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Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
ISSN : 2549385X     EISSN : 26215985     DOI : 10.21580/wjc
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Walisongo journal of chemistry is a peer reviewed and open access journal published by Chemistry Department, faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Walisongo Semarang. This journal covering all areas of chemistry including inorganic, organic, physic, analytic, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry. Walisongo Journal of Chemistry publish two issues annually (July and October). Article which accepted in this journal was written by Bahasa and English.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 203 Documents
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Synthesis of Biodiesel from Avocado Seed Oil Transesterification Method Using Beef Bone Catalyst Fajar, Dimas Rizqi; Baihaqi, Muhammad Yusril; Maharani, Natalia Nada; Salim, Soma
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.15334

Abstract

Avocado seeds have a relatively high content of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, so they have the potential to be used as raw material for biodiesel. The process of processing biodiesel from avocado seeds is through a transesterification reaction, using a heterogeneous catalyst in the form of a stable bovine bone and green technology. This study uses a cow bone catalyst to produce biodiesel from avocado seed oil through a transesterification process. Biodiesel has characteristics; density of 0.75 g/cm3, FFA 0.468%, and acid number 0.732 mg-KOH/g. The transesterification process at 60° for 1 hour obtained an FFA of 1.50% to 0.468% and yield biodiesel 28.8%. The research showed that all biodiesel quality tests at SNI 04-7182-2015 except for the quality density test. The FTIR results of biodiesel are: wave number 2585-2956 cm-1 C-C (alkane) asymmetrical stretching shows free fatty acid chain bonds, 1749.88 cm-1 Carbonyl ester group C=O, peak-C-H group wavelength at 1459 cm-1, The position of the carbonyl ester is strengthened by the presence of the C-O ester position at a wavelength at 1378 cm-1, the C-H group (alkane) with a length at 1060 cm-1.
Optimization of Silver Nanoparticle Biosynthesis with Papaya (Carica Papaya L) Seed Ethanol Extract and its Evaluation on Antibacterial Effects Rahma, Alifa Noora; Suratno, Suratno
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.14660

Abstract

The utilization of papaya plants (Carica papaya L) heretofore is focusing on their aril/mesocarp, leaves, and flowers, while the seeds are still neglected. Thus, this recent study attempts to make use of papaya seeds as a green-synthesis bioreductor of silver nanoparticles. It aims at finding out the characteristics of silver nanoparticles of ethanol extract of papaya seeds (AgNPs-EEPS), investigating the optimization as well as the characteristics of the AgNPs-EEPS anti-acne cream formula, and examining the antibacterial activity of Propionibacterium acnes on the AgNPs-EEPS anti-acne cream. The software design expert with factorial design method was applied to optimize the AgNPs-EEPS biosynthesis and cream formula. The analysis of the formation of AgNPs-EEPS characteristics, employing various levels of temperature and extract concentration, and applying UV- VIS spectrophotometry, resulted in a wavelength of 415 nm. Meanwhile, the implementation of particle size distribution testing, using PSD on the optimum concentration by 6% with temperature 65°C, generated a wavelength of 54 nm, pI 0.820, and zeta potential -7,7 mV. The optimization of the AgNPs-EEPS cream formula obtained optimum results at a stearic acid level 7 and cetyl alcohol 6. The characteristics of the cream produced a cream that was physically stable and met the requirements of good topical preparation. The anti-acne cream from silver nanoparticles ethanol extract of papaya seeds has the antibacterial activity of Propionibacterium acnes which belongs to the moderate category.
Molecular Modelling Based on TD-DFT Applied to UV Spectra of Coumarin Derivatives Ariefin, Mokhamat; Alfanaar, Rokiy
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.15696

Abstract

The optimization of geometry and electronic transition of seven coumarin derivatives for sunscreen activity have been conducted using Orca. DFT methods is applied to find optimum geometry and parameter data is measured like bond length and bond angle. TD-DFT is conducted to get electronic transition to get ultraviolet (UV) spectra. The result shows that the coumarin derivative transition type is n to π* and π to π*. All coumarin exhibits the properties of UV-B protection, however, two out of seven show properties as a UV-A protection. The energy difference HOMO-LUMO shows that coumarin with isopropyl substituent has the smallest energy gap, around 0.1559, whereas coumarin with fluorine atom substituent has the biggest energy gap.
Multivariate Analysis ANOVA Based Distribution of Nitrogen Dioxide in Lampung Barat And Way Kanan Regencies Trina, Innamaa; Mutawakkilah, Qudwah; Rinawati, Rinawati; Satria, Heri; Kiswandono, Agung Abadi
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.14858

