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Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Biokimia dan Biologi Molekuler Indonesia
ISSN : 26546108     EISSN : 26543222     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32889
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana (ActaBiolna) is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal that disseminates original research articles and review articles covering diverse topics in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The journal is published biannually by Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 97 Documents
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The correlation between plasma malondialdehyde levels and pain in adolescent females diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea Ocktariyana Ocktariyana; Dian Lestari; Abdul Kadir; Listrianah Listrianah; Handayani Handayani
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.119

Abstract

Background: Endometrial inflammation factors play a crucial role in the common pathophysiology of primary dysmenorrhea. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a byproduct of inflammatory processes, might be correlated with primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Objective: To assess plasma MDA levels in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved the collection of blood samples from 23 teenage females with primary dysmenorrhea and 23 age-matched individuals without this condition. Plasma MDA levels were quantified through spectrophotometry. The independent t-test was employed to ascertain the disparity in plasma MDA levels between the two groups, while the Pearson correlation test was utilized to analyze the relationship between pain severity and oxidative stress levels. Results: Plasma MDA levels were significantly higher in females with primary dysmenorrhea than in the control group (0.631 ± 0.105 and 0.395 ± 0.076, respectively). A significant difference in oxidative stress levels was observed between the case and control groups (p<0.001). Furthermore, a robust positive correlation was observed between plasma MDA levels and pain severity in adolescent females with dysmenorrhea (r2 = 0.564, p<0.001). Conclusion: The plasma MDA is increased in adolescent females with primary dysmenorrhea.
Zinc deficiency effect on clinical features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients: A scoping review Moch Ikhsan Juliansyah; Lisa Adhia Garina; Mirasari Putri
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.123

Abstract

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Various therapeutic guidelines have been established for treating COVID-19, such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral therapies, and zinc supplementation. Zinc deficiency is thought to worsen the condition of patients with COVID-19 infection. However, the effect of zinc deficiency on COVID-19 patients has not been widely reported. In this scoping review, we aim to explore the impact of zinc deficiency on the clinical features of COVID-19 patients. A comprehensive search was conducted across the databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, ProQuest, and Google Scholar, using the keywords “Zinc” AND “(COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2)”. A total of 2,458 articles published between 2019 and 2020 were screened following the PRISMA guidelines and subjected to critical appraisal. Three articles were included, focusing on the effect of zinc deficiency on the clinical features of COVID-19 patients. As of 2022, two articles reported worsening symptoms, one described an increased hospitalization duration, and one reported worsening treatment outcomes in the zinc deficiency group. This review concludes that zinc deficiency worsens symptoms, increases the duration of hospitalization, and leads to worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Evaluation of serum amylase and lipase in diagnosed Covid-19 survivors in a North Indian Hospital, Lucknow, India Nabeela Usmani; Mukhtar Ahmad; Saba Khan; Mohammad Mustufa Khan; Haseeb Ahsan; Sadaf Parveen; Roshan Alam
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.141

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a novel disease caused by coronavirus-2 that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Although it primarily affects the respiratory system, the virus may also target the pancreas. It was suggested that upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE-II) cell receptors or inflammatory cytokines play a major role in predisposing pancreatic injury in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Our aim was to conduct a critical evaluation of in order to provide an insight into the possibility of pancreatic injury. Methods: A case control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry IIMS&R, Integral University, Lucknow. Two groups of subjects (70 adults consisting of 35 Covid-19 survivors and 35 controls) aged between 35 to 70 years were selected for the study with mild to moderate Covid-19 diagnosed using RT-PCR/rapid antigen test and a control group of healthy individuals without history of Covid-19. The serum amylase was determined by the direct substrate method and serum lipase by the turbidimetric UV method using a semi-autoanalyzer. Results: The study showed that the serum amylase (p=0.023) and lipase (p=0.002) levels were significantly elevated in Covid-19 patients compared to the control subjects. The findings indicated that Covid-19 patients had a substantially higher mean serum amylase and lipase levels than the control subjects. Conclusions: The Covid-19 patients are prone to pancreatic injury.
The role of Nrf2 transcription factors in various physiological and pathological states Deasyka Yastani; Sri Widia A Jusman
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.103

