administration, and female. O: pain reduction. The articles used were from 5 databases: EBSCO, Pubmed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Science Direct. The search keywords for articles were as follows “pain management” OR “pain reduction” AND “predictors” AND “pre-hospital care” AND “children”. The inclusion criteria in this study include full-text articles with observational study designs, full-text available articles, the relationship size used is the adjusted Odds Ratio, articles published in the 2010-2022 range, and the research outcome is sufficient pain management or efficient pain reduction. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: There are 8 articles in this study, 2 from Australia, 1 from the United States, 1 from Switzerland, and 4 articles from the United Kingdom. The article was analyzed using the PRISMA flow diagram. The study results show that analgesic administration has increased the odds of 3.36 times greater for pain reduction than without analgesic administration. This result was statistically significant (aOR= 3.36; 95% CI = 1.94 to 5.82; p<0.001). However, no significant results from the gender that showed there is no different between male and female patients for pain reduction (aOR= 1.12; 95% CI= 0.98 to 1.27; p= 0.100).Conclusion: Analgesic administration is sufficient pain management for children with acute Pain in pre-hospital medical care.Keywords: children, pre-hospital care, pain management, predictorsCorrespondence: Arief Wahyudi Jadmiko. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. Jl. Raya Limo Depok 16515 West Java, Indonesia. Email: ariefwjadmiko@gmail.com. Mobile: 085647213628.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 360-370https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.01

The Difference Effect of Special Cervical Collar with Height of 5 cm and 6 cm to Reduce Neck Pain among Students in Karanganyar, Central Java Zubaidi, Alfan; Fadli, Arif
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Specific cervical collars need to be standardized in order to effectively and efficiently reduce cervical syndrome pain. This condition occurs because the radicle vertebrae are compressed in the long term and even pain can radiate to both shoulders and even to the arches of both hands, this condition will result in abnormal and rapid fatigue. The purpose of this study was to find a standardized cervical collar design specifically to reduce cervical syndrome pain in Tahfidz Karanganyar Islamic boarding school students.Subjects and Method: This was a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study which was con-ducted from March 2022 to August 2022 in all Tahfidz Islamic boarding schools in Karang-anyar, Central Java, Indonesia. The sample in this study were 160 students with cervical syndrome. Each group in this study consisted of 80 students who were divided into control and treatment groups using simple random sampling. The dependent variable in this study is neck pain (cervical syndrome). The independent variable is the use of the cervical collar. Data analysis uses the Independent samples t-test if the data is normal, and uses the Mann Whitney test if the data is not normal.Results: After the intervention was given, the results showed that the average pain in the intervention group using a special collar as high as 6 cm (Mean = 1.11; SD = 0.39) was lower in pain compared to the control group using a special collar as high as 5 cm (Mean = 3.50; SD = 0.57) and statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: The use of a special cervical collar with a height of 6 cm is more effective in reducing pain than a special cervical collar with a height of 5 cm.Keywords: cervical syndrome, cervical collar, special cervical collar with a height of 6 cm and 5 cm.Correspondence: Alfan Zubaidi. Department of Orthotic Prosthetic, Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Letjen Sutoyo, Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email :drsalfanzubaidi@gmail.com.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 411-416https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.06

Mortality of TB-HIV Co-Infection Patients Based on CD4 Level: Meta-Analysis Sari, Victoria Husadani Permata; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of death in patients with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Understanding CD4 as a predictor of mortality from TBHIV coinfection is critical to improving disease management and minimizing mortality. This study aims to examine the mortality risk of TBHIV-coinfected patients based on CD4 values.Subjects and Method: Metaanalysis was performed according to the PRISMA flow chart and the PICO model (Population: TBHIV coinfected patients, Intervention: CD4 value <200 cells/µL, Comparison: CD4≥200 cells/µL, Outcome: mortality). The databases used are Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Proquest, and Science Direct. Keywords used (coinfection OR "mixed infection") AND (HIV OR "Human Immunodeficiency Virus") AND (TB OR “tuberculosis”) AND ("CD4 count" OR "T4 lymphocyte") AND “mortality”. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles with cohort studies published in 20122022, articles in English, and multivariate analysis using the adjusted hazard ratio. Analysis was performed with Revman 5.3.Results: 17 articles with cohort design originating from Ethiopia, Khayelitsha, Kenya, Cape Town, Uganda, Brazil, Suriname, Sao Paulo, Guinea Bissau, Myanmar, Durban, Ireland, China, and multicountry studies between Europe and Latin America totaling 24,514 research sample. A meta-analysis of 10 study cohorts concluded that CD4<200 cells/µL had a 2.00 times risk of mortality compared with CD4 values ≥200 cells/µL (aHR=2.00; 95% CI 1.44 to 2.78; p<0.001). A meta-analysis of 7 study cohorts concluded that CD4<100 cells/µL had a 2.40 time risk of mortality compared with CD4 values≥200 cells/µL (aHR=2.40; 95% CI 1.61 to 3.57; p<0.001). A meta-analysis of 7 study cohorts concluded that CD4<50 cells/µL had a 3.12 times risk of mortality compared with CD4 values≥200 cells/μL (aHR=3.12; 95% CI 1.51 to 6.46; p<0.001).Conclusion: Decreased CD4 values increase the risk of mortality.Keywords: tuberculosis, HIV, CD4, mortality, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Victoria Husadani Permata Sari. Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: victoriahusadani@gmail.com. Mobile: 081393539020.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 456470https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.11

