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Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25497464     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/eksakta/
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering
Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) is an open access journal and peer-reviewed that publishes either original article or reviews. The journal is dedicated towards dissemination of knowledge related to the advancement in scientific research. The prestigious interdisciplinary editorial board reflects the diversity of subjects covered in this journal. Under the realm of science and technology, the coverage includes environmental science, pure and applied mathematics, agricultural research and engineering, biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, Healthcare sciences (including clinical medicine, preventive medicine & public health), physics, biophysics, computer science, chemistry and bioengineering, to name a few. This Journal Is Published at 3 Month intervals on January-Marc, April-June, July-September and October-December
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 310 Documents
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Morphological Characteristics and Differentiation of Acinetobacter baumannii Colony on Selective Medium CHROMagar Acinetobacter Wiranto, Edy; Kiranasari, Ariyani; Kusumawati, Lia; Mutiara; Tania, Tryna
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 01 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss01/482

Abstract

Acinetobacter is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections and is one of the pathogens with the highest prevalence in the world. In addition to its prevalence, the number of isolates that are resistant to antibiotics is increasing every year worldwide. Identification of these bacteria in patients is generally carried out using various methods however, each method has drawbacks such as a long time, low accuracy, and requires high costs. To overcome this, CHROMagar Acinetobacter is used and is expected to be one of the solutions for identifying Acinetobacter in patient samples due to its selectivity and accuracy. However, in this research, several non-Acinetobacter bacteria are able to grow in this media, making identification of A. baumannii using this media remain a challenge. Using phenotypic tests, 5 isolates were successfully separated from 32 A. baumannii isolates in this study (13,51%), where these 5 isolates showed the same characteristics as A. baumannii phenotypically on CHROMagar Acinetobacter results but differ in biochemical tests. Therefore, false-positive results will be obtained based solely on CHROMagar Acinetobacter results. In sum, the use of CHROMagar Acinetobacter must be followed by other conventional tests to increase the accuracy of Acinetobacter identification in specimens.
Genome-Wide Association Study for the Identification of Genetic Variants Associated with Facial Skin Phenotypes Rusma Yulita; Aswin, Yulia Ariani; Paramita, Rafika Indah
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/486

Abstract

Facial skin phenotypes such as pigmentation, wrinkles, and lentigines are determined by genetics and environmental factors. The genetic factor is known as the basic formation of facial skin phenotype variations in different populations. Genetic variations can be used as an approach to understanding genetic influences on the phenotype of interest and may influence molecular and cellular mechanisms. Genome wide-association study (GWAS) is used to identify common genetic variants associated with quantitative traits or complex human diseases. GWAS reveals a single phenotypic which is associated with a large number of SNPs and provides statistical information as significant SNPs. To perform GWAS analysis, bioinformatics tools are used as a rapid genetic data computation for large biological datasets which can report gene/locus with a related biological function viewed in silico. In this review, we summarize a common step-by-step workflow to conduct GWAS using bioinformatics analysis. The step-by-step workflow helps researchers understand how to identify SNPs with phenotypes of interest using bioinformatics approaches. Then, we explore common SNP and gene of facial skin phenotypes from several populations originating from various countries that can provide insights into the genetic contributions to facial skin phenotypes.
Efficient 1D Heat Equation Solver: Leveraging Numba in Python Herho, Sandy Hardian Susanto; Kaban, Siti Nurzannah; Irawan, Dasapta Erwin; Kapid, Rubiyanto
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/487

Abstract

This paper presents a Numba-based solver for the 1D Heat Equation, seamlessly blending Python’s readability with Numba’s dynamic Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation. The explicit method exhibits a notable runtime reduction from 8.324 s to 4.035 s, while the implicit method sees a more pronounced improvement, decreasing from 9.970 s to 1.195 s. Statistical tests confirm the statistical significance of these efficiency gains. Future research directions include extending the solver to multidimensional heat equations, exploring advanced parallelization techniques, and implementing dynamic parameter optimization strategies. Collaboration with domain experts for real-world applications is also envisioned to validate the solver’s performance and impact. In summary, the symbiosis of Python and Numba in crafting an optimized 1D Heat Equation solver marks a pivotal advancement in efficient numerical solutions. This research holds promise for diverse scientific
The Potential of Sea Pandan (Pandanus tectorius) Fiber as a Non-Food Industry Material Towards Sustainable Development Meilisa, Nurmeilisa; Jumrodah, Jumrodah; Supriatin, Atin
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 01 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss01/489