Abstract

The rise of construction projects and population growth, followed by the expansion of industry and any other sectors such as housing estate, offices, and transportation, can lead to not only economic growth but also negative impacts such as air pollution, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollutants. According to KEP-45/MENLH/10/1997, air pollution can be determined by The Pollutant Standards Index (PSI). The statistical analysis result employing the multivariate ANOVA test with the Anderson-Darling method showed the impact of NO2 concentrations on four location points over two years. Meanwhile, the data result of PSI revealed a high level of ambient air NO2 in Lampung Barat Regency, particularly at the monitoring point of offices. On the other hand, in Way Kanan Regency, the level of ambient air NO2 tends to be safe and secure at the monitoring point of industry and transportation. The factor of sampling location and technique (stage 1: dry season, stage 2: rainy season) did not give a significant effect on the NO2 level due to a p-value ≥ 0,05. However, the sampling point (of monitoring) influenced the NO2 level for p-value ≤ 0,05 in Lampung Barat and Way Kanan Regency in 2019-2020 which was still claimed as safe and secure based on PP No. 41 in the Year 1999, which sets the required limit at 100 g/m3.
Speciation of Potentially Toxic Metals from the Mine Impacted soils: A Case Study of Riruwai Mining Area, Kano State, Northern Nigeria Badamasi, Hamza; Hassan, Umar Faruk; Adamu, Harami Malgwi; Baba, Nasirudeen Mohammed; Adamu, Dahiru Ajiya; Baba, Haruna
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.16097

Abstract

Mining and smelting sectors contribute significantly to global growth on a regional and local scale. However, the operations are causing significant environmental damage, particularly pollution of the soil with potentially toxic metals (PTMs).  In this study, the speciation of PTMs (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc) from the mine impacted soils of Riruwai mining area was investigated using a modified Tessier sequential extraction method. The findings of the study revealed that all the PTMs examined are considerably associated with non-residual fractions in all the sampling locations. This indicates that all the PTMs investigated in the study area may be highly mobile in the soils and hence potentially toxic. The concentrations of PTMs in the soil’s geochemical fractions were found to vary with the sampling locations, with active mining sites significantly (p ≤ 0.05) recording the highest value, followed by farmland, while the lowest value was reported at the control site. Therefore, to protect the environment and the health of the local populace, PTMs in the soils of the study area should be regularly monitored and a treatment program should be put in place.
Characterization of Natural Clay from Tulungagung Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia Rahayu, Mike; Sholeha, Novia Amalia; Rahmah, Siti
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.14908

Abstract

Natural clay is a material that has various benefits and is abundant in the environment. This research will study about the characteristics of natural clay from Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. This research used two samples of Natural Clay-1 (NC-1) and Natural Clay 2 (NC-2) from Tulungagung, Sidem village, Gondang district. The natural clays were dried at room temperature for 2 days then pulverized and sieved using 100 mesh sieves. X-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been utilized to characterize the natural clay. XRF analysis revealed that the primary components of Tulungagung's natural clay are Fe, Si, and Al. Montmorillonite, quartz, and anatase are the primary natural clay minerals, as determined by XRD and FTIR. The results of the SEM indicate a non-uniform material surface.
Characterization of Indonesian Bamboo Charcoal for Enhanced Adsorption Capabilities Suryandari, Ervin Tri; Abdul Keyon, Aemi Syazwani
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.16158

Abstract

Bamboo charcoal from four types of Indonesian bamboo species had been successfully prepared and characterized. The yield was 19.67%; 30.86%; 33,16% and 27,34 respectively for Apus bamboo, Javanese bamboo, Ori bamboo and Yellow bamboo. The activation of bamboo charcoal was carried out chemically using KOH and H3PO4. Activated bamboo charcoal was characterized for the content of water, volatile substance, total ash, and carbon, as well as iodine absorption capacity based on the technical standard of activated carbon SNI 06-3730-1995. The activated bamboo charcoal was also characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) to determine the functional groups, SEM to determine morphology and nitrogen adsorption desorption to determine the surface area. The activation process was able to reduce water, ash, volatile substance content; thereby increasing carbon content which has the potential to be used for adsorption, and this is evidenced by the increase in the value of iodine absorption. From the FTIR data activated bamboo charcoal shows the presence of a C=O at 1500-1600 cm-1, O-H at 3400-3500 cm-1 and CO at 1300-1400 cm-1 which has the potential to contribute the active site for adsorptionprocess. Based on SEM data the morphology of activated bamboo charcoal was porous. Enhance quantity of pores would increase the surface area and the adsorption ability. From the results of the surface area data, it was found that the 4 types of activated bamboo charcoal produced a higher surface area, and activation using KOH was more effective than H3PO4in increasing the surface area of activated bamboo charcoal.
Comparative Studies of the Phytochemical Analysis, Mineral Content, Antibacterial Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Alstonia Boonei Leaves and Stem Bark Uadia, Jeremiah Ogboma; Ogbeide, Osahon Kennedy
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i1.20667