Correlation between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Blood Pressure in Elderly Filmasari, Fitri; Rahman, Farid; Kusworo, Young Ari
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Due to its strong association with major morbidity and mortality in the elderly, such as heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and death, hypertension is currently one of the health problems associated with non-communicable diseases. It is certainly influenced by various vari¬ables, one of which is one’s cardiorespiratory fitness which can affect blood pressure. The study aims to find out if there is a correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and blood pressure in the elderly.Subjects and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Pepe Village, Kwarasan, Juwiring, Klaten, Central Java. A sample of 31 elderly people was selected by using purposive sampling. The dependent variable was blood pressure. The independent variable was cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by the Six Minute Walking Test (SMWT). Blood pressure was measured with a sphygmomanometer. The correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and blood pressure was tested using Pearson correlation and Spearman rho with a 95% confidence interval and p<0.050 statistical meaningfulness.Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness lowered systolic blood pressure by 0.14 mmHg (r= -0.14; p= 0.442) and diastolic blood pressure by 0.55 mmHg (r= -0.55; p= 0.771), but both were statistically insignificant.Conclusion: There was no relationship between blood pressure and physical fitness in the elderly.Keywords: hypertension, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, six-minute walking test, elderly.Correspondence: Farid Rahman. Study Program of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Jl. Ahmad Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Surakarta, Central Java 57162, Indonesia. Email: Fr280@ums.ac.id. Mobile: 085223333141.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 379-386https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.03

The Effects of Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidities on the Risk of Treatment Failure in Tuberculosis Patients: A Meta-Analysis Iswahyuni, Sri; Fauziah, Ani Nur; Indarto, Indarto; Atmojo, Joko Tri; Widiyanto, Aris
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Tuberculosis or TB is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. There are several comorbidities that experience severity and death when infected with tuberculosis or TB, namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the risk of treatment failure in Tuberculosis patients with Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity, with a meta-analysis of primary studies conducted by previous authors.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: tuberculosis patients. Intervention: chronic comorbid diabetes mellitus. Comparison: without comorbid diabetes mellitus. Outcome: treatment failure. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “Tuberculosis” OR “TBC” AND “Diabetes Mellitus” OR “DM” AND “Treatment failure”. The included article is a full-text English cohort study design from 2007 to 2021 and reports the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in multivariate analysis. The selection of articles is done using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 cohort studies involving TB patients undergoing treatment from America, Europe, Africa and Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment with comorbid diabetes mellitus had a 1.57 time the risk of treatment failure compared to patients without comorbid diabetes mellitus (aOR= 1.57; 95% CI= 1.08 to 2.30; p= 0.002).Conclusion: Comorbidity Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of experiencing treatment failure in tuberculosis patients.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, mortality.Correspondence: Sri Iswahyuni. School of Health Sciences Mamba’ul Ulum Surakarta. Jl. Ringroad Utara, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: iswahyunisri@yahoo.co.id. Mobile: +62 815-6720-715.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 417-427https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.07

Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil Administration to Increase HDL, Decrease LDL and IL-6 in Hypercholesterol Male Wistar Rats Maulidia, Meli; Wibowo, Joko Wahyu; Sumarawati, Titiek
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Hypercholesterol is a change in blood lipid profile levels, from rising cholesterol levels that can be triggered by frequent consumption of fatty foods. Hypercholesterol causes adipose tissue and macrophages to release inflammatory cytokines, then adipose cells release IL-6 and spur the formation of CRP. This study aimed to determine the effect of Virgin coconut oil (VCO) on changes in HDL, LDL, and IL-6 levels in hyper cholesterol mice.Subjects and Method: This randomized controlled trial was carried out at the PSPG UGM Nutrition Laboratory in August 2021. The total number of samples used was 20 tails and 4 spare tails, namely 24 male Wistar strain rats. Sampling using simple random sampling. The independent variables in this study were the dose of VCO 0.9 ml/200g BW/day, and 0.45 ml/200g BW/day. The dependent variables in this study were HDL, LDL, and IL-6 cholesterol levels in male Wistar rats. The data in the analysis used a normality test with the Shapiro-Wilk test and a data homogeneity test with the Levane test. HDL dan LDL levels were measured using a lysis reagent, while IL-6 was measured using the ELISA method.Results: Average LDL and HDL levels are highest in the P1 group compared to the P2, K0, and K1 groups. The One Way Anova test on HDL levels showed a significant difference between groups with p<0.001. One Way Anova test results on LDL and IL-6 levels showed significant differences between the groups (p<0.001) and (p= 0.004).Conclusion: Administering VCO at a dose of 0.9 mL/ 200 g BB/day 0.45 mL/200 g BB/day, and 86.4 mg/200 g can increase HDL and IL-6 levels in male rats Wistar strain with hyper cholesterol and lowered LDL levels by the same dose in male mice with hyper cholesterol.Keywords: hyper cholesterol, HDL, LDL, IL-6Correspondence: Meli Maulidia, Magister Ilmu Biomedik, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Jl. Raya Kaligawe Km.04 Semarang 50112, Central Jawa, Indonesia. Email: maulidia.dr@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285740003464.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 471-478https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.12

Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Quality of Life in the Elderly Qomariyah, Qomariyah; Rahman, Farid
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: The aging process occurs so fast, therefore the quality of life of the elderly needs to be very concerned. Cardiorespiratory fitness is one of the predictor factors to improve the quality of life in the elderly. The study aims to find out whether there is a relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and the quality of life of the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Dukuh Pepe, Kwarasan, Juwiring, Klaten, Central Java. A sample of 31 elderly (aged 50-70 years) was selected using the purposive sampling method. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variable was cardiorespiratory fitness. Quality of life was measured by Ina's whoqol-breff questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a six-minute walking test. The data were analyzed with the spearman correlation test and the simple linear regression test.Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness improved the quality of life in the elderly in the physical health domain (OR= 44.55; 95% CI= 20.49 to 68.62), psychological domain (OR= 51. 14; 95% CI= 26.10 to 76.19), personal relationship domain, (OR= 76.94; 95% CI= 52.57 to 101.30), environmental domain (OR= 78.92; 95% CI= 49.51 to 108.33) although it was statistically insignificant.Conclusion: There was no relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas in the aspects of the physical health domain, the psychological domain, the personal relationship domain, and the environmental domain.Keywords: cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, elderly, six-minute walking test, whoqol-breff.Correspondence: Farid Rahman. Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Jl. Ahmad Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Surakarta, Central Java 57162, Indonesia. Email: Fr280@ums.ac.id. Mobile: 085223333141.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 371-378https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.02

The Efficacy of Aquatic Therapy for Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Rachmat, Ahdiyat Ananta; Wahyuni, Wahyuni
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that affects adults to the elderly in which the incidence and prevalence of OA will increase with age. One of the interventions to reduce pain for improving the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis is by providing aquatic therapy. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of aquatic therapy for pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Subjects and Method: It was a metaanalysis study using PICO. P: patients with knee osteoarthritis. I: aquatic therapy. C: nonaquatic therapy. O: reduced pain. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases namely Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The keywords used were "osteoarthritis knee" OR "OA knee" AND "aquatic" OR "aquatic physiotherapy" OR "aquatic therapy" OR "aquatic exercise" OR "hydrotherapy" AND "quality of life" OR "QOL" AND "pain" and "RCT" or "randomized control trial". The article included in this study was a fulltext article with a Randomized Controlled Trial study design. The Review Manager 5.3 application was used to analyze articles. Results from the metaanalysis were reported using the PRISMA flow diagram.Results: A total of 9 articles that had been analyzed were from Spain, Thailand, Brazil, Australia, New Zealand, Korea, and Italy. Studies show that elderly with knee osteoarthritis who obtained aquatic therapy experienced lower pain by 0.62 units than those who did not obtain aquatic therapy thus improving the quality of life, and this effect was claimed to be statistically significant (SMD = 0.62; CI 95% 1.13 to 0.11; p <0.001).Conclusion: Aquatic therapy reduces pain and has an impact on improving quality of life.Keywords: aquatic therapy, knee osteoarthritis, pain, quality of life.Correspondence: Ahdiyat Ananta Rachmat, Study Program of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Jl. A. Yani, Mendungan, Pabelan, Kartasura, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java 57169, Indonesia. Email: ahdytannta@gmail.com. Phone: 082255733709.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 428-438https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.08

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