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Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25497464     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/eksakta/
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering
Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) is an open access journal and peer-reviewed that publishes either original article or reviews. The journal is dedicated towards dissemination of knowledge related to the advancement in scientific research. The prestigious interdisciplinary editorial board reflects the diversity of subjects covered in this journal. Under the realm of science and technology, the coverage includes environmental science, pure and applied mathematics, agricultural research and engineering, biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, Healthcare sciences (including clinical medicine, preventive medicine & public health), physics, biophysics, computer science, chemistry and bioengineering, to name a few. This Journal Is Published at 3 Month intervals on January-Marc, April-June, July-September and October-December
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 310 Documents
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Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Aluminate from Aluminum and Sodium Hydroxide Dinalia, Dinalia; Syamsi Aini; Jon Efendi
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/627

Abstract

The synthesis of sodium aluminate from aluminum and sodium hydroxide was successfully conducted to optimize its potential as a precursor for zeolite production. Aluminum was reacted with NaOH solution under continuous stirring for five hours, with variations in pH and Al-to-NaOH molar ratio to determine optimal synthesis conditions. The highest aluminum conversion (94.33%) was achieved at pH 13.6 and an Al-to-NaOH molar ratio of 1:4. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of tetrahedral [AlO₄]⁻ units through characteristic aluminate vibrational bands at 624 and 727 cm⁻¹. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed sharp reflections at 2θ ≈ 34.8°, corresponding to crystalline NaAlO₂ (JCPDS No. 33-1200), indicating high crystallinity and phase purity. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) analysis showed irregular plate-like crystalline particles with a near-stoichiometric Na:Al ratio (~1:1), confirming compositional homogeneity. Overall, optimized alkalinity and stoichiometry were found to be critical for producing highly crystalline and compositionally pure sodium aluminate, suggesting its suitability as a high-quality, environmentally friendly precursor for zeolite synthesis.
Smart Law Application Engineering for Post-Disaster Recovery in Sumatra Refa Swinta Maharani; Inggrit Fernandes
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/607

Abstract

Flood disasters frequently occur in West Sumatra and cause multidimensional impacts on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Beyond physical and economic damage, MSMEs face serious administrative and legal challenges, particularly in restoring trademark legality due to lost documents, disrupted archives, and limited access to legal services. These conditions weaken legal protection and reduce business competitiveness during post-disaster recovery. This study aims to engineer a Smart Law application, a digital portal integrated with artificial intelligence (AI), designed to support post-disaster trademark legality recovery for MSMEs in Sumatra. The research employed a research and development (R&D) approach consisting of needs assessment, system design, prototype development, and limited user testing. Data were collected through literature review, regulatory analysis, interviews with disaster-affected MSMEs, and field observations, and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results indicate that the Smart Law application is capable of delivering structured legal information, contextual guidance, and AI-based preliminary recommendations tailored to MSME conditions. The application functions as an initial legal assistance tool that improves accessibility, efficiency, and understanding of trademark recovery procedures in post-disaster contexts. This study contributes to the development of AI-assisted legal services and digital solutions for MSME resilience in disaster-prone regions.
Hydrogeological Evaluation Based on Water Quality Parameters and Groundwater Level Conditions in Kolaka and Tangketada Basins, Southeast Sulawesi Salim, Muhammad Abdul Rahman; Irawan, Dasapta Erwin; Sadisun, Imam Achmad; Herlambang Fredomeseliano, Bonanza; Kurniawan
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/623

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the hydrogeological conditions of Pomalaa through analysis of groundwater flow patterns, groundwater level fluctuations, and water quality parameters. The methods used include geological and hydrogeological mapping, groundwater level measurements, and delineation of groundwater basins based on regional topography and lithological data. Water quality analysis was conducted by measuring temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH parameters. The study area consists of five main rock units, with three types of aquifers based on lithological characteristics, namely intergranular and fractured aquifers, low-yield aquifers, and rare aquifers. The results of the study show that groundwater flow patterns follow natural hydraulic gradients, but fluctuate due to environmental changes and mining activities. Several points show significant water quality degradation, with pH, TDS, and EC values exceeding drinking water thresholds. The water quality index shows variations from very good (57), good (49), poor (23), very poor (22), to unfit for drinking (48). The solution offered by this study is the need for mitigation strategies and sustainable water resource management, which is of utmost urgency to maintain ecosystem balance and ensure the availability of clean water for the community and industry in the future.
Serological and Non-Sputum Biomarkers for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of Host- and Pathogen-Derived Signatures Diah Erwati, Wa Ode; Rukmana, Andriansjah
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/626