Abstract

Since its first report in 1994, understanding of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has continued to grow. Initially recognized for its role in cellular response to oxidative stress, Nrf2 is now known to be involved in a variety of regulatory process, including metabolic regulation, autophagy, protein homeostasis (proteostasis), and mitochondrial biogenesis. The expression of Nrf2 target genes is highly dependent on stimulus activation and interactions with transcription factors, activators, and repressors. Nrf2 activation serves as a defense mechanism under physiological conditions, but in the context of cancer, it can trigger the development of cancer cells due to its complex roles. Nrf2 is strongly associated with the onset and development of many diseases, including those caused by metabolic disorders and inflammation. Understanding Nrf2's diverse functions offers valuable insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. This review explores the pleiotropic role of Nrf2 regulation.
Identification of cardiac premature senescence markers through GEO database interaction approach Tiwuk Susantiningsih; Ani Retno Prijanti; Novi Silvia Hardiany; Fadilah
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.110

Abstract

Background: Cardiomyocytes are cardiac muscle cells where premature senescence can occur. The availability of in silico research regarding premature senescence in cardiomyocytes is still limited. Purpose: This in silico research aims to identify marker of cardiac premature senescence through the GEO database interaction approach. Methods: This research used the GEO database with the GeneCards website approach using four keywords: premature senescence AND cardiovascular AND cardiomyocytes AND p53 followed by Cytoscape 3.9.1 analysis and StringDB analysis. Results: From 1,046 proteins obtained, analyzed by using Cytoscape Tools series 3.9.1 resulted to 100 proteins having the highest score and continued with StringDB analysis with 16 proteins. Conclusion: From the GeneCards, Cytoscape, and StringDB data, analysis of protein interactions in cardiac premature senescence showed that the protein-protein interactions with the highest scores were TP53, CDK2, and PTEN.
Effect of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), DHA, and seluang fish (Rasbora spp.) on neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter alterations in malnourished rats Triawanti; Didik Dwi Sanyoto; Meitria Syahadatina Noor; Dimas Ikhsan Airlangga
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.114

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition has detrimental effects on brain development, leading to neuroinflammatory and neurotransmitter disorders. A nutrient-rich diet is advocated to mitigate these effects. In South Kalimantan, natural resources such as pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) and seluang fish (Rasbora spp.) are recognized for their potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pasak bumi in comparison with seluang fish and DHA on neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter imbalances in malnourished rats. Methods: The study involved dividing malnourished rats into six experimental groups: (1) untreated control, (2) treated with pasak bumi extract, (3) treated with DHA, (4) treated with a combination of DHA and pasak bumi extract, (5) treated with seluang fish, (6) treated with a combination of seluang fish and pasak bumi extract; and a control group of normal rats receiving standard feed and placebo. The primary outcomes measured were levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and serotonin. Results: The study revealed that malnutrition in rats significantly elevated IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Treatments involving pasak bumi extract, both alone and in combination with DHA or seluang fish, reduced IL-6 levels. Similarly, combination of pasak bumi extract and DHA or seluang fish lowered TNF-α levels than single treatment of pasak bumi extract (p > 0.05). All treatments did not reduce the serotonin level. Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the potent anti-inflammatory capabilities of pasak bumi extract, particularly when combined with DHA or seluang fish, in mitigating the inflammatory response in malnourished rats.
Mechanism of modified mRNA structure in COVID-19 vaccines for inducing neutralizing antibodies Zanjabila, Sabighoh; Dewi, Beti Ernawati
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.121

Abstract

The development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines is closely linked to advancements in mRNA manufacturing technology. Structural modifications, such as replacing uridine with 1-methylpseudouridine (1mψ), enhance translation efficiency and help the mRNA evade immune detection. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) serve as an effective delivery system. Vaccines like BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 target the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein, prompting B cells to produce neutralizing antibodies that block the RBD from binding to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, preventing infection. These vaccines also stimulate adaptive immune responses by activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with mRNA functioning as an endogenous antigen. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) present the vaccine antigens via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II pathways, with CD8+ T cells recognizing MHC class I and destroying infected cells, while CD4+ T cells recognize MHC class II and assist in B cell maturation and antibody production. While mRNA vaccines have proven effective in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, challenges remain, including the decline in neutralizing antibody titers over time and the emergence of new viral variants.
Prognostic factors in hereditary breast cancer: A review Maritska, Ziske; Sarmoko
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.124