Abstract

Pandanus tectorius in certain areas has the potential to be utilized in the handicraft industry because it is known to have good and strong fiber. However, there are still many coastal areas in Indonesia that have not utilized P. tectorius optimally. The purpose of this study is to see the potential of P. tectorius fiber can be used as a non-food industry material towards sustainable development. The method used in this study is a laboratory experiment with a qualitative descriptive approach that uses different variations in NaOH concentrations, namely 0% (control), 2.5%, 5% and 7.5%. Research data was obtained from fiber tests in the laboratory which included fineness, tenacity, and elongation tests. The laboratory test results showed that P. tectorius fiber in NaOH treatment was 5% more optimal than NaOH treatment 0% (Control), 2.5% and 7.5% with an average fineness value of 2529.16 Tex, an extended value of 15.11%, a tenacity value of 153.71 (mN/Tex) and 15.68 (gf/Tex). Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that P. tectorius has good characteristics used as a non-food industry material, so that by utilizing the potential of P. tectorius fiber is a creative industry towards sustainable development
Latent Tuberculosis: Interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Macrophages Adiyaksa, Jongga; Rukmana, Andriansjah
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 01 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss01/490

Abstract

Latent TB infection (LTBI) is a state of persistent immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen stimulation but does not yet show clinically active TB. Macrophages can eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis through various mechanisms. The aim of this research is to determine the interaction of macrophages against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of the 116 articles screened, there were 42 articles that were in accordance with this literature study. Results from the studies reviewed It is possible that some individuals diagnosed with LTBI have recovered from the bacteria, while others have a very small chance of being reinfected.  Granulomas are a pathological sign of Mtb infection. The location of bacteria in the granuloma may influence the immune response necessary to control the infection. Mtb produces lipid and protein effectors that control inflammation and macrophage activity. By preventing Mtb-macrophage interactions and entry into human cells, tuberculosis can be avoided. In addition, many mycobacterial factors play important roles in immune evasion or aid reactivation. The class of proteins encoded by the rpf gene are known as resuscitation promoting factors, which appear to play an important role in reactivation. The Rpf gene is thought to be important in driving mycobacteria out of a dormant (and possibly latent) state.  
Generalized Additive Models for Modeling Pneumonia Cases in Toddlers in West Java based on the Penalized Spline Estimator Wahyu, Azkanul; Nurul Gusriani; Kankan Parmikanti
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/491

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are one of the causes of high mortality in the world, such as pneumonia in toddlers. Pneumonia cases in West Java are high compared to other provinces. In this study, pneumonia cases will be modeled with Generalized Additive Models (GAM) based on penalized spline estimators. The optimal number of knots is determined using the full search algorithm and the optimal smoothing parameter is obtained based on the minimum Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) value of order one or two. Then, GAM parameter estimation is performed using the local scoring algorithm. Formed model based on the order, number of knots, and smoothing parameters of each predictor variable with order one, number of knots two, and optimal smoothing parameter one for , order two, number of knots three, and optimal smoothing parameter one for , and order one, number of knots two, and optimal smoothing parameter for  whose parameters were estimated by local scoring resulted in a coefficient of determination of 0.679. This indicates that 67.9% of the factors from the predictor variables affect the percentage of pneumonia cases among under-fives while the remaining 32.1% is influenced by other factors outside the model.
Exploring Synergies: Tailoring Electrical Conductivity in Novel Corn Starch and Natural Rubber Polymer Composites through Varied Carbon Additives Fiqri, Miftahul; Humaidi, Syahrul; Frida, Erna; Estananto, Estananto
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/500

Abstract

Conductive polymer composites were synthesized using a crosslinking method, enhancing conductivity through the incorporation of carbon additives. Non-conductive natural polymers, corn starch, and natural rubber were blended with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a crosslinking agent, enhancing polymer bonding. CMC also served as a compatibilizer, improving corn starch properties. Glycerol acted as a plasticizer, enhancing flexibility and processability. Addition of carbon nanotube (CNT), graphite, and carbon foam yielded low-density materials, with carbon foam providing optimal porosity. The crystalline properties mirrored the added conductive carbon, while the chemical structure remained unchanged. At 0.1 Hz, electrical conductivity varied: 1.192 x 10-7 S.cm-1 (no carbon), 6.123 x 10-4 S.cm-1 (CNT), 7.656 x 10-4 S.cm-1 (graphite), and 3.134 x 10-2 S.cm-1 (carbon foam). Graphite incorporation demonstrated an electrical conductivity of 7.838 x 10-4 S.cm-1. The introduced carbon additives facilitated a conductive pathway in corn starch-based polymer composites, elevating material conductivity.
Mobile Genetic Elements Associated with Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Enggel, Yulia; Tjampakasari, Connny Riana; Kiranasari, Ariyani
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/502