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern, with more than 10 million new cases reported annually. Conventional sputum-based diagnostics such as microscopy, culture, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF show limited sensitivity in children, individuals with HIV, and extrapulmonary TB, highlighting the need for accurate non-sputum alternatives. This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic performance of serological and other non-sputum biomarkers for active TB, focusing on both host and pathogen derived targets. Eleven eligible studies (2016–2024) involving 2,548 participants were analyzed. The reviewed studies employed multiplex immunoassays and protein microarrays to assess immune markers and M. tuberculosis antigens. Key findings indicate that several cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, IP-10, IL-27) and antibodies to ESAT-6, CFP-10, and Ag85B differentiated active from latent infection. Multi-antigen panels achieved sensitivity and specificity above 85%, while saliva, serum, and skin-based assays showed potential for non-invasive and field-applicable diagnosis. The novelty of this review lies in its integrative approach analyzing both host and pathogen biomarkers, which are often studied separately. Such multi-marker, non-sputum serological strategies could complement current TB diagnostics and provide reliable, accessible tools for use in resource-limited and high HIV prevalence settings
Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolation from Sugarcane Garden Soil Muammar, Arief; Arjuna, Mesha; Manullang, Maria; Retnaningrum, Endah
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 27 No. 01 (2026): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss01/632

Abstract

The soil surrounding the sugar cane garden is a promising habitat for cellulolytic bacteria because it contains a source of cellulose, hemicellulose, and other carbon sources derived from the sugar canes remaining organic matter.  This study attempts to determine the presence of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from sugar cane garden soil, as well as the ability of cellulolytic bacteria to degrade cellulose based on optical density and sugar reduction values isolated from sugarcane garden soil.  We collected soil samples from five points (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5), isolating the bacteria in CMC (Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose) medium, qualitatively testing the cellulase enzyme activity with Congo Red and Iodine Assays, and quantitatively using the DNS Assay. The results of the qualitative test with the Congo Red assay revealed that there were three positive isolates with a clearly visible clear zone, namely TII C4, TII C1, and TIV C4, and after quantitative supernatant tests, the OD values of all isolates were higher than the negative control in supernatant samples using 540nm wave length using spectrophotometer, by using synthetic cellulose called Carboxy Methyl cellulase (CMC) as a substrate in the cellulase enzyme test.
Compound Profile of Methanol Extract of Katang-Katang Leaves (Ipomoea pes-caprae) and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities Dessy Rosye Rooy; Kapelle, Imanuel Berly Delvis; Rosmawaty
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 27 No. 01 (2026): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss01/633

Abstract

 Increasing antibiotic resistance has prompted the search for safer and more sustainable natural alternatives. Ipomoea pes-caprae, a coastal plant traditionally used for the treatment of wounds and inflammation, is known to be rich in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids that have potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This study aimed to map the metabolite profile of the methanolic extract of I. pes-caprae leaves using LC-HRMS, to analyze its relationship with antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH method, and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. LC-HRMS analysis identified 406 compounds with Palmitic Acid as the dominant component (24.503%), including primary and secondary metabolite groups such as flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, kaempferol), phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, chlorogenic acid), terpenoids (caryophyllene oxide, lupeol), alkaloids, and phytohormones. The methanol extract showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 136.71 ppm) and antibacterial activity against E. coli (inhibition zone 9.5 mm), which is thought to originate from the synergy of various secondary metabolites through free radical scavenging mechanisms and bacterial membrane damage. These findings strengthen the scientific basis for I. pes-caprae as a natural source of antioxidant and antibacterial agents for the development of natural pharmaceutical products.
Comparative Analysis of Coral Cover Percentage and Species Diversity in Karanrang Island, Balang Lompo Island, Badi Island, and Lumu-Lumu Island Using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) Method Gracela; Rukminasari, Nita; Alam, Jamaluddin Fitrah; Rahim, Sri Wahyuni
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 27 No. 01 (2026): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss01/634

Abstract

This study assessed live coral cover and coral genus diversity across Karanrang Island, Balang Lompo Island, Badi Island, and Lumu-Lumu Island. Data collection was conducted at 12 observation stations (depth ±5 m) using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method in April 2025. Photo analysis with CPCe 4.1 software was used to calculate the percentage of live coral cover, while the diversity index was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener formula (H’). The findings revealed that Badi Island exhibited the highest live coral cover (32.31–45.03%), whereas Lumu-Lumu Island demonstrated the lowest condition (10.60–24.97%). The highest diversity index was recorded on Balang Lompo Island (H' = 2.53) and the lowest on Karanrang Island (H' = 0.83). Badi Island is predominantly composed of Porites sp. and Acropora sp., suggesting ecosystem stability and a high potential for regeneration, while Karanrang and Balang Lompo Islands display moderate conditions with a prevalence of adaptive massive corals. These results show variations in coral cover and diversity between islands due to differences in environmental pressures and the ecological characteristics specific. These findings emphasize the need for location-based management to maintain the ecological functions and restoration potential of coral reefs ecosystem in the Spermonde Islands.
Comparison of Mangrove Biomass in Three Different Mangrove Ecosystem Locations in Maros Regency Yusran, Muhammad; Rukminasari, Nita; Tresnati, Joeharnani; Moka, Wilma Joana Carolina
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 27 No. 01 (2026): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss01/635

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the variation in mangrove biomass across three locations in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, namely Borongkalukua, Bonto Bahari, and Ampekale. Data collection was conducted using purposive sampling design, 27 observation plots (10×10 m; n=9 per location) were established to estimate biomass through Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) and species-specific allometric equations. Five mangrove species were identified, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, and Sonneratia alba. The two-way ANOVA results showed that species (p = 0.0003), location (p = 0.0266), and their interaction (p = 0.0065) had significant effects on biomass. The Kruskal–Wallis test also confirmed differences in median biomass among locations (p = 0.0104). Borongkalukua exhibited the highest biomass (302.57 Mg/ha) dominated by R. mucronata and R. apiculata, followed by Ampekale (223.20 Mg/ha) dominated by R. apiculata and S. alba, while the lowest biomass was recorded in Bonto Bahari (129.44 Mg/ha), dominated by A. marina. These variations in biomass reflect differences in species’ adaptive capacity to local environmental conditions. Overall, the findings emphasize that the interaction between species and location is a key determinant of mangrove biomass productivity. 
The Effectiveness of Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson Leaf Extract as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium Ventika Sari, Karina; Emriadi; Yeni Stiadi
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/636

Abstract

 The inhibition effectiveness of the extract in hydrochloric acid solution was analyzed using the weight loss method at 30 °C for 7 hours to determine the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency. The active compounds were identified through phytochemical tests, while the adsorption type was determined based on thermodynamic parameters. Characterization of surface changes on mild steel was carried out using UV-Vis spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The results revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, and phenolics, which contribute to the adsorption process on the mild steel surface. The lowest corrosion rate was obtained at a concentration of 8 g/L, namely 0.43 mg/cm².h, with the highest inhibition efficiency of 73.42%. The R² value approaching 1 follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, with a  value of -23.79, indicating that EDAG molecules are adsorbed on the mild steel surface through mixed adsorption. Surface morphology analysis showed a smoother steel surface after immersion in the inhibitor solution, indicating the formation of a protective layer. Thus, compared to previous studies, EDAG exhibits higher inhibition efficiency and demonstrates potential as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor alternative.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Allogenic: A Potential Challenge for Decreasing Random Blood Glucose, Uric Acid, and Cholesterol Levels in A Preliminary Pre and Post Test Study on Adult Subjects Diah Hastuti; Awal Prasetyo; Anzhari, Della Hashfi; Resti Ariani; Mutia Syafira; Anna Kartika Yuli Astuti; Rina Puspita
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 27 No. 01 (2026): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464) In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol27-iss01/643

Abstract

Ideally, metabolic homeostasis is maintained through stable glucose regulation, balanced lipid metabolism, and effective uric acid clearance under conditions of minimal systemic inflammation. In real clinical conditions, aging and persistent low-grade inflammation frequently disrupt this balance, leading to hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and elevated uric acid levels. Current pharmacological management mainly emphasizes metabolic control and may not sufficiently address underlying tissue dysfunction or inflammatory processes. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood-derived bioregenerative product containing growth factors with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, offering a potential supportive approach for metabolic regulation. Nevertheless, PRP administration has predominantly relied on invasive delivery methods. Nebulization provides a non-invasive pulmonary route that enables rapid systemic absorption, representing an alternative delivery strategy. Despite its potential advantages, clinical evidence regarding the metabolic effects of PRP delivered via nebulization remains limited, creating an urgent need for preliminary clinical evaluation. Therefore, this pre–post test study aimed to assess the effects of allogeneic PRP nebulization on random blood glucose, uric acid, and total cholesterol levels. Fourteen adult subjects received PRP nebulization for five consecutive days. The intervention resulted in a significant reduction in random blood glucose levels and mild decreasing trends in uric acid and total cholesterol without serious adverse events.

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