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INDONESIA
KALPATARU
Published by Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional
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Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
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Articles 278 Documents
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Peninggalan Megalitik di Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan: Kontak Budaya Antara Kepulauan Indonesia dan Serawak Prasetyo, Bagyo
KALPATARU Vol 25, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4739.573 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v25i2.98

Abstract

Abstract. As a region in borderline, North Kalimantan is rich of cultures, especially megalithic remains. The lack of facilities and infrastructures resulted in minimum access to these sites, so that explorations can’t be done completely. The problem that appears is that the length of cultural contact between borders is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to explain the connection of megalithic cultures of North Kalimantan (Indonesia), Serawak (Malaysia), and also other megalithic cultures in Indonesia. The method used in this study is cultural diffusion approach through literature studies about megalithic in the border region of North Borneo and Sarawak as well as Indonesia in general. The results shows that the distribution of stone jars in the borderline regions indicated a cultural connection between Sarawak in Malaysia and several places in Indonesia (Central Sulawesi, Samosir, Toraja, and Bima). Abstrak. Sebagai wilayah perbatasan, Kalimantan Utara mengandung kekayaan budaya terkait dengan peninggalan megalitik. Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana mengakibatkan akses ke situssitus tersebut sangat sulit untuk dicapai, sehingga eksplorasi yang telah dilakukan dari beberapa kegiatan belum bisa menjangkau keseluruhan. Permasalahan yang muncul dengan keterbatasan itu adalah belum diketahui secara jelas sejauh mana kontak budaya antara megalitik wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dengan megalitik yang ada ditempat lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran hubungan antara megalitik di perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dengan megalitik di Serawak serta megalitik di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui pendekatan difusi budaya melalui studi literatur hasil-hasil penelitian terhadap megalitik di wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dan megalitik yang ada di Serawak dan di Indonesia secara umum. Hasil yang dicapai menunjukkan bahwa didasarkan atas persebaran bentuk-bentuk tempayan batu di wilayah perbatasan menunjukkan adanya koneksitas budaya dengan tempayantempayan batu di Serawak dan beberapa tempat lain di Indonesia (Sulawesi Tengah, Samosir, Toraja, dan Bima). 
Appendix Kalpataru Volume 21, nomor 2, tahun 2012 Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional, Redaksi
KALPATARU Vol 21, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (318.327 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.141

Abstract

Aplikasi Metode Geolistrik untuk Identifikasi Situs Arkeologi di Pulau Laut, Natuna Pryambodo, Dino Gunawan; Troa, Reiner Arief
KALPATARU Vol 25, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1695.105 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v25i1.82

Abstract

Abstract. Pulau Laut is one of the outer islands in Republic of Indonesia and part of the international shipping lanes during past centuries. The evidence came in form of shipwrecks which also became archaeological sites. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of archaeological sites and its depth using Wenner configuration 2D geoelectric method which is achieved by using resistivitymeter multichanel S Field with three lines measurements. Data processing, analysis, and interpretation were performed using software RES2DINV. The results then obtained direction on line one southwest - Northeast, the vessel is allegedly at positions 21-24 m from the southwest, the value of resistivity is between 54, 3-124 Ωm with depth of 0-3 m subsurface. Line two is at the same direction with line one and the vessel is allegedly at positions 21-27 m from the southwest, a subsurface depth of 0-3 m and resistivity values range from 11.5 - 41.4 Ωm. Line three to the direction northwest - southeast is crosslined with track one and track two, allegedly the ship is at position 18-22 m from the northwest with a depth of 0 - 4 m above the ground and resistivity values between 56.7 - 205 Ωm. Abstrak. Pulau Laut merupakan salah satu pulau terdepan wilayah NKRI, merupakan jalur pelayaran internasional selama beradab-abad yang lampau. Terdapatnya situs-situs arkeologi kapal tengelam merupakan buktinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan sebaran situs arkeologi dan kedalamnnya berdasarkan metode geolistrik konfigurasi Wenner 2D yang menggunakan resistivitymeter multichannel S Field dengan tiga lintasan pengukuran. Proses pengolahan, analisis serta interpretasi data dilakukan dengan software Res2Dinv. Hasil proses, analisis dan interpretasi data, diperoleh pada lintasan satu dengan arah bentangan kabel barat daya – Timur laut, situs kapal diduga pada posisi 21 – 24 m dari arah barat daya, nilai resistivitas antar 54,3 – 124 Ωm dengan kedalaman 0 – 3 m dari atas permukaan tanah. Lintasan dua dengan arah bentangan kabel yang sama dengan lintasan satu, posisi 21 – 27 m dari arah barat daya,kedalaman 0 – 3 m dari atas permukaan tanah dan rentangan nilai resistivitas 11,5 – 41,4 Ωm diduga terdapat situs kapal. Lintasan tiga dengan arah bentangan kabel barat laut – tenggara merupakan lintasan yang memotong (crossline) lintasan satu dan lintasan dua, diduga keberadaan situs kapal pada posisi 18 – 22 m dari arah barat laut dengan kedalaman 0 – 4 m dari atas permukaan tanah dan nilai resistivitas antara 56,7 – 205 Ωm.
Appendix Kalpataru Volume 22, nomor 1, tahun 2013 Arkeologi, KALPATARU Majalah
KALPATARU Vol 22, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.285 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v22i1.121