Abstract

Klebsiella  pneumoniae is the Enterobacteriaceae family can be found in the environment, humans and animals. These bacteria are common causes of hospital, community and healthcare associated infections. Third generation cephalosporin (3GC) is one of the broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that is commonly used to treat this infection. Use of antibiotics without appropriate sensitivity guidance, natural antibiotic resistant bacteria and MGE mediated horizontal gene transfer have led to increased resistance in 3GC. Mobile genetic elements such as insertion sequences (IS), transposons, integrons and resistance plasmids facilitate horizontal gene transfer between bacteria. This element can move between chromosomes or plasmids, transferring genetic material to the recipient bacteria. Horizontal gene transfer can occur by conjugation, transformation, transduction and vesiduction. IS, transposons, integrons and resistance plasmids associated with 3GC resistance are discussed in this article. We analysed the role of these MGEs in 3GC resistance in K. pneumoniae using PRISMA methods from different academic sources. We found an association of MGE with ESBL and AmpC betalactamase gene. This element promotes the transfer of resistance genes to other bacteria. Understanding the MGEs that play a role in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in K. pneumoniae is important to control the spread of the gene.
Effect of Adding Beet Puree (Beta vulgaris L) on the Characteristics of Dry Noodles Made from Wheat Flour with Substitution of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) Flour Sylvi, Diana; Hari, Purnama Dini; Asma, Fadhillawati Fri
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/507

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of adding beet tuber puree on the characteristics of dry noodles made from wheat flour with sorghum flour substitution. This research design used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 repeats. The treatments carried out in this study were A (Control), B (Addition of beet tuber puree 3%), C (Addition of beet tuber puree 6%, D (Addition of beet tuber puree 9%), and E (Addition of beet tuber puree 12%). The data obtained in the study were carried out statistical analysis by ANOVA then continued with the analysis of Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the level of 5% effect on water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity, color, and elasticity The best treatment based on physical, chemical, and organoleptic properties is treatment E (addition of puree 12%) with moisture content. of 8.89%, ash content of 2.83%, protein content of 13.58%, fat content of 2.80%, carbohydrate content of 71.89%, elasticity of 57.27%, value of 78.57 ⸰hue (yellow-red) and total plate count of 0.79 x 105 CFU/ml, organoleptic analysis color 4.65 (likes), aroma 4.15 (likes), texture 4.30 (likes), and taste 3.90 (regular).
Molecular Docking of Active Compounds from The Ethanol Extract of Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit with Iron Transporters DMT1 and ZIP14 Rahma, Rahma; Estuningtyas, Ari
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 02 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss02/508

Abstract

Iron-overload can lead to organ damage by promoting free radical production.This study explores the potential inhibitory effects of compounds found in Phaleria macrocarpa fruit on non-transferrin-bound iron uptake by targeting DMT1 and ZIP14 iron transporters through in-silico methods.The study utilized homology modeling to construct 3D structures of DMT1 and ZIP14. Validation of these models was carried out by assessing their sequence identity and analyzing their stereochemical quality using Ramachandran plots. Molecular docking was conducted using AutoDockTools. The coordinates for molecular docking were carefully chosen based on the iron binding-site locations as reported in previous literature. Interaction visualization was done using LigPlot+. Our findings indicate strong binding affinities of several compounds from Phaleria macrocarpa fruit with both DMT1 and ZIP14. Specifically, patuletin-7-O-[6"-(2-methylbutyryl)]-glucoside, naringenin-4'-7-dimethyl ether, and 5,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone demonstrated significant interaction with DMT-1, while 6'-O-galloyl-homoarbutin, patuletin-7-O-[6"-(2-methylbutyryl)]-glucoside, and guanine exhibited high affinity for ZIP14. While the ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit shows promising interactions with key iron transporters implicated in iron overload, these in-silico predictions require further experimental validation to confirm their efficacy as inhibitors.

Page 25 of 31 | Total Record : 310

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