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Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Biokimia dan Biologi Molekuler Indonesia
ISSN : 26546108     EISSN : 26543222     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32889
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana (ActaBiolna) is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal that disseminates original research articles and review articles covering diverse topics in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The journal is published biannually by Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 112 Documents
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Purification of total IgG from sars-cov-2 convalescent serum Lusinanto, Arfat; Gantini, Ria Syafitri Evi; Gunarti, Dwirini Retno; Sadikin, Mohamad
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.203

Abstract

Background: Although convalescent plasma contains neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, co-existing inflammatory mediators pose safety risks in critically ill recipients. Purified IgG preparations offer a safer alternative by concentrating therapeutic antibodies while eliminating these harmful components. Objective: To establish a systematic protocol for purifying total IgG from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent serum using sequential chromatographic techniques. Methods: Serum from 90 RT-PCR-confirmed recovered donors was pooled into three independent samples. Purification employed four sequential steps: ammonium sulfate precipitation (50% saturation), Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose ion-exchange chromatography, and Protein A affinity chromatography. Purity and identity of IgG fractions were assessed by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion. Results: Starting from serum containing 19.68 ± 7.27 mg/mL IgG and 110.47 ± 11.99 mg/mL total protein, the four-step purification yielded a final IgG concentration of 1.14 ± 0.70 mg/mL with total protein of 1.19 ± 0.16 mg/mL, representing 6.3-fold purification with a final IgG-to-total protein purity ratio of 1.01 ± 0.38 and an overall recovery of 5.8%. Native PAGE confirmed high purity with a single dominant IgG band. Conclusion: Sequential chromatography yielded near-homogeneous IgG from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent serum, offering a laboratory-scale approach for preparing safer immunoglobulin therapeutics.
A study on the hepatoprotective effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract on the liver histopathology of albino rats induced by sodium diclofenac Hibur, Grasia Intan Praskawati; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta; Riwu, Magdarita; Telussa, Arley Sadra
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.209

Abstract

Background: Diclofenac sodium, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), causes significant hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress mechanisms. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), rich in curcuminoid antioxidants, may offer hepatoprotection. Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of turmeric extract against diclofenac sodium-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): normal control, negative control (diclofenac sodium 10 mg/kg BW for 7 days), and two treatment groups receiving diclofenac sodium followed by turmeric extract at 100 or 200 mg/kg BW for 14 days. Liver histopathology was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Turmeric extract attenuated hepatocellular damage in a dose-dependent manner. The 200 mg/kg BW dose completely prevented necrosis, demonstrating superior hepatoprotection compared to 100 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: Turmeric extract exerts hepatoprotective effects against diclofenac-induced liver injury through attenuation of histopathological damage.
Effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) extract on gastric histopathology of diclofenac sodium-induced rats Lie, Melania; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta; Woda, Rahel Rara; Lidia, Kartini
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.210

Abstract

Background: Prolonged use of diclofenac sodium can cause gastric mucosal damage through cyclooxygenase inhibition and oxidative stress. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) contains curcumin and other bioactive compounds with potential gastroprotective properties. Objective: To determine the dose-dependent gastroprotective effect of turmeric extract against diclofenac sodium-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Methods: This experimental study used 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly allocated into four groups (n=7): normal control, negative control (diclofenac 10 mg/kgBW for 7 days), and two treatment groups receiving turmeric extract at 100 mg/kgBW (P1) or 200 mg/kgBW (P2) for 14 days following diclofenac induction. Gastric tissues were evaluated histopathologically using a qualitative description. Results: The negative control group showed severe erosion and inflammatory infiltration. Both treatment groups demonstrated gastroprotective effects with minimal epithelial damage and no inflammatory changes. The 200 mg/kgBW dose showed superior protection compared to 100 mg/kgBW. Conclusion: Turmeric extract provides dose-dependent gastroprotection against diclofenac-induced gastric injury, with 200 mg/kgBW demonstrating superior efficacy.
Detection of latent tuberculosis infection in household contacts of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients using interferon-gamma release assay: a study at Universitas Indonesia Hospital Indratmo, Muhammad Faris; Handayani, Diah; Kusumaningrum, Ardiana; Iswanti, Febriana Catur; Sadikin, Mohamad
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.214