Abstract

Hereditary breast cancer, primarily driven by BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, presents distinct challenges and prognostic factors compared to sporadic breast cancer. BRCA1-associated breast cancer is often triple-negative (TNBC), which has a more aggressive course and poorer prognosis. Despite this, BRCA mutation carriers exhibit higher sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors, potentially improving outcomes. However, the risk of developing other malignancies, such as ovarian cancer and melanoma, remains elevated in BRCA mutation carriers. Studies show a significant variation in survival rates, with BRCA mutation carriers having lower overall survival compared to non-carriers. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in BRCA1/2 tumors is frequent but does not significantly alter overall survival rates. Identifying the presence of LOH can guide personalized treatment strategies, particularly the use of PARP inhibitors. The response to chemotherapy, especially platinum-based drugs, is influenced by genetic mutations such as TP53 and PTEN, which are common in TNBC. Surgical choices also impact prognosis; mastectomy may lower ipsilateral breast recurrence but does not affect overall survival. Pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a critical prognostic marker, with higher rates observed in BRCA mutation carriers, particularly those with TNBC. These factors collectively influence the prognosis and guide treatment strategies for hereditary breast cancer.
Hypoglychemic activity of Moringa oleifera extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Rabiatul Adawiyah; Tri Setyawati; Rahma Badaruddin; Listawati
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.130

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 2 (T2DM), is a global health concern characterized by high blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Objective: This study aims to explore the hypoglycemic potential of M. oleifera, a plant that thrives in Central Sulawesi, using a rat model of T2DM. Method: Healthy male Wistar rats (weight 200-300 g, aged 9-11 weeks) were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into five groups: normal control (healthy), negative control (diabetic without treatment), positive control (diabetic treated with 9 mg/200 g metformin), treatment 1 (diabetic treated with 400 mg/kg BW M. oleifera extract), and treatment 2 (diabetic treated with 800 mg/kg BW M.oleifera extract). Fasting blood glucose levels were measured enzymatically using the Glucose GOD FS kit from DiaSys. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by post-hoc analysis. Results: The fasting blood glucose levels significantly differed among the groups (ANOVA, p = 0.0426). The normal control group maintained stable glucose levels (108.3 ± 8.34 mg/dL pre-test and 106.6 ± 29.67 mg/dL post-test). The negative control group showed a marked increase in glucose levels (185.3 ± 36.28 mg/dL to 268.6 ± 17.63 mg/dL). The positive control group (metformin) significantly reduced glucose levels (386.8 ± 64.22 mg/dL to 230.8 ± 25.82 mg/dL). Treatment 1 (400 mg/kg BW) reduced glucose levels from 292.2 ± 0.98 mg/dL to 218.1 ± 13.74 mg/dL, and treatment 2 (800 mg/kg BW) showed a substantial reduction from 287.3 ± 85.30 mg/dL to 145.3 ± 28.30 mg/dL. However, the Bonferroni post-hoc analysis indicated no significant differences between pre-test and post-test levels within each group. Conclusion: The M.oleifera extract exhibited a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats, with the higher dose (800 mg/kg BW) showing a more pronounced effect.
The potential of local orange peel-derived eco-enzymes in producing indole acetic acid Siska Alicia Farma; Nurfa Dewiza Luzik; Salma Sakina; Irma Leilani Eka Putri; Linda Advinda; Azwir Anhar
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.135

Abstract

Background: Ecoenzymes, created from the fermentation of organic citrus waste, offer a sustainable method to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), a phytohormone vital for plant growth. This study investigates the potential of these ecoenzymes in promoting sustainable agriculture. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the capacity of ecoenzymes derived from local citrus organic waste to synthesize IAA hormones. Methods: The ecoenzyme was extracted from fruit powders and centrifuged to separate the supernatant. One ml of ecoenzyme supernatant was then mixed with 2 ml of Salkowski reagent and incubated for 12 hours at room temperature in the dark to facilitate reaction. The presence and concentration of IAA were determined using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 530 nm, while total protein levels were measured using the Warburg-Christian method. Results: ecoenzymes from local citrus sources contain IAA, with the highest concentration observed in sample 7A (30.26 µg/ml). The ecoenzyme exhibited favorable characteristics, including an average degree of acidity of 3.55, and the highest total protein content was found in sample 2A (144.277 mg/mL). Conclusion: Ecoenzymes from local orange peels successfully produce IAA, supported by fermentation-induced microbial activity and acidic conditions. This highlights their potential in sustainable agriculture.

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