Abstract

Folkloric medicine has reported the effectiveness of Alstonia boonei stem bark and leaf extracts in treating and managing different ailments.  Hence, this research is a comparative evaluation of the phytochemicals; antioxidant potential, mineral content, and antibacterial capacity of ethyl acetate extract of Alstonia boonei leaves and stem bark. Phytochemical analysis was determined using standard methods; mineral composition was determined using a flame photometer and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer; antibacterial capacity was analysed by agar-well diffusion method; and antioxidant potential was examined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The phytochemicals detected were phenolics, eugenols, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and reducing sugars in both extracts. Mineral content for sodium, iron, potassium, zinc, copper, magnesium and calcium was found to be 5.61 ± 1.33, 7.25 ± 1.00, 120.63 ± 1.39, 1.62 ± 0.30, 1.01 ± 0.01, 2.36 ± 0.10 and 15.61 ± 1.20 mg/kg respectively for the leaf extract, and 9.36 ± 0.35, 6.36 ± 0.55, 113.64 ± 0.45, 2.40 ± 0.32, 0.02 ± 0.00, 2.10 ± 0.50 and 28.30 ± 0.22 mg/kg respectively for the stem bark extract. The antioxidant potential at 250, 200, 150, 100, and 50 g/mL gave an IC50 of 2.89 ± 0.51, 3.90 ± 0.50, and 2.52 ± 0.22 μg/mL for leaf extract, stem bark extract and standard, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) outcome was identical for both extracts except for P. aeruginosa. Both extracts' minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were 12.5 to 50 mg/mL, except B. subtilis. Hence, this result provides valuable insight into the comparative usefulness of the plant in phytomedicine.
Phytochemical Investigation, Proximate Composition, Acute Toxicity, Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of Extracts of Caesalpinia Pulcherrima Linn Flower Uadia, Jeremiah Ogboma; Nnamdi, Emeka Kingdom; Chigozie, Nnadozie; Ndubisi, Valerie Ifeanyi; Ogbeide, Osahon Kennedy
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i2.18175

Abstract

The management and treatment of inflammation and pains have continued to gain increasing interest in recent times due to the challenge they pose to health. The study evaluated the phytoconstituents, proximate content, acute toxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive properties of Caesalpinia pulcherrima flower extracts using different solvents. The bioactive chemical constituents, acute toxicity, and antioxidant property were investigated via standard methods while the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were determined using formalin-induced inflammation and acetic acid-induced writhing methods respectively. Phytochemicals determined were alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids. The moisture, crude fibre, crude lipid and total ash content determined were 6.20 ± 0.01%, 15.00 ± 0.07%, 1.80 ± 0.03% and 7.00 ± 0.00% respectively. The n-hexane extract possessed the chief % inhibition (86.49 ± 0.30) and for ascorbic acid 88.29 ± 0.00 at 500 μg/mL extract from the antioxidant study. The acetone extract displayed the greatest significant anti-inflammatory potential at both 100 and 200 mg/kg dose at four hours, being the most effective and there exist a momentous reduction at p 0.05 in the writhes’ number in a manner depended on dose in the acetone and n-hexane extracts. At 5000 mg/kg, there was 100% mortality when the crude extracts were orally administered to the Swiss mice. This study ratifies that Caesalpinia pulcherrima flower extract is a potential spring of phytomedicine which could be applied for managing of inflammation, pain and oxidative stress-related infections but higher dosages could potentially be lethal.
Preparation of Cellulose Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Peel as Adsorbent of Remazol Yellow Dye Lestari, Intan; Permana, Edwin; Hidayat, Dara Shalsa Billah; Wijaya, Dhian Eka
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i2.14540

Abstract

The extraction of cellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel has been carried out through delignification using alkaline and hydrolysis with acid. The extraction of cellulose was carried out by de-waxing, delignification followed by hydrolysis with H2SO4 acid. The cellulose obtain was identified by FTIR and SEM-EDS. The results showed that the FTIR spectra of pineapple peel cellulose contain hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups which useful in the adsorption process. The morphology of cellulose has a more homogeneous and porous shape. The cellulose obtained was used for adsorption of Remazol yellow dye by studying adsorption parameters, namely the effect of pH, contact time and solution concentration. The adsorption process was obtained at pH 2, the optimum contact time was 30 minutes and concentration at 100 mg/L with an adsorption capacity is 19.888 mg/g.

Page 13 of 21 | Total Record : 203

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