Abstract

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses significant public health challenges in Indonesia. Household contacts of DR-TB patients face elevated risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which may remain latent and asymptomatic. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among household contacts of DR-TB patients using interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Universitas Indonesia Hospital from February to May 2023. Eighteen asymptomatic household contacts from six confirmed DR-TB index cases were enrolled. Participants underwent clinical evaluation, chest radiography, and LTBI screening using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay. Results: Among 18 participants (mean age 33.3 years; 55.6% female), 8 (44.4%) tested positive for LTBI, while 10 (55.6%) tested negative. The highest IGRA positivity rates were observed in adolescents aged 12–16 years (66.7%) and young adults aged 17–25 years (60.0%). All participants were clinically asymptomatic with normal chest radiographs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates substantial LTBI prevalence among household contacts of DR-TB patients. The findings underscore the importance of systematic contact tracing, IGRA-based screening, and timely tuberculosis preventive therapy to reduce disease transmission and progression in high-risk populations.
Effect of turmeric extract on glutathione levels in diclofenac-induced oxidative stress in rats Jumba, Cynthia Benedikta; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta; Pakan, Prisca Deviani; Rini, Desi Indria
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.222

Abstract

Background: Glutathione (GSH), the primary endogenous antioxidant, protects cells against oxidative stress. Diclofenac sodium, a commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), depletes GSH through hepatic metabolic byproducts, causing oxidative damage. Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa L.) on glutathione levels in rats subjected to diclofenac-induced oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): normal control, negative control (diclofenac sodium 10 mg/kg body weight [BW]), and two treatment groups receiving turmeric extract (100 mg/kg BW or 200 mg/kg BW) following diclofenac induction. Diclofenac was administered for 7 days; turmeric extract was given orally for 14 days. Cardiac blood glutathione levels were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: Turmeric extract significantly increased glutathione levels in diclofenac-induced rats compared to negative controls (p<0.05). The 200 mg/kg BW dose produced superior protection, elevating GSH levels significantly above all groups (p<0.001), demonstrating a dose-dependent antioxidant effect. Conclusion: Turmeric extract demonstrates significant dose-dependent antioxidant activity against diclofenac-induced oxidative stress, with the 200 mg/kg BW dose achieving superior GSH elevation (p < 0.001), suggesting potential as a protective agent against NSAID-induced oxidative damage.
Age-dependent effects of Spirulina platensis on hepatic protein carbonylation in Wistar rats Paramita, Reni; Zaini, Tina Rosiani
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.225

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress tends to rise as age increases, with the liver being notably affected. Changes in liver function are closely linked to oxidative stress, which targets hepatocytic proteins. Free radicals that attack the liver can cause damage to its proteins, which can be measured through carbonyl level. Spirulina platensis, is a blue-green sea algae which grow in sea waters throughout the world and have been consumed as antioxidants. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis administration on carbonyl level in the liver tissues of young adult rats with different ages. Methods: Male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks, 14 weeks, and 20 weeks were given 200 mg/kg BW S. platensis extract orally once a day for 29 days until aged 12 weeks, 18 weeks, and 24 weeks. Control group of each age (only given aquadest) Results: The 12-week group given spirulina showed an increase in carbonyl level of 1,215 times compared to the control group. The 18-week group given spirulina showed a reduction in carbonyl level of 0.686 times compared to the control group. The 24-week group given spirulina showed an increase in carbonyl level of 0.924 times compared to the control group. Conclusion: Spirulina platensis administration decreased the carbonyl level in 18-weeks and 24-weeks old rat compared to control group.
Concentration-dependent photostability of phycocyanin under UV-A and UV-B irradiation Ulfah, Nurfarida; Munawaroh, Helis Siti Halimatul; Gumilar, Gun Gun
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.226

Abstract

Background: Indonesia's tropical location results in intense UV exposure, necessitating effective photoprotective agents. Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis shows promise as a natural sunscreen ingredient, yet systematic evaluation of its photostability across concentrations remains limited. Objectives: To evaluate phycocyanin stability and antioxidant activity under UV-A and UV-B irradiation across different concentrations. Methods: Phycocyanin (200, 250, 300, and 350 ppm) was exposed to UV-A (365 nm, 2.8 mW/cm²) and UV-B (312 nm, 3.2 mW/cm²) irradiation for up to 30 minutes. Pigment concentration and DPPH radical scavenging activity were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: Phycocyanin exhibited concentration-dependent stability, with 300–350 ppm demonstrating optimal performance. UV-B caused greater degradation than UV-A, with concentration losses of 14.19–43.43 ppm (UV-B) versus 6.85–16.63 ppm (UV-A) after 30 minutes. Antioxidant activity decreased minimally under UV-A (≤1.85%) but more substantially under UV-B (≤1.97%). The 350 ppm concentration showed highest stability and antioxidant retention (98.9% and 98.0%, respectively). Conclusion: The 300–350 ppm range represents the optimal concentration for photoprotective applications, supporting phycocyanin's potential as a natural sunscreen ingredient.
Proteostasis disruption under hypoxia: therapeutic targets in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases Rahmiyati, Susi; Prijanti, Ani Retno; Jusman, Sri Widia A; Dewi, Syarifah
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.142