Abstract

Preface Kalpataru Volume 26, Nomor 2, Tahun 2017 arkenas, redaksi
KALPATARU Vol 26, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (360.269 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v26i2.450

Abstract

Invasi Śriwijaya ke Bhumijawa: Pengaruh Agama Buddha Mahayana dan Gaya Seni Nalanda di Kompleks Percandian Batujaya* Djafar, Hasan
KALPATARU Vol 23, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2104.731 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v23i2.60

Abstract

Paper ini membahas pengaruh invasi Śrīwijaya ke Bhūmijāwa (Tārumanāgara) pada akhir abad ke-7 M. Fokus pembahasan adalah pengaruh Agama Buddha Mahāyāna dan gaya seni Nālandā di kompleks percandian Batujaya, Karawang, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian di Batujaya selama periode 1985-2006 telah menghasilkan beberapa bukti baru penyebaran Agama Buddha Mahāyāna dan gaya seni Nālandā di Kompleks percandian Batujaya. Abstract. The Invasion of Śrīvijaya to Bhūmijāwa: Influence of Mahāyāna Buddhism and Nālandā Art Style in The Temple  Complex of Batujaya. This paper discusses the influence      of Śrīvijaya invasion to Bhūmijāwa (Tārumanāgara) in the late 7th Century C.E. The focus of discussion is the influence of Mahāyāna Buddhism and the art style of Nālandā in the temple complex of Batujaya, Karawang, West Java. The results of the archaeological research conducted at Batujaya site area during the period of 1985-2006 has yielded some new evidence on the spread of Mahāyāna Buddhism and the art style of Nālandā in that area.
Nekara, Moko, dan Jati Diri Alor. Simanjuntak, Truman; Handini, Retno; Yuniawati, Dwi Yani
KALPATARU Vol 21, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (952.834 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.112

Abstract

Moko merupakan benda unik yang memegang peran penting dalam kehidupan sosial-budaya masyarakat Alor. Menariknya, walaupun benda ini tidak diproduksi di Alor, tetapi tetap dipertahankan secara turun-temurun, tidak sebatas benda pusaka tetapi juga sebagai lambang atau status sosial, mas kawin (belis), alat tukar, alat musik, alat-alat upacara dalam kematian, pendirian rumah, pesta panen, perkawinan, dll. Bahkan konon dahulu, moko memiliki fungsi yang jauh lebih kompleks. Selain sebagai pengganti nyawa manusia yang dibunuh atau karena kecelakaan, moko berfungsi sebagai benda religius-magis yang dapat memberi kemakmuran, keberhasilan bagi keluarga, merusak panen bagi yang melanggar ketentuan adat, termasuk sebagai alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah sosial secara adat. Singkatnya moko telah menempati peran yang sangat penting dalam berbagai kisi kehidupan masyarakat Alor sejak ratusan, bahkan ribuan tahun yang lalu. Benda yang merupakan substitusi nekara ini menjadi jati diri Masyarakat Alor. Oleh sebab itu penggalian, pelestarian, dan aktualisasi nilai-nilai intrinsik dan ekstrinsiknya menjadi sangat penting bagi penguatan jati diri lokal dalam pengembangan jati diri kebangsaan yang berlandaskan kebhinnekaan. Abstract. Kettledrums, Moko, and Self Identity of Alor. Moko is a unique type of objects that plays an important role in the socio-cultural life of Alor people. Interestingly, although mokos were not produced in Alor, they are being kept from generation to generation, not only as heirloom but also as a symbol of social status, dowry, currency, musical instrument, or instrument in rituals (in the events of death, house-building, harvest, marriage, etc.). In fact, moko used to have far more complex function in the past. Aside from being a substitute of the soul of people who was killed or died in accident, mokos were also functioned as religious-magic objects that can provide prosperity, success in families, destroy harvest if a traditional custom was violated, as well as a tool to traditionally-solved social problems. In short, mokos have played an important role in various aspects of life among the Alor people since hundreds or even thousands of years ago. The object, which was a substitute for kettledrum, is the identity of the Alor people. Therefore research, preservation, and actualization of its intrinsic and extrinsic values are very important to strengthen local identity in the attempt to develop national identity based on diversity.
ANALISIS PHYTOLITH DAN STARCH UNTUK STUDI ARKEOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Alifah, Alifah
KALPATARU Vol 26, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1941.192 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v26i2.308

Abstract

Environmental issues in archaeology have become a very interesting theme to be researches. Those theme relates to landscapes, environmental changes, site formation and human adaptation processes. Faunal ecofact and artifact are commonly used as research data nowdays. Analysis of plants residu are less common because of the scarcity of those remains in the archaeological sites,especially prehistory. This paper attempts to explain some possible uses of microscopic plant residua analysis in the form of phytolith and starch for environmental studies. The method used in this paper is literature study on microbotani  as well as imitation experiments by combining several methods ever undertaken by previous researchers. This study shows that the  plants remains , especially the microbotany form of phytolith and starch provide significant information about the types of plants in the pass, environmental changes and their utilization by humans.
Pengaruh Kolonial di Nusantara. Harkantiningsih, Naniek
KALPATARU Vol 23, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1273.865 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v23i1.51

Abstract

Nusantara merupakan sumber rempah-rempah dan hasil alam lainnya, pada masanya komoditi tersebut sangat dicari oleh bangsa Asia dan Eropa. Sekitar abad ke-16 M. perairan Nusantara mulai dijelajahi kapal-kapal dagang Eropa, kekuatan pelayaran dan perdagangan Eropa ini mendominasi perairan Asia Tenggara termasuk Nusantara hingga pertengahan abad ke- 20 M., ditandai dengan kedatangan koloni Jepang. Dari sinilah dimulainya peranan koloni asing di Nusantara. Ekspedisi, aktivitas komersial, dan politik yang mereka lakukan dapat ditelusuri melalui catatan sejarah dan bukti arkeologi, yang banyak dan tersebar di Nusantara. Dalam tulisan ini, secara khusus akan membahas jejak peninggalan kolonial di beberapa tempat di Nusantara. Tahapan eksplorasi dan deskriptif dalam pengumpulan dan pengolahan data, kemudian melihat pola persebarannya dan membandingkan karakter serta kronologi bukti-bukti arkeologi kolonial yang ditemukan. Keberadaan sumber rempah-rempah, di Nusantara, dapat dikaitkan bukan hanya sebagai bukti adanya jaringan perdagangan antara negara produsen dan konsumen, tetapi juga sebagai bukti keberadaan komunitas asing di wilayah Nusantara. Rentang waktu sejarah koloni asing di Nusantara lebih dari tiga abad. Dalam periode dimana peran dan orientasi kegiatan mereka, dapat diketahui secara jelas berdasarkan obyek kajian, karakter, pola persebaran, fungsi dan kronologi keberadaan koloni asing di Nusantara. Abstract. Colonial Influence in Nusantara. Archipelago is a source of spices and other natural products, in this time the commodity highly sought by Asian and European nations. In the 16th Century of the archipelago waters began explored European merchant ships, the strength of Europe’s shipping and trade dominate Southeast Asian waters, including the archipelago until the mid 20th Century, was marked by the arrival of the Japanese colony. This is where the role of the commencement of the foreign colony in the archipelago. Expedition, commercial activity, and they do politics can be traced through historical records and archaeological evidence, so many and scattered in the archipelago. In this paper, will specifically address the colonial traces in several places in the archipelago. Exploratory and descriptive stages in the collection and processing of data, then look at the pattern of spreading and compare the character and chronology of colonial archaeological evidence found. The existence of the source of the spice, in the archipelago, can be attributed not only as evidence of trade links between producer and consumer, but also as evidence of the existence of the foreign community in the archipelago. Span of the history of the foreign colony in the archipelago long enough for more than three centuries. In periods in which the role and orientation of their activities, can be seen clearly based on the object of study, character, pattern of distribution, function and chronology of the existence of the foreign colony in the archipelago.
Candi Panataran: Candi Kerajaan Masa Majapahit. Santiko, Hariani
KALPATARU Vol 21, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (343.689 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i1.103

Abstract

Candi Panataran adalah candi kerajaan (State Temple) Kerajaan Majapahit, didirikan di sebuah tanah yang berpotensi sakral karena di tempat itu terdapat prasasti Palah dari jaman Kadiri, berisi tentang pemujaan Bhatara ri Palah. Berdasarkan angka tahun yang ditemukan di kompleks candi, setidaknya Candi Panataran dipakai sejak pemerintahan Raja Jayanagara hingga Ratu Suhita. Pada jaman Majapahit, Candi Panataran adalah candi untuk memuja Paramasiwa yang disebut dengan berbagai nama, tattwa tertinggi dalam agama Siwasiddhanta. Bahkan ada kemungkinan sebuah Kadewaguruan (tempat pendidikan agama) dibangun di sekitar kompleks candi, tetapi dimana kepastian letaknya, belum jelas. Candi Panataran adalah “pusat spiritual” kerajaan Majapahit. Abstract. Panataran Temple was a state temple of the Majapahit Kingdom, which was built on a piece of land that had the potency to be sacred because there was an inscription, the Palah inscription, from the Kadiri period. The inscription is about devotion to Bhatara ri Palah. Based on a date found within the temple complex, it is assumed that at least the Panataran Temple was functioned since the reigning periods of King Jayanagara until Queen Suhita. During the Majapahit period, the Panataran Temple was a temple dedicated to Paramasiwa, who was known by various names, the highest tattwa in Siwasiddhanta religion. In fact, there is a possibility that a Kadewaguruan (centre of religious teachings) was built around the temple complex, but the exact location is yet to be found. The Panataran Temple was the “spiritual centre” of the Majapahit Kingdom.

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