Abstract

Proteostasis, the integrated network regulating protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation, is essential for cellular function and organismal health. Reduced oxygen availability disrupts proteostasis through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, impaired ATP-dependent protein folding, and altered chaperone expression. In cancer, tumor cells exploit chronic unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling to enhance survival, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance. Inhibition of IRE1α and PERK pathways has shown efficacy in preclinical models, though clinical translation faces challenges including off-target toxicity. In neurodegenerative diseases—Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—chronic hypoxia accelerates protein aggregate accumulation through oxidative modifications and impaired autophagy-lysosome function. Therapeutic strategies targeting γ-secretase, BACE1, and protein clearance pathways have demonstrated limited clinical success despite mechanistic rationale. Understanding hypoxia-induced proteostasis failure may inform therapeutic development, though significant obstacles remain in translating preclinical findings to effective treatments for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Dose-dependent nephroprotective effects of turmeric extract against diclofenac-induced kidney injury in rats Amapiran, Renya Rosari; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta; Indriarini, Desi; Hietingwati, Syeben HE; Nugraheni, Tri
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly diclofenac sodium, are widely prescribed but can cause nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress mechanisms. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) contains curcumin and other bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant properties that may protect against drug-induced kidney damage. Objective: To evaluate the dose-dependent effects of turmeric ethanol extract on kidney histopathology in rats with established diclofenac sodium-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, diclofenac (10 mg/kg for 7 days), and two treatment groups receiving diclofenac followed by turmeric extract at 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg for 14 days. Kidney histopathology was assessed using the Arsad scoring system by a blinded pathologist. Results: Significant differences existed between groups (p < 0.001). The negative control exhibited severe kidney damage with hydropic degeneration, granular casts, and cellular casts (mean score: 2.78 ± 0.24). Treatment with 100 mg/kg showed partial improvement (1.65 ± 0.31), while 200 mg/kg demonstrated substantial improvement approaching normal histology (0.52 ± 0.18) with only minimal residual damage. Conclusion: Turmeric extract demonstrates significant dose-dependent nephroprotective effects against diclofenac-induced kidney damage, with 200 mg/kg providing superior protection, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in mitigating NSAID-induced nephrotoxicity.
Acetazolamide-mediated carbonic anhydrase inhibition suppresses human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation via G1/S cell cycle arrest Mustofa, Syazili; Sadikin, Mohamad; Sarmoko
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.145

Abstract

Background: Carbonic anhydrase (CA) regulates intracellular CO₂/HCO₃⁻ homeostasis and supplies carboxyl donors for the sixth step of de novo purine biosynthesis. Disruption of this step is predicted to impair nucleotide pool accumulation and arrest cell cycle progression. Objective: This study investigated whether CA inhibition by acetazolamide suppresses T lymphocyte proliferation. Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA, 1% v/v) or interleukin-2 (IL-2, 10 ng/mL). Acetazolamide was applied at 6.25–50 μM. Cell viability, DNA synthesis, and cell cycle distribution were assessed using WST-1 assay, BrdU incorporation, and propidium iodide flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Acetazolamide reduced PBMC viability and DNA synthesis dose-dependently in both PHA- and IL-2-stimulated cultures (p < 0.05). IL-2-stimulated cells showed greater sensitivity, with significant inhibition at 12.5 μM versus 25 μM for PHA-stimulated cells. Flow cytometry revealed G1/S arrest in all treated groups: S phase decreased from 8.52% to 3.82% (PHA) and from 1.27% to 0% (IL-2) at 50 μM, with G2/M uniformly suppressed to ≤0.57%. Conclusion: Acetazolamide suppresses PBMC proliferation through G1/S arrest, consistent with CA inhibition depleting CO₂/HCO₃⁻-dependent carboxyl donors required for de novo purine synthesis.

Page 11 of 12 | Total Record : 